Retribution_ The Battle For Japan, 1944-45 Part 24

257. "The simple truth about war" Fraser, op. cit., p. 82. "The simple truth about war" Fraser, op. cit., p. 82.

258. "long before noon" Edmund Love, "long before noon" Edmund Love, The Hourgla.s.s The Hourgla.s.s, Infantry Journal Press 1950, p. 216. 129 259. "You were wet" LC Norman interview. "You were wet" LC Norman interview.

''Forget it," said the colonel" AI Takahas.h.i.+.

260. "Filipino labour...performed manual labour" Craven and Cate, op. cit., Vol. V, p. 373. "Filipino labour...performed manual labour" Craven and Cate, op. cit., Vol. V, p. 373.

261. "Empty casings jingled down" USAMHI George Morrissey diary, Newman Papers Box 6. "Empty casings jingled down" USAMHI George Morrissey diary, Newman Papers Box 6.

262. "It is foolish to land" USNA RG337 Box 58, "Lessons of Leyte." "It is foolish to land" USNA RG337 Box 58, "Lessons of Leyte."

263. "it is essential that all units" ibid. "it is essential that all units" ibid.

CHAPTER SIX * "FLOWERS OF DEATH": LEYTE GULF.

264. "Whether the plan is adequate" Ugaki diaries, op. cit., p. 442, 13.8.44. "Whether the plan is adequate" Ugaki diaries, op. cit., p. 442, 13.8.44.

265. "to engage the full might" ibid., p. 460. "to engage the full might" ibid., p. 460.

266. "gigantic castles of steel" Winston S. Churchill, "gigantic castles of steel" Winston S. Churchill, The World Crisis The World Crisis, Odhams 1923, Vol. I, p. 83.

267. "Why can't our people" Masanori Ito with Roger Pineau, "Why can't our people" Masanori Ito with Roger Pineau, The End of the Imperial j.a.panese Navy The End of the Imperial j.a.panese Navy, Weidenfeld & Nicolson 1962, p. 125.

268. "It's compet.i.tive all the way" NHC Oral History interviews Box 20. "It's compet.i.tive all the way" NHC Oral History interviews Box 20.

269. "Let's get this over with" A. J. Galantin, "Let's get this over with" A. J. Galantin, Take Her Deep! Take Her Deep!, Algonquin 1997, p. 173.

270. "It was a beautiful day" LC Goodman interview. "It was a beautiful day" LC Goodman interview.

271. "Our captain was a" AI Ebisawa. "Our captain was a" AI Ebisawa.

272. "a j.a.p sailor yelled" NHC Oral History Narratives Box 32 Tropp file. "a j.a.p sailor yelled" NHC Oral History Narratives Box 32 Tropp file.

273. "absolutely beautiful" USNA RG38 Box 4. "absolutely beautiful" USNA RG38 Box 4.

274. "Who can read the heart" Ugaki diaries, op. cit., 6.11.44. "Who can read the heart" Ugaki diaries, op. cit., 6.11.44.

275. "The dive-bombers are not hitting" USNA Lamade report, op. cit., 23.2.45. "The dive-bombers are not hitting" USNA Lamade report, op. cit., 23.2.45.

276. "Too many targets were attacked" Gerald Thomas, op. cit., p. 71. "Too many targets were attacked" Gerald Thomas, op. cit., p. 71.

277. "Lucky I wouldn't let you go" AI Takahas.h.i.+. "Lucky I wouldn't let you go" AI Takahas.h.i.+.

278. "General situation: enemy aircraft" USNA RG200 Box 59. "General situation: enemy aircraft" USNA RG200 Box 59.

279. "Lt. Tokichi Is.h.i.+, forty-four-year-old" LHA POW Report 10IR64852. "Lt. Tokichi Is.h.i.+, forty-four-year-old" LHA POW Report 10IR64852.

280. "we rode the mast" NHC, Howard Sauer, "we rode the mast" NHC, Howard Sauer, Battles.h.i.+p Gunner Battles.h.i.+p Gunner, unpublished MS 1994.

281. "The j.a.panese Vice-Admiral Ugaki" Ugaki diaries, op. cit., p. 574. "The j.a.panese Vice-Admiral Ugaki" Ugaki diaries, op. cit., p. 574.

282. "Never give a sucker" NHC Oral History Narratives Box 24 Oldendorf file. "Never give a sucker" NHC Oral History Narratives Box 24 Oldendorf file.

283. "more like a petty officer" LHA POW Reports 106R638. "more like a petty officer" LHA POW Reports 106R638.

284. "All forces will resume the attack" Ito, op. cit., p. 133. "All forces will resume the attack" Ito, op. cit., p. 133.

285. "If a man has a nervous wife" William Halsey and Joseph Bryan Halsey, "If a man has a nervous wife" William Halsey and Joseph Bryan Halsey, Admiral Halsey's Story Admiral Halsey's Story, McGraw-Hill 1947, p. xi.

286. "he was always sure" Quoted Wilmott, p. 248. "he was always sure" Quoted Wilmott, p. 248.

287. "It was not my job to protect" Halsey and Halsey, op. cit., p. 219. "It was not my job to protect" Halsey and Halsey, op. cit., p. 219.

288. "With the conviction that Center Force" NHC Box 6 Carney file, p. 11. "With the conviction that Center Force" NHC Box 6 Carney file, p. 11.

I am indebted in this chapter for some significant reflections offered by Richard Frank in a presentation at the Nimitz Museum of the Pacific War, Fredericksburg, Texas: "Halsey's Great Decision at Leyte Gulf." Frank argues that Kinkaid was substantially more culpable than most historians suggest, and Halsey less so, for the surprise inflicted on Taffy 3. While revising Retribution Retribution for publication, I was also able to consult the most recent book on Leyte Gulf, for publication, I was also able to consult the most recent book on Leyte Gulf, Sea of Thunder Sea of Thunder by Evan Thomas (Simon & Schuster 2006), though it did not cause me significantly to change my own conclusions. by Evan Thomas (Simon & Schuster 2006), though it did not cause me significantly to change my own conclusions.

289. "the morning sun" Jernigan, op. cit., p. 126. "the morning sun" Jernigan, op. cit., p. 126.

290. "Halsey's job" John T. Mason, "Halsey's job" John T. Mason, The Pacific War Remembered The Pacific War Remembered, Naval Inst.i.tute Press, p. 274.

291. "Our captain announced" NHC Oral Histories. "Our captain announced" NHC Oral Histories.

292. "We went up on the flightdeck" NHC Oral Histories Box 34 RF Whitehead file. "We went up on the flightdeck" NHC Oral Histories Box 34 RF Whitehead file.

293. "about the same as driving" NHC Oral Histories Box 17 William Kirkland file. "about the same as driving" NHC Oral Histories Box 17 William Kirkland file.

294. "I told the crew" NHC Oral History Collection Box 12 Hathaway file. "I told the crew" NHC Oral History Collection Box 12 Hathaway file.

295. "Buck, what we need is a bugler" ibid. "Buck, what we need is a bugler" ibid.

296. "As we cleared each other" NHC Oral History Interviews Box 13. "As we cleared each other" NHC Oral History Interviews Box 13.

297. "We were weaving back and forth" NHC Box 12 Hagen file. "We were weaving back and forth" NHC Box 12 Hagen file.

298. "It takes a lot to go in there" NHC Oral Histories Box 34 RF Whitehead file. "It takes a lot to go in there" NHC Oral Histories Box 34 RF Whitehead file.

299. "This process lasted" ibid., Box 33 Vieweg file. "This process lasted" ibid., Box 33 Vieweg file.

300. "At the end of two hours" ibid., Box 34. "At the end of two hours" ibid., Box 34.

301. "j.a.pan was showing signs not only" Ito, op. cit., p. 111. "j.a.pan was showing signs not only" Ito, op. cit., p. 111.

302. "my mind was extremely fatigued" ibid., p. 166. "my mind was extremely fatigued" ibid., p. 166.

303. "the very poor decision" USNA RG200 Box 59, report of 29.10.44. "the very poor decision" USNA RG200 Box 59, report of 29.10.44.

304. "The second explosion" ibid. "The second explosion" ibid.

305. "severely burned beyond recognition" NHC Oral Histories Burrell file. "severely burned beyond recognition" NHC Oral Histories Burrell file.

306. "Attention all hands" "Attention all hands" Flight Quarters Flight Quarters, op. cit., p. 51.

307. "There wasn't any of this" USNA RG38 Box 4. "There wasn't any of this" USNA RG38 Box 4.

308. "mission was to be defeated" Ito, op. cit., p. 142. "mission was to be defeated" Ito, op. cit., p. 142.

309. "We had frantic screams" USNA RG38 Box 4 Dow, op. cit. "We had frantic screams" USNA RG38 Box 4 Dow, op. cit.

310. "It wasn't five minutes" ibid. "It wasn't five minutes" ibid.

311. "Prosecute damage control" NHC Library. "Prosecute damage control" NHC Library.

312. "Fifty hours in the water" NHC Box 12 Hagen file. "Fifty hours in the water" NHC Box 12 Hagen file.

313. "I guess I missed the best battle" Clark, op. cit., p. 235. "I guess I missed the best battle" Clark, op. cit., p. 235.

314. "Several j.a.panese fighter pilots" Rikihei Inoguchi and Tadas.h.i.+ Nakajima with Roger Pineau, "Several j.a.panese fighter pilots" Rikihei Inoguchi and Tadas.h.i.+ Nakajima with Roger Pineau, The Divine Wind The Divine Wind, Hutchinson 1959, pa.s.sim.

315. "In the Philippines, every day" AI Iki. "In the Philippines, every day" AI Iki.

316. "Everything was urgent" S. Sakai, "Everything was urgent" S. Sakai, Samurai Samurai, Four Square 1974, p. 213.

317. "When a commander is uncertain" Ito, op. cit., p. 161. "When a commander is uncertain" Ito, op. cit., p. 161.

318. "j.a.pan is in grave danger" ibid., pp. 3738. "j.a.pan is in grave danger" ibid., pp. 3738.

319. "People in the streets" "People in the streets" Divine Wind Divine Wind, op. cit., p. 77.

320. "He was afire in the engine" "He was afire in the engine" Flight Quarters Flight Quarters, op. cit., p. 58.

321. "You could of drove a Mack" C. Raymond Calhoun, "You could of drove a Mack" C. Raymond Calhoun, Tin Can Sailor Tin Can Sailor, Naval Inst.i.tute Press 1993, p. 155.

322. "This type of attack is quite different" NHC Box 26 Purdy file. "This type of attack is quite different" NHC Box 26 Purdy file.

323. "If adequate fighter cover not maintained" USNA RG200 Box 59. "If adequate fighter cover not maintained" USNA RG200 Box 59.

324. "I was standing in the open" Hutchinson, op. cit., p. 61. "I was standing in the open" Hutchinson, op. cit., p. 61.

325. "You just don't know which one's" LC Erwin interview. "You just don't know which one's" LC Erwin interview.

326. "The first thing I saw that day" Jernigan, op. cit., p. 176. "The first thing I saw that day" Jernigan, op. cit., p. 176.

327. "rushed over to help get a man" Gerald Thomas, op. cit., p. 92. "rushed over to help get a man" Gerald Thomas, op. cit., p. 92.

328. "I seen these fellows with short sleeves" ibid. "I seen these fellows with short sleeves" ibid.

329. "Seven of our bomber pilots" USNA RG38 Box 4 Winters report, op. cit. "Seven of our bomber pilots" USNA RG38 Box 4 Winters report, op. cit.

330. "The j.a.panese had perfected" Morison, op. cit., Vol. XII, p. 367. "The j.a.panese had perfected" Morison, op. cit., Vol. XII, p. 367.

331. "Logically, suicide attack" Royal Navy Staff History, "Logically, suicide attack" Royal Navy Staff History, War with j.a.pan War with j.a.pan, Ministry of Defence 1995, Vol. VI, p. 196.

332. "I could imagine myself in the heat" Bradlee, op. cit., p. 90. "I could imagine myself in the heat" Bradlee, op. cit., p. 90.

333. "Let no man belittle" Mamoru s.h.i.+gemitsu, "Let no man belittle" Mamoru s.h.i.+gemitsu, j.a.pan and Her Destiny j.a.pan and Her Destiny, Hutchinson 1958, p. 340.

334. "We ran afoul of j.a.panese" NHC Box 6 Carney file, p. 14. "We ran afoul of j.a.panese" NHC Box 6 Carney file, p. 14.

335. "I was somewhat puzzled" NHC Box 15 Inglis report, p. 19. "I was somewhat puzzled" NHC Box 15 Inglis report, p. 19.

336. "We came to believe" Jernigan, op. cit., p. 92. "We came to believe" Jernigan, op. cit., p. 92.

CHAPTER SEVEN * ASh.o.r.e: BATTLE FOR THE MOUNTAINS.

337. "the Navy succeeded" j.a.panese monograph 8489 roll 6 USAMHI. "the Navy succeeded" j.a.panese monograph 8489 roll 6 USAMHI.

338. "There are only thirty-four men in our company" Diary of Eichi Ogita of 362th Independent Battalion, j.a.panese Interrogation Reports, LHA. "There are only thirty-four men in our company" Diary of Eichi Ogita of 362th Independent Battalion, j.a.panese Interrogation Reports, LHA.

339. "By 7 November" j.a.panese Translated Monographs, op. cit. "By 7 November" j.a.panese Translated Monographs, op. cit.

340. "Men threw away their packs" Orlando Davidson et al., "Men threw away their packs" Orlando Davidson et al., The Deadeyes: Story of the The Deadeyes: Story of the 96 96th Division, Infantry Journal Press 1947, p. 49.

341. "We had just begun to dig in" Morrissey diaries, op. cit., 28.10.44. "We had just begun to dig in" Morrissey diaries, op. cit., 28.10.44.

342. "I only knew him as a G Company screw-up" Eric Diller, "I only knew him as a G Company screw-up" Eric Diller, Memoirs of a Combat Infantryman Memoirs of a Combat Infantryman, privately published 1999, p. 51.

343. "I saw an undernourished" ibid., p. 70. "I saw an undernourished" ibid., p. 70.

344. "Beyond grief inflicted" USNA RG337 Box 59/238. "Beyond grief inflicted" USNA RG337 Box 59/238.

345. "The task of supply and evacuation" M. Hamlin Cannon, "The task of supply and evacuation" M. Hamlin Cannon, The U.S. Army in WWII-Leyte: The Return to the Philippines The U.S. Army in WWII-Leyte: The Return to the Philippines, Dept of the Army 1954, p. 112.

346. "Floods raced" Jan Valtan, "Floods raced" Jan Valtan, Children of Yesterday Children of Yesterday, Readers Press 1946, p. 187.

347. "I saw the creek bed" Morrissey diaries, op. cit. "I saw the creek bed" Morrissey diaries, op. cit.