A Beautiful Mind Part 25

27. Interviews with Neuwirth and F. Browder, 11.2.95.

28. Jurgen Moser, professor of mathematics, Eidgenossische Techische Hochschule, Zurich, interview, 3.23.96.

29. Marvin Minsky, professor of science, MIT, interview, 2.13.96.

30. Herta Newman, interview, 3.2.96.

31. Andrew Browder, professor of mathematics, Brown University, interview, 6.18.97.

32. Haber, interview.

33. Flatto, interview.

34. D. Newman, interview, 2.4.96.

35. Zipporah Levinson, interview, 9.11.95.

36. Neuwirth, interview.

37. D. Newman, interview.

38. Ibid.

39. Lawrence Wallen, professor of mathematics, University of Hawaii, interviews, 5.20.97 and 6.4.97.

40. Kohn, interview.

41. H. F. Mattson, professor of computer science, Syracuse University, interview, 5.16.97; also Wallen, interview.

42. J. C. Lagarias, "The Leo Collection: Anecdote and Stories," AT&T Bell Laboratories, 4.29.95 (Xerox).

43. Mattuck, interview, 5.21.95, and Neuwirth, interview.

44. Neuwirth, interview.

45. The sketch of Donald J. Newman is based on an interview with him and on interviews with Flatto, Kohn, Mattuck, Singer, and Harold S. Shapiro, professor of mathematics, Royal Inst.i.tute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden, e-mail, 5.21.97.

46. Singer, interview, 12.13.95.

47. Mattuck, interview, 11.7.95.

48. D. Newman, interview, 3.2.96.

49. Helgason, interview, 12.3.94; also interviews with Mattuck and Singer.

50. Flatto, interview.

51. Ibid.

52. Ibid.

53. Singer, interview.

54. Haber, interview.

55. Ibid.

56. Flatto, interview.

57. Ibid.

58. Ibid.

59. Neuwirth, interview.

60. Ibid.

61. D. Newman, interview, 3.2.96.

62. Ibid.

63. H. Newman, interview.

64. Fred Brauer, professor of mathematics, University of Wisconsin, interview, 5.22.97.

18: Experiments

1. Harold N. Shapiro, professor of mathematics, Courant Inst.i.tute, interview, 2.20.96.

2. John Milnor, interview, 9.26.95.

3. The account of the cross-country trip is based largely on recollections of Martha Nash Legg, interviews, 8.29.95 and 3.29.96, and Ruth Hincks Morgenson, interview, 6.22.97.

4. John Nash to Harold Kuhn, personal communication, 6.24.97; also Morgenson, interview.

5. M. Legg, interview.

6. Ibid.

7. Ibid.

8. Ibid.; Milnor, interview.

9. John M. Danskin, interview, 10.29.95.

10. M. Legg, interview.

11. Ibid.

12. John Milnor, "Games Against Nature," in Decision Processes, Decision Processes, edited by R. M. Thrall, C. H. Coombs, and R. L. Davis (New York: John Wiley & Sons, 1954). edited by R. M. Thrall, C. H. Coombs, and R. L. Davis (New York: John Wiley & Sons, 1954).

13. "Some Games and Machines for Playing Them," RAND Memorandum, D-l 164, 2.2.52.

14. John Nash and R. M. Thrall, "Some War Games," RAND Memorandum, D-l379, 9.10.52.

15. G. Kalisch, J. Milnor, J. Nash, and E. Nering, "Some Experimental N-Person Games," RAND Memorandum, RM-948, 8.25.52.

16. M. Legg, interview.

17. The description of the experiment is based on, apart from the original paper, Evar Nering, professor of mathematics, University of Minnesota, interview, 6.18.96; R. Duncan Luce and Howard Raiffa, Games and Decisions Games and Decisions (New York: John Wiley & Sons, 1957), pp. 25969; John H. Kagel and Alvin E. Roth, (New York: John Wiley & Sons, 1957), pp. 25969; John H. Kagel and Alvin E. Roth, The Handbook of Experimental Economics, The Handbook of Experimental Economics, op. cit., pp. 1011. op. cit., pp. 1011.

18. Kagel and Roth, op. cit.

19. Milnor, interview, 10.28.94.

20. John Milnor, "A n.o.bel Prize for John Nash," op. cit.

21. See, for example, Kagel and Roth, op. cit.

22. Milnor, interview, 1.27.98.

23. Letter from John Nash to John Milnor, 12.27.64.

19: Reds

1. Zipporah Levinson, interview, 9.11.95.

2. Hearing before Committee on Un-American Activities, House of Representatives, Was.h.i.+ngton, D.C., 4.22.53 and 4.23.53. Unless otherwise noted, all references to the hearing are based on this transcript.

3. David Halberstam, The Fifties, The Fifties, op. cit. op. cit.

4. Letter from Harold W. Dodds, president, Princeton University, to Colonel S. R. Gerard, Screening Division, Western Industrial Personnel Security Board, 10.14.54, Princeton University Archives.

5. See, for example, F. David Peat, Infinite Potential: The Life and Times of David Bohm Infinite Potential: The Life and Times of David Bohm (Reading, Ma.s.s.: Addison Wesley, 1997). (Reading, Ma.s.s.: Addison Wesley, 1997).

6. Z. Levinson, interview.

7. Ibid. See also Felix Browder, interview, 11.10.95.

8. Z. Levinson, interview.

9. Ibid.

10. The Tech, The Tech, spring 1953, various issues. spring 1953, various issues.

11. Z. Levinson, interview.

12. Ibid.

13. William Ted Martin, interview.

14. Z. Levinson, interview.

15. Fred Brauer, e-mail, 6.23.97; Arthur H. Copeland, professor of mathematics, University of New Hamps.h.i.+re, e-mail, 6.24.97; Arthur Mattuck, e-mail, 6.25.97.

16. John Nash, plenary lecture, World Congress of Psychiatry, Madrid, 8.26.96, op. cit.

20: Geometry

1. Letter from Warren Ambrose to Paul Halmos, undated (written spring 1953).

2. The portrait of Ambrose is based on the recollections of Isadore Singer, 2.13.95; Lawrence Wallen, 6.4.97; Felix Browder, 11.2.95; Zipporah Levinson, 9.11.95; William Ted Martin, 9.7.95; H. F. Mattson, 10.29.97, 11.18.97, 11.28.97; Gian-Carlo Rota, 10.94; George Mackey, 12.14.95.

3. See, for example, I. M. Singer and H. Wu, "A Tribute to Warren Ambrose," Notices of the AMS Notices of the AMS (April 1996). (April 1996).

4. Robert Aumann, interview, 6.28.95.

5. Gabriel Stolzenberg, professor of mathematics, Northeastern University, interview, 4.2.96.

6. Leopold Flatto, interview, 4.15.96. See also "The Leo Collection: Anecdotes and Stories," AT&T Bell Laboratories, 4.29.94.

7. Ibid.

8. George Mackey, interview, 12.14.95.

9. Felix Browder, interview, 11.2.95.

10. Flatto, interview.

11. Despite its apocryphal ring, the story appears to be true and has been confirmed by Nash. Harold Kuhn, personal communication, 8.97.

12. Armand Borel, professor of mathematics, Inst.i.tute for Advanced Study, interview, 3.1.96.

13. F. Browder, interview.

14. Ibid.

15. Joseph Kohn, interview, 7.19.95. Phrasing the question precisely, Ambrose would have used the adverb "isometrically" - meaning "to preserve distances" - after "embedding."

16. Shlomo Sternberg, professor of mathematics, Harvard University, interview, 3.5.96.

17. Mikhail Gromov, interview. 12.16.97.