Team Of Rivals Part 108

"the symbolism of Federal authority": Draper and Rosenbloom, "Secession C: Fort Sumter," p. 11.

under the heading of "For Foreign Nations": Norman B. Ferris, "Lincoln and Seward in Civil War Diplomacy: Their Relations.h.i.+p at the Outset Reexamined," Journal of the Abraham Lincoln a.s.sociation 12 (1991), pp. 2526.

"that there was no...the ruling party": WHS, quoted by Rudolf Schleiden, quoted in Richard N. Current, "Comment," JALA (1991), p. 45.

"whatever policy...a.s.sume responsibility": WHS to AL, "Some thoughts for the President's consideration," April 1, 1861, Lincoln Papers.

"had Mr. Lincoln...the whole affair": Nicolay, A Short Life of Abraham Lincoln, pp. 186, 187.

dashed off a reply...to respond in person: Donald, Lincoln, p. 290.

"without a policy...I must do it": AL to WHS, April 1, 1861, in CW, IV, pp. 31617.

"to put down...this thing through": Entry for March 31, 1861, private journal of Montgomery Meigs (copy), container 13, Nicolay Papers.

"fit out the Powhatan...she is fitting out": AL to Andrew H. Foote, April 1, 1861, in CW, IV, p. 314.

three hundred sailors: Fox to MB, April 17, 1861, in Confidential Correspondence of Gustavus Vasa Fox, p. 33; "Result of G.V. Fox's Plan for Reinforcing Fort Sumpter; In His Own Writing," reprinted in ibid., p. 39.

a.s.signed the Powhatan simultaneously to both Pickens and Sumpter: "Result of G.V. Fox's Plan for Reinforcing Fort Sumpter" p. 40; Fox to his wife [Virginia Woodbury Fox], May 2, 1861, ibid., pp. 4243.

"Your father says...put my name?": Seward, Reminiscences of a War-Time Statesman and Diplomat, p. 148.

"leave New York...disposing of your force": Welles diary, Vol. I (1960 edn.), pp. 2223.

"I am directed...without further notice": Simon Cameron to Robert S. Chew, April 6, 1861, in CW, IV, p. 323.

Lincoln had devised a means: Don E. Fehrenbacher, "Lincoln's Wartime Leaders.h.i.+p: The First Hundred Days," Journal of the Abraham Lincoln a.s.sociation 9 (1987), esp. p. 7.

"embarra.s.sed by...errors imputed to them": Welles diary, Vol. I (1960 edn.), pp. 2325.

Porter had already set sail...had priority: Hoogenboom, "Gustavus Fox and the Relief of Fort Sumter," CWH (1963), p. 392.

Fox reached Charleston...futilely searching: Fox to MB, April 17, 1861, in Confidential Correspondence of Gustavus Vasa Fox, p. 32.

At 3:30 a.m.... in one hour: James Chesnut, Jr., and Stephen D. Lee to Robert Anderson, April 12, 1861, enclosure 5 of Robert Anderson to Lorenzo Thomas, April 19, 1861, OR, Ser. 1, Vol. I, p. 14.

Anderson's small garrison..."fighting launches": Fox to MB, April 17, 1861, in Confidential Correspondence of Gustavus Vasa Fox, pp. 3234 (quote p. 33).

"the conflagration...taken refuge": Abner Doubleday, Reminiscences of Forts Sumter and Moultrie in 1860'61 (New York: Harper & Bros., 1876), p. 157.

Thirty-four hours after...surrendered: Robert Anderson to Simon Cameron, April 18, 1860, OR, Ser. 1, Vol. I, p. 12.

a dignified fifty-round salute: Entry of April 14, 1861, Diary of Edmund Ruffin, Vol. I, ed. William Kauffmann Scarborough (Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 1972), p. 599; Robert Anderson to Simon Cameron, April 18, 1860, OR, Ser. 1, Vol. I, p. 12.

only one Union soldier: David S. Heidler and Jeanne T. Heidler, "Fort Sumter, Bombardment of 1214 April 1861," in Encyclopedia of the American Civil War: A Political, Social, and Military History, ed. David S. Heidler and Jeanne T. Heidler (New York and London: W. W. Norton, 2000), p. 760. Another soldier was mortally wounded in the explosion.

"it would be...of his friend": Hamilton Ba.s.so, Beauregard: The Great Creole (New York and London: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1933), p. 84.

Convinced that..."the general public": "Result of G.V. Fox's Plan for Reinforcing Fort Sumpter," in Confidential Correspondence of Gustavus Vasa Fox, p. 41.

"by an accident...justified by the result": AL to Gustavus V. Fox, in CW, IV, pp. 35051.

"but beyond...no using of force": AL, "First Inaugural Address-Final Text," March 4, 1861, in ibid., p. 266.

fatalities: "The Price in Blood: Casualties in the Civil War," www.civilwarhome/casualties.htm., accessed July 2005.

CHAPTER 13: "THE BALL HAS OPENED"

"where the great lamps...question of disunion": Walt Whitman, Specimen Days, The Complete Prose Works of Walt Whitman, Vol. I (New York: G. P. Putnam's Sons, 1902), pp. 2830.

"Our people now...is dead": Daily National Intelligencer, Was.h.i.+ngton, D.C., April 15, 1861.

"The ball has opened...their gla.s.ses": NYT, April 13, 1861.

cabinet session..."to invite disaster": Seward, Reminiscences of a War-Time Statesman and Diplomat, p. 152.

"history tells us...lose their heads": WHS, quoted in entry for March 26, 1861, in Russell, My Diary North and South, p. 35.

set the Fourth of July..."by the Executive": Seward, Reminiscences of a War-Time Statesman and Diplomat, p. 152.

Nicolay made a copy: JGN to TB, April 14, 1861, container 2, Nicolay Papers.

stamped the great seal...following day: Seward, Reminiscences of a War-Time Statesman and Diplomat, p. 152.

Lincoln took a carriage ride: JGN to TB, April 14, 1861, container 2, Nicolay Papers.

he welcomed his old rival...would be dead: Sandburg, Abraham Lincoln: The War Years, Vol. I, p. 213; entry for June 3, 1861, in Long, The Civil War Day by Day, p. 82.

his solid support..."maintain the Government": Daily Morning Chronicle, Was.h.i.+ngton, D.C., October 16, 1864.

"In this hour...treason and traitors": New York Leader (first quote) and Boston Herald (second quote), reprinted in NYTrib, April 15, 1861.

"The response...by telegraph": Seward, Reminiscences of a War-Time Statesman and Diplomat, p. 153.

"We begin to look...a week ago": Entry for April 15, 1861, Diary of George Templeton Strong, Vol. III, pp. 12021.

Seward predicted...in sixty days: Carpenter, "A Day with Governor Seward," Seward Papers.

"be b.l.o.o.d.y...and ruin": "Was.h.i.+ngton Correspondence, 16 April 1861," in Hay, Lincoln's Journalist, p. 58.

"for the wicked...Southern States": Governor of Kentucky (Beriah Magoffin), quoted in Seward, Reminiscences of a War-Time Statesman and Diplomat, p. 154.

Virginia seceded from the Union: Long, The Civil War Day by Day, p. 60.

"one of the most...history": J. G. Randall, Lincoln the President. Vol. I: Springfield to Gettysburg, part I (New York: Dodd, Mead & Co., 194655; New York: Da Capo Press, 1997), p. 357.