The Future: six drivers of global change Part 122

594 a salmon modified with an extra growth hormone gene

Andrew Pollack, "Panel Leans in Favor of Engineered Salmon," New York Times, September 20, 2010.

595 as fast as a normal salmon

Randy Rieland, "Food, Modified Food," Smithsonian, June 29, 2012.

596 about the possibility of increased levels of insulin-like growth factor

Storrs, "Hormones in Food: Should You Worry?"

597 changing the species in an unintended way

Pollack, "Panel Leans in Favor of Engineered Salmon"; Bill Chameides, "Genetically Modified Salmon: The Meta-Question," New Scientist, November 23, 2010.

598 to reduce the amount of phosphorus in their feces

Andrew Pollack, "Move to Market Gene-Altered Pigs in Canada Is Halted," New York Times, April 4, 2012.

599 They called their creation Enviropigs

University of Guelph, "Enviropig," http://www.uoguelph.ca/enviropig/index.shtml.

600 because phosphorus is a source of algae blooms

University of Guelph, "Environmental Benefits," http://www.uoguelph.ca/enviropig/environmental_benefits.shtml.

601 abandoned their project and euthanized the pigs

Pollack, "Move to Market Gene-Altered Pigs in Canada Is Halted."

602 because scientists elsewhere engineered an enzyme, phytase

Clive Cookson, "Agrochemicals: Innovation Has Slowed Since Golden Age of the 1990s," Financial Times, October 13, 2011.

603 which, when added to pig feed

Pollack, "Move to Market Gene-Altered Pigs in Canada Is Halted."

604 genetically engineer insects, including bollworms

Henry Nicholls, "Swarm Troopers: Mutant Armies Waging War in the Wild," New Scientist, September 12, 2011.

605 and mosquitoes

Michael Specter, "The Mosquito Solution," New Yorker, July 9 and 16, 2012, pp. 3846.

606 species of mosquito that carries dengue fever

Nicholls, "Swarm Troopers."

607 The larvae, having no access to tetracycline

Andy Coghlan, "Genetically Altered Mosquitoes Thwart Dengue Spreaders," New Scientist, November 11, 2010; Nicholls, "Swarm Troopers."

608 proposed the release of large numbers of their mosquitoes

Specter, "The Mosquito Solution."

609 potentially disruptive effects on the ecosystem

Nicholls, "Swarm Troopers"; Specter, "The Mosquito Solution."

610 small number of the offspring do in fact survive