A Literary and Historical Atlas of Asia Part 16

=Sanjan=, Bombay. 20N. 73E. Visited by Polish scholar, Hove, 1787. Taken by Portuguese, 1534.

=Sante Bennur=, Madras. 14N. 76E. Taken by Hyder Ali, 1761; by Mahrattas, 1791.

=Santipur=, Bengal. 23N. 88E. Res. of Chaitanya, and bp. of Adyaita.

=Sarafand=, Syria. 33N. 35E. Ancient city, known in the Bible as Zareptath. (See Thomson's 'Land and the Book.')

=Sardhana=, United Provs. 29N. 78E. Celebrated as res. of Begam Sumru.

=Sardis=, Asia Minor. 39N. 28E. Occupied by Cyrus, 548 B.C.; burned by Ionians, c. 409 B.C.; destroyed by Tamerlane, 1402. Mentioned by aeschylus and Herodotus; res. of Xerxes; contains ruins of temple of Cybele and tomb of Alyattes.

=Sa.s.seram= ('one thousand toys'), Bengal. 25N. 84E. Contains tombs of Sher Shah and his father.

=Satyamangalam=, Madras. 11N. 77E. Taken by Hyder Ali, 1768; by Tippoo Sahib, 1790.

=Savandurga=, Madras. 13N. 77E. Captured by Lord Cornwallis, 1791.

=Selefke=, Asiatic Turkey. 36N. 34E. F. by Seleucus Nicator; bp. of Xenarchus.

=Seleucia Pieria=, Asia Minor. 36N. 36E. F. by Seleucus Nicator; captured by Ptolemy Euergetes, 246 B.C.; by Antiochus the Great, 219 B.C.

=Seoul=, Korea. 38N. 127E. Capital of Korea since 1392. Contains fine temple of Confucius. (See Diosy's 'New Far East,' McKenzie's 'From Tokyo to Tiflis,' Little's 'Far East.')

=Sephora=, Palestine. 33N. 35E. Mentioned in the Bible; visited by Lamartine, 1832.

=Seringapatam= ('city of Vishnu'), Mysore. 12N. 77E. Besieged by Lord Cornwallis, 1792; taken by British and Tippoo Sahib killed, 1799.

Contains ancient temple of Vishnu, and tombs of Hyder Ali and Tippoo Sahib.

=Seroda=, Bombay. 15N. 74E. Res. of Sir R. Burton; described in 'Goa and the Blue Mountains.'

=Sha River=, Manchuria. 42N. 123E. Russians under General Kuropatkin conquered by j.a.panese, 1904.

=Shahabad=, United Provs. 28N. 80E. F. by Diler Khan, whose tomb is here, 1677; visited by Bishop Heber, 1824.

=Shang-hai= ('above the sea'), China. 31N. 121E. Taken by Triads, 1853; occupied by British and French, 1860. (See Little's 'Far East.')

=Shehr=, Arabia. 15N. 50E. City described in 'Travels of Marco Polo' as Escier.

=Shehr-i-Sebz=, Turkestan. 39N. 67E. F. on site of Kesh, bp. of Tamerlane.

=s.h.i.+moga=, Madras. 14N. 76E. Captured by Mahrattas, 1798; destroyed by Dhundia Wagh, 1799.

=s.h.i.+monosoki=, j.a.pan. 34N. 131E. Bombarded by American, British, Dutch, and French fleet, 1864; treaty signed here, 1895. (See McKenzie's 'From Tokyo to Tiflis,' Little's 'Far East.')

=s.h.i.+raz=, Persia. 30N. 53E. F. c. 697; capital of Persia, 1760. Near by are tombs of Saadi and Hafiz.

=s.h.i.+vner=, Bombay. 19N. 74E. Bp. of Sivaji.

=Sholapur=, Bombay. 18N. 76E. The Baji Rao suffered defeat at hands of British, 1818.

=Shwebo=, Upper Burma. 23N. 96E. Bp. of Maung Aung Zeya.

=Sidon=, Syria. 34N. 35E. Taken by Crusaders, 1110; by Saladin, 1187; recaptured by Crusaders, 1197; destroyed by Mongols, 1260; captured by Mussulmans, 1291; bombarded by Napier, 1840; persecution of Christians, 1860. (See Thomson's 'Land and the Book,' Volney's 'Voyage en Syrie et en Egypte.')

=Sikandarabad=, United Provs. 28N. 78E. F. by Sikandar Lodi, 1498; suffered during Mutiny, 1857.

=Sikandra=, United Provs. 27N. 78E. Res. of Sikandar Lodi, and contains tomb of Akbar.

=Siloam=, Palestine. 32N. 35E. Pool near Jerusalem mentioned in the Bible.

(See Mark Twain's 'New Pilgrim's Progress,' Thomson's 'Land and the Book.')

=Simla=, Punjab. 31N. 77E. Fas.h.i.+onable health-resort of Europeans in India, frequently the scene of Kipling's stories, e.g., 'Under the Deodars,' 'The Phantom 'Rickshaw.'

=Sinai, Mount=, Arabia Petraea. 28N. 34E. Mentioned in the Bible as the mountain on which G.o.d revealed himself to Moses. (See Flinders Petrie's 'Researches in Sinai,' also 'Purchas His Pilgrimes,' Volney's 'Voyage en Syrie et en Egypte,' Burckhardt's 'Travels in Syria and the Holy Land.')

=Singapore=, Malay Peninsula. 1N. 104E. F. by Sir Stamford Raffles, 1819; ceded to British by Sultan of Joh.o.r.e, =1824=. (See Kipling's 'From Sea to Sea.')

=Singarh= ('lion's fort'), Bombay. 18N. 74E. Taken by Sivaji, 1647; by Tanaji Malusre, 1670; by British, 1818.

=Singi=, Bengal. 28N. 81E. Bp. of Kasiram Das, translator into Bengali of 'Mahabharata.' (See R. C. Dutt's 'Lit. of Bengal.')

=Sinhur=, Rajputana. 23N. 77E. Jaswaut Rao here attacked Captain Jean Baptiste Filose, 1814.

=Sinope=, Asia Minor. 42N. 35E. F. by Ionians of Miletus, 630 B.C.; unsuccessfully attacked by Mithradates IV., 220 B.C.; captured by Pharnaces, 183 B.C.; by Lucullus, 70 B.C.; fleet and town partially destroyed by Russians, 1853. Bp. of Diogenes.

=Sira=, Madras. 14N. 77E. Taken by Mahrattas, 1757; by Hyder Ali; recaptured by Mahrattas, 1766; by Tippoo Sahib, 1774.

=Sirhind=, Punjab. 31N. 76E. Sarang Khan overcome by Khizr Khan, 1420; Bazid Khan killed by Banda Bairagi, 1708.

=Sivas=, Asiatic Turkey. 40N. 37E. Destroyed by Tamerlane, 1400.

=Skutari=, Asia Minor. 41N. 29E. Scene of Florence Nightingale's activities during Crimean War, 1854-6; destroyed by fire, 1872.

=Smyrna=, Asia Minor. 38N. 27E. Ancient city celebrated by Pindar, Aristides, and Himerius, containing famous relics of Homer. Destroyed by Alyattes, c. 575 B.C.; rebuilt by Antigonus and Lysimachus, but suffered from earthquake, 179; seized by Turks, 1084; conquered by Aidin, c.

1330; by Tamerlane, 1402. (See Kinglake's 'Eothen,' Twain's 'New Pilgrim's Progress,' Lamartine's 'Voyage en Orient,' Montesquieu's 'Lettres Persanes.')

=Sohar=, Arabia. 24N. 57E. Visited by Marco Polo and Ibn Batatu. Occupied by Portuguese, 1508.

=Somnath=, Bombay. 21N. 70E. Pillaged by Mahmud of Ghazni, 1025. Alleged place in which Krishna died.

=Sopara=, Bombay. 19N. 73E. Sacred place of Buddha, and mentioned in the 'Mahabharata.'

=Su-Chau=, China. 31N. 121E. F. c. 500 B.C.; captured by Taiping rebels, 1860; became treaty-port, 1896.

=Sukkur=, Sind. 28N. 69E. Talpurs defeated by Shah Shuja, 1833; British possession, 1842.

=Sur= ('rock'), Palestine. 33N. 35E. Ancient Tyre. Besieged by Nebuchadnezzar II., 572 B.C.; by Alexander the Great, 332 B.C.; captured by Crusaders, 1124; destroyed by Malik al-Ashraf, 1291; suffered from earthquake, 1837. (See Lamartine's 'Voyage en Orient,' Thomson's 'Land and the Book,' Volney's 'Voyage en Syrie et en Egypte,' Hakluyt's 'Voyages.')

=Surat=, Bombay. 21N. 73E. Overcome by Akbar, 1572; British settlement, 1612; under British rule, 1800. (See 'Purchas His Pilgrimes.')