The Recent Mammals Of Tamaulipas, Mexico Part 10

Hist., Publ. 155, Zool. Ser., 10:63, January.

_Distribution in Tamaulipas._--Southern part of state, north at least to vicinity of Jimenez.

Hall and Kelson (1959:151) listed a place 12 kilometers west and 8 kilometers north of Ciudad Victoria as the northernmost locality of record for _Desmodus_, but three specimens from Cueva La Esperanza, 6 kilometers southwest of Rancho Santa Rosa, are from a site slightly to the northwestward (12 mi.) of the locality first mentioned and a specimen from 13 miles west and six and a half miles north of Jimenez represents the northeasternmost known occurrence of _Desmodus_ in eastern Mexico.

Most of the vampires examined in this study were taken in caves; those from four miles southwest of Padilla were obtained from a hollow tree.

Nine specimens were collected in a small cave 70 kilometers south of Ciudad Victoria on January 18, when water on the floor of the cave was frozen; the bats were congregated on the ceiling at a height of 20 feet. In a cave in the Sierra de Tamaulipas, 16 miles west and three miles south of Piedra, females and young were found some 50 yards from the entrance; _Natalus stramineus_ and _Glossophaga soricina_ were obtained from the same cave. In another cave only half a kilometer distant, 12 males were collected. In Cueva La Mula, _Desmodus_ was found near the mouth, whereas _Ch.o.e.ronycteris mexicana_ and two _Tadarida brasiliensis_ were collected in the deepest part. At Cueva La Esperanza, 300 feet deep and on the east side of the Sierra Madre Oriental, four different congregations of vampires were found along with about 400 _Natalus_. A male _Desmodus_ obtained in a cave 13 miles west and six and a half miles north of Jimenez also was a.s.sociated with _Natalus_.

Females with embryos or in lactation were collected as follows: Rancho Pano Ayuctle, March 10, one pregnant female (embryo 40 mm. in crown-rump length); Rio Sabinas, May 23, two pregnant females (embryos 36 and 43 mm.); Sierra de Tamaulipas, June 13, five lactating females and one female taken alive that gave birth on June 16 to one young; Cueva La Mula, August, nine lactating females. A male from the Sierra Madre that was obtained on January 5 had testes 8 mm. long.

The average weight of 21 adults from four miles southwest of Padilla was 39.1 (32.0-44.5) grams.

_Records of occurrence._--Specimens examined, 107: 3 mi. W, 6.5 mi. N Jimenez, 1250 ft., 1; Rio Soto la Marina, 4 mi. SW Padilla, 800 ft., 23; Cueva La Esperanza, 6 km. SW Rancho Santa Rosa, 360 m., 3; Cueva Los Troncones, 8 km. N, 12 km.

W Cd. Victoria, Sierra Madre Oriental, 2500 ft., 2; Cd.

Victoria, 1; Sierra Madre Oriental, 1900 ft., 5 mi. S, 3 mi.

W Cd. Victoria, 3; La Mula, 13 mi. N Jaumave, 19; Cueva La Mula, 10 km. W Joya Verde, 2400 ft., 16; Joya Verde, 35 km.

SW [Cd.] Victoria, 3800 ft., 6; Sierra de Tamaulipas, 1400 ft., 3 mi. S, 16 mi. W Piedra, 10; 70 km. S Cd. Victoria (_via_ Highway), 6 km. W of Highway, 5; Rancho Pano Ayuctle, 6 mi. N Gomez Farias, 300 ft., 7; cave near headwaters Rio Sabinas, 10 km. N, 8 km. W El Encino, 400 ft., 11.

Additional records (Malaga and Villa, 1957:539): Cueva La Sepultura, 7.5 km. NNW and hence 7 km. SSW (_via_ highway) Cd. Victoria; El Ojo de Agua, at km. 10 on Valles-Tampico highway; Cueva del Abra, 2 km. SSW Cd. Mante.

=Diphylla ecaudata= Spix

Hairy-legged Vampire

1823. _Diphylla ecaudata_ Spix, Simiarum et vespertilionum Brasiliensium ..., p. 68, type locality, Brazil, restricted to Rio San Francisco, Baia, by Cabrera (Rev. Mus. Argentino Cien. Nat., 4:94, March 27, 1958).

_Distribution in Tamaulipas._--Southern and central parts of state.

The hairy-legged vampire was first reported from Tamaulipas by de la Torre (1954:114), who recorded a male from five miles northeast of Antiguo Morelos, near El Pachon. Later in the same year Martin and Martin (1954:585) listed another male from El Pachon. Subsequently, Malaga and Villa (1957:543) reported specimens from two additional localities in the state, one of which (Cueva de la Sepultura) provides the northernmost place from which the species has been recorded. Malaga and Villa remarked that the species was abundant at Cueva de la Sepultura, being found in small groups clinging to the roof of the cave. Two females taken there on November 11 carried one embryo each; a lactating female was taken on November 14. The vampire, _Desmodus rotundus_, also was taken at Cueva de la Sepultura.

I follow Burt and Stirton (1961:37) in treating _Diphylla ecaudata_ as a monotypic species.

_Records_: Cueva de la Sepultura, 7.5 km. NNW and hence 7 km. SSW (_via_ highway) Cd. Victoria (Malaga and Villa, 1957:543); 5 mi. NE Antiguo Morelos, near El Pachon (de la Torre, 1954:114); El Pachon (Martin and Martin, 1954:585); Cueva de Quintero, 4 km. SSW Quintero (Malaga and Villa, 1957:543).

=Natalus stramineus saturatus= Dalquest and Hall

Mexican Funnel-eared Bat

1949. _Natalus mexicanas saturatus_ Dalquest and Hall, Proc.

Biol. Soc. Was.h.i.+ngton, 62:153, August 23, type from 3 km. E San Andres Tuxtla, 1000 ft., Veracruz.

1959. _Natalus stramineus saturatus_, Goodwin, Amer. Mus.

Novit., 1977:7, December 22.

_Distribution in Tamaulipas._--Central and southwestern parts of state.

All specimens examined were obtained from caves. At Cueva la Esperanza, approximately 400 individuals were found along with individuals of _Desmodus rotundus_; _Natalus_ and _Desmodus_ also were collected together in a cave approximately 30 yards deep three miles south and 14 miles west of Piedra, and in a cave six and a half miles north and 13 miles west of Jimenez, the northernmost locality from which _N.

stramineus_ is presently known.

Tamaulipan specimens do not differ significantly in external or cranial measurements in comparison with the specimens from Veracruz reported by Dalquest and Hall (1949:154), but do differ in color. Most are in the gray phase and are Avellaneus (grayish with yellowish hairs mixed) instead of Clay Color as are specimens from Veracruz; those few in the red phase are between Clay Color and Tawny-Olive instead of between Burnt Sienna and Chestnut. By consequence, bats from Tamaulipas resemble in color the smaller _N. s. mexica.n.u.s_ of western Mexico to a greater degree than they resemble _N. s. saturatus_, but I follow Goodwin (1959:7).

Dalquest and Hall (1949:154) reported the specimen from eight kilometers northeast of Antiguo Morelos as from San Luis Potosi, from which state the collector (Dalquest) evidently thought it had originated. Actually the place eight kilometers northeast of Antiguo Morelos is in Tamaulipas.

_Records of occurrence._--Specimens examined, 64: 6.5 mi. N, 13 mi. W Jimenez, 1250 ft., 14; Cueva de la Esperanza, 6 km.

SW Rancho Santa Rosa, 360 m., 20; Sierra de Tamaulipas, 3 mi. S, 16 mi. W Piedra, 1400 ft., 7; 3 mi. S, 14 mi. W Piedra, 2; Ejido Ojo de Agua, 20 mi. N, 3 km. W El Mante, 300 ft., 20; 8 km. NE Antiguo Morelos, 500 ft., 1.

Additional records (Goodwin, 1959:8): Antiguo Morelos; El Pachon.

=Myotis velifer incautus= (J. A. Allen)

Cave Myotis

1896. _Vespertilio incautus_ J. A. Allen, Bull. Amer. Mus.

Nat. Hist., 8:239, November 21, type from San Antonio, Bexar Co., Texas.

1928. _Myotis velifer incautus_, Miller and Allen, Bull. U.

S. Nat. Mus., 144:92, May 25.

_Distribution in Tamaulipas._--Probably most of northern part of state; presently known only from three localities.

The two specimens examined from the Sierra de Tamaulipas were taken in a mist net in which _Eptesicus fuscus_, _Myotis keenii_, and _Tadarida brasiliensis_ also were captured. Both are females, one of which was lactating (June 20). Specimens from San Fernando probably were taken in houses by natives, who brought the bats to the collectors (Clifton and Bodley). The maxillary tooth-row and tibia are shorter, breadth across M3 narrower, and ear slightly longer in Tamaulipan specimens than in those for which measurements were given by Miller and Allen (1928:95), but the Tamaulipan specimens do not differ otherwise. The color in general is slightly more brownish than in Texan _incautus_, but about as in Oklahoman specimens examined. Three from San Fernando, Tamaulipas, are darker than others from that state.

The average weight of 12 non-pregnant females from San Fernando was 11.0 (9.5-13) grams. The only male obtained at the same locality weighed 12 grams.

_Measurements._--Six females from San Fernando afford the following measurements: 100.0 (95-107); 42.5 (38-46); 10.3 (10-11); 15.3 (14.5-16); length of tibia, 17.4 (16.5-18.9); length of forearm, 44.8 (43.4-45.7); greatest length of skull, 16.5 (16.1-16.9); condylobasal length, 15.6 (15.3-15.8); least interorbital constriction, 4.0 (3.9-4.1); mastoid breadth, 8.3 (8.1-8.6); length of maxillary tooth-row, 6.5 (6.3-6.7); breadth across M3, 6.5 (6.0-6.9).

_Records of occurrence._--Specimens examined, 15: San Fernando, 180 ft., 13; Sierra de Tamaulipas, 10 mi. W, 2 mi.

S Piedra, 1200 ft., 2.

Additional record: Soto la Marina (Miller and Allen, 1928:93).

=Myotis keenii auriculus= Baker and Stains

Keen's Myotis

1955. _Myotis evotis auriculus_ Baker and Stains, Univ.

Kansas Publ., Mus. Nat. Hist., 9:83, December 10, type from 10 m. W, 2 mi. S Piedra, 1200 ft., Sierra de Tamaulipas, Tamaulipas.

1960. _Myotis keenii auriculus_, Findley, Jour. Mamm., 41:18, February.

_Distribution in Tamaulipas._--Known only from type locality (2 specimens), but probably widely distributed in western part of state.

The two specimens known from Tamaulipas were caught in a mist net stretched across a narrow, brush-bordered arroyo in the Sierra de Tamaulipas. I tentatively follow Findley (1960) in arranging _auriculus_ as a subspecies of _M. keenii_.

_Records of occurrence._--Specimens examined, the holotype and one topotype.