Trees of Indiana Part 20

Round topped shrub or tree sometimes 8 meters (25 feet) high.

Specimens have been seen from the following counties: Delaware and Lagrange (Deam).

[Ill.u.s.tration: Plate 85.

CRATaeGUS CHRYSOCARPA Ashe. Round-leaved Thorn. ( 1/2.)]

[Ill.u.s.tration: Plate 86.

CRATaeGUS VIRIDIS Linnaeus. Southern Thorn. ( 1/2.)]

=10. Crataegus viridis= Linnaeus. Southern Thorn. Plate 86. Bark gray to light orange; spines uncommon, 2-5 cm. (3/4-3-1/4 inches) long; leaves oblong-ovate, 2-8 cm. (3/4-3-1/4 inches) long, 2-5 cm. (1/2-2 inches) wide, acute, ac.u.minate or even obtuse at the apex, serrate or doubly serrate, often with acute or obtuse lobes towards the apex, dark green, s.h.i.+ning and slightly impressed veined above, sometimes p.u.b.escent along the veins beneath; petioles 1-2 cm. (3/8-3/4 inch) long, slightly winged above; corymbs glabrous, many flowered; flowers appear in May, 1-1.5 cm. (1/2-2/3 inch) broad; stamens about 20; anthers usually yellow, sometimes pink; styles and nutlets 4 or 5; calyx lobes lanceolate-ac.u.minate, entire, slightly p.u.b.escent inside; fruit ripens in October, globose or compressed-globose, bright red or orange, glaucous, 4-6 mm. (1/4 inch) thick, flesh thin, hard, edible.

=Distribution.=--Moist, alluvial soil along streams and lakes, southeastern Virginia to northern Florida and southwestern Indiana to eastern Kansas and Texas.

A tree from 6-11 m. (20-35 feet) high, with ascending branches and a broad crown.

Specimens have been examined from the following counties: Dubois (Deam); Gibson (Schneck), (Deam); Knox (Schneck); Posey (Deam).

=11. Crataegus nitida= (Engelmann) Sargent. s.h.i.+ning Thorn. Plate 87.

Bark dark and scaly; spines occasional, 3-5 cm. (1-2 inches) long; leaves oblong-ovate to oval, 3-8 cm. (1-1/4-3 inches) long, 2-6 cm.

(3/4-2-1/4 inches) wide, acute at the apex, cuneate at the base, coa.r.s.ely serrate or twice serrate with acute lobes towards the apex, dark green and s.h.i.+ning above, glabrous; petioles 1-2 cm. (3/8-3/4 inch) long, slightly winged above, slightly villous when young; corymbs glabrous, many-flowered; flowers appear in May, 1.2-2 cm. (1/2-3/4 inch) broad; stamens about 20; anthers light yellow; styles and nutlets 3-5; calyx lobes lanceolate-ac.u.minate, entire; fruit ripens in October, globose to short-ellipsoidal, dark dull red, 6-9 mm. (1/4-1/2 inch) thick; flesh yellow, mealy, hard.

=Distribution.=--River bottoms southwestern Indiana to southern Illinois. A tree sometimes 9 m. (30 feet) high, with ascending and spreading branches and a broad crown.

Specimens have been seen from Gibson (Schneck); Posey (Deam).

[Ill.u.s.tration: Plate 87.

CRATaeGUS NITIDA (Engelmann) Sargent. s.h.i.+ning Thorn. ( 1/2.)]

[Ill.u.s.tration: Plate 88.

CRATaeGUS MACROSPERMA Ashe. Variable Thorn. ( 1/2.)]

=12. Crataegus macrosperma= Ashe. Variable Thorn. Plate 88. Bark brown, scaly; spines numerous, stout, curved, 2-7 cm. (3/4-2-3/4 inches) long; leaves broadly elliptical-ovate to broadly ovate, 2-7 cm. (3/4-2-3/4 inches) long and wide, acute at the apex, rounded, truncate or rarely cordate at the base, serrate or doubly serrate, slightly villous, becoming glabrate, dark yellow-green above, membranaceous; petioles slender, 2-3 cm. (1/2-1-1/4 inches) long, slightly winged above; corymbs glabrous or slightly villous, many-flowered; flowers appear in May, 1.5-2 cm. (1/2-3/4 inch) broad; stamens 5-20, usually 5-10; styles and nutlets usually 3 or 4; calyx lobes lanceolate-ac.u.minate, entire; fruit ripens in August or September, ellipsoidal or pyriform, scarlet to crimson, often glaucous, 1-1.8 cm. (1/3-3/4 inch) thick, flesh succulent, edible; calyx lobes persistent, erect or spreading.

=Distribution.=--Nova Scotia and Maine to southeastern Minnesota and south in the mountains to North Carolina and Tennessee.

Usually a large shrub but occasionally a small tree, sometimes 8 m. (25 feet) high, with ascending branches.

Specimens have been seen from the following counties: Allen (Deam); Bartholomew (Deam); Clark (Deam); Decatur (Deam); Fulton (Deam); Hanc.o.c.k (Mrs. Chas. C. Deam); Madison (Deam); Porter (Deam); Randolph (Deam); Shelby (Mrs. Chas. C. Deam); Was.h.i.+ngton (Deam); Wells (Deam); Whitley (Deam).

=Crataegus macrosperma= Ashe. var. =matura= (Sargent) Eggleston. Lobes of the leaves ac.u.minate, often recurved; fruit ripens early.

=Distribution.=--Known in Indiana only from Deam's specimen No. 14187 from Wells County.

=13. Crataegus basilca= Beadle. (_Crataegus alnorum_ Sargent.

_Crataegus Edsoni_ Sargent). Edson's Thorn. Plate 89. Bark brown, scaly; spines 2.5-4 cm. (1-1-1/2 inches) long, stout, curved; leaves ovate, 3-7 cm. (1-1/4-2-3/4 inches) long, acute at the apex, broadly cuneate or truncate at base, serrate or doubly serrate with acute lobes, dull dark yellow-green above, paler beneath; corymbs glabrous, many flowered; flowers 15-20 mm. (5/8-7/8 inch) broad; stamens about 20; anthers pink; styles and nutlets 3-5; fruit subglobose, slightly angular, dark cherry-red, 12-15 mm. (1/2-5/8 inch) thick, flesh succulent; calyx lobes erect or spreading.

=Distribution.=--New England to southern Michigan, northern Indiana and Pennsylvania to mountains of North Carolina and Tennessee.

A broad shrub or small tree sometimes 4.5 meters (15 feet) high, branches ascending.

Specimens examined: Wells (Deam).

[Ill.u.s.tration: Plate 89.

CRATaeGUS BASILICA Beadle. Edson's Thorn. ( 1/2.)]

[Ill.u.s.tration: Plate 90.

CRATaeGUS JESUPI Sargent. Jesup's Thorn. ( 1/2.)]

=14. Crataegus Jesupi= Sargent. Jesup's Thorn. Twin Mountain Thorn.

Plate 90. Bark grayish-brown; spines stout, straight 2-4 cm. (3/4-1-1/2 inches) long; leaves elliptical-ovate, 3.5-7 cm. (1-1/2-3 inches) long, 2-5.5 cm. (1-2 inches) wide, acute or ac.u.minate at the apex, broadly cuneate to truncate-cordate, serrate or doubly serrate, with 4 or 5 pairs of acute lobes, yellow-green above, paler beneath, glabrous; petioles slender, 2-3.5 cm. (3/4-1-1/2 inches) long, slightly winged above; corymbs glabrous, many-flowered; flowers appear in May, about 2 cm. (5/6 inch) broad; stamens about 10; anthers dark red; styles and nutlets usually 3 or 4; calyx lobes entire; fruit ripens in October, short-ellipsoidal to pyriform, dark red, slightly angled, lacking bloom when mature, about 1 cm. (3/8 inch) thick, flesh yellow, firm; calyx lobes mostly deciduous.

=Distribution.=--Western Vermont, to southwestern Wisconsin and south to Pennsylvania and Owen County, Indiana.

A shrubby tree, sometimes 6 m. (20 feet) high, with ascending branches and a round crown.

Specimens examined: Owen (Mrs. Chas. C. Deam).

=15. Crataegus rugsa= Ashe. (_Crataegus deltoides_ Ashe). Fretz's Thorn. Plate 91. Spines numerous, 3-6 cm. (1-1/4-2-1/2 inches) long, stout curved; leaves broadly ovate, 3-7 cm. (1-2-3/4 inches) long and broad, acute or ac.u.minate at the apex, cordate or truncate at the base, serrate or twice serrate with 4-6 pairs of broad ac.u.minate lobes, glabrous, membranaceous; petioles 1-3 cm. (3/8-1-1/4 inches) long, glabrous; corymbs many-flowered, glabrous; flowers appear in May, about 2 cm. (5/6 inch) broad; stamens 10-20; anthers pink; styles and nutlets usually 4 or 5; calyx lobes deltoid-ac.u.minate, entire or slightly serrate at the base; fruit ripens in October, depressed-globose, bright red, angular, glabrous, waxy, 1-1.5 cm. (1/2-2/3 inch) thick, flesh yellow, somewhat succulent; calyx lobes persistent, spreading, the tube rather prominent.

=Distribution.=--Southwestern New England to southern Indiana and the mountains of North Carolina.

A shrub or tree sometimes 6 m. (20 feet) high, with ascending branches and an irregular crown.

Specimens examined: Allen (Deam); Decatur (Deam); Grant (Deam); Jennings (Deam); Owen (Deam); Perry (Deam); Wells (Deam).

=16. Crataegus filipes= Ashe. Miss Beckwith's Thorn. (_Crataegus silvicola_ var. _Beckwithae_ (Sargent) Eggleston). Plate 92. Spines numerous, curved, chestnut-brown, 2.5 to 6 cm. (1-2-1/2 inches) long; bark slightly scaly; leaves 2-7 cm. (3/4-2-3/4 inches) long, 2-6 cm.

(3/4-2-1/2 inches) wide; leaves ovate, acute or ac.u.minate at apex, rounded, truncate or on vegetative shoots cordate at base, serrate or doubly serrate, lower pair of ac.u.minate lobes often deeply cut, membranaceous, glabrous; corymbs glabrous; flowers about 2 cm. (3/4 inch) broad; stamens about 10; anthers pink; styles and nutlets 3-5; fruit globose or compressed-globose, cherry-red, 8-10 mm. (1/3 inch) thick, ripens in October.

[Ill.u.s.tration: Plate 91.

CRATaeGUS RUGOSA Ashe. Fretz's Thorn. ( 1/2.)]

[Ill.u.s.tration: Plate 92.

CRATaeGUS FILIPES Ashe. Miss Beckwith's Thorn. ( 1/2.)]

=Distribution.=--Western New England to central Michigan and south to Pennsylvania and southern Indiana.

A shrub or tree sometimes 9 meters (30 feet) high, with irregular ascending branches.

Specimens have been seen from Perry County, Deam's No. 27104.

=17. Crataegus Gattingeri= Ashe. (_Crataegus coccinea_ var. _oligandra_ Torrey and Gray). Dr. Clapp's Thorn. Gattinger's Thorn. Plate 93. Spines numerous, 2.5-6 cm. (1-2 inches) long; leaves narrowly ovate to deltoid, 2.5-6 cm. (1-2-1/2 inches) long, 2-5 cm. (3/4-2 inches) wide, ac.u.minate at the apex, broadly cuneate or rounded at the base, serrate or doubly serrate, lobed towards the apex, membranaceous, glabrous, dark green above; petioles glabrous, 2-3 cm. (3/4-1-1/4 inches) long; corymbs glabrous, many-flowered; flowers appear in May, about 2 cm. (3/4 inch) broad; stamens 10-20; anthers small, pink; styles and nutlets usually 3 or 4; fruit ripens in October, globose, angular, red, slightly waxy, 0.8-1.2 cm. (1/3-1/2 inch) thick, flesh hard; calyx tube prominent, the lobes triangular, spreading.