Our Homeland Churches and How to Study Them Part 9

CLERESTORY.

26 Boss.

25 Vaulting Rib.

24 Vault.

23 Vaulting Rib.

22 Tracery of C. Window.

21 Clerestory Window.

20 Sill of Clerestory Window.

19 Base of Jamb, C. Arch.

18 Jamb of C. Arch.

17 Clerestory String.

BLIND STOREY (TRIFORIUM).

16 Capital of Vaulting Shaft.

15 Tracery of Triforium.

14 Triforium Arch.

13 Capital of T. Pier.

12 Pier of Triforium.

11 Triforium String.

GROUND STOREY.

10 Tracery of Aisle Window.

9 Aisle Window.

8 Sill of Aisle Window.

7 Wall Arcade.

6 Vaulting Shaft.

5 Corbel.

4 Pier Arch.

3 Capital of Pier.

2 Pier.

1 Base of Pier.

FOOTNOTES.

1: So called from its "flame"-like appearance, producing forms which resemble elongated tongues of flame. There is great beauty in much of this work, but it is constructionally weak. The finest example is Chartres Cathedral.

APPENDIX.

A GLOSSARY OF THE PRINc.i.p.aL TERMS USED IN ECCLESIASTICAL ARCHITECTURE.

ABACUS Derived from the Greek _Abax_--a tray or flat board, an essential feature of the Grecian and Roman orders, but now used to describe the slab forming the upper part of a column, pier, etc.

ABBEY A term for a union of ecclesiastical buildings, for the housing of those conventual bodies presided over by an abbot or abbess, supposed to be derived from the Hebrew _ab_, "father."

ACANTHUS A plant, the leaves of which are represented in the capitals of the Corinthian orders.

AISLE French _aile_, a wing, the lateral division of a church.

ALMONRY A room where alms were distributed.

ALTAR An elevated table dedicated to the Sacrament of the Holy Eucharist, and usually called the Communion Table.

ALMERY, AUMERY, and AUMBREY A recess or small cupboard in the wall of a church, used to contain the chalices, patens, etc., for the use of the priest. They are sometimes near the _piscina_, but are usually on the opposite side of the chancel.

ANTE-CHAPEL The outer part of a chapel.

APSE The semi-circular or polygonal recess at the east end of the choir or aisles of a church.

ARCADE A series of arches, open or closed with masonry, and supported by columns or piers.

ARCH A construction of bricks or stones so placed as by mutual pressure to support each other and a superinc.u.mbent weight. They may be semi-circular, segmental, elliptical, stilted, horse-shoe, pointed, trefoiled, cinquefoiled, or ogee.

ARCHITRAVE In cla.s.sical architecture, the lowest division of the entablature resting immediately on the abacus of the capital. In Gothic buildings the ornamental mouldings round the openings of doors, windows, etc.

ARCHIVOLT The under surface of the curve of an arch, from impost to impost.

ASHLAR Shaped or squared stone used in building, as distinguished from that in the rough.

ASTRAGAL A small semi-circular bead or moulding.

BALL FLOWER An ornament resembling a ball in a circular flower with three enclosing petals. Dec.

BASE The lower member of a column, pier, or wall.

BASILICA A Roman law-court. Early Christian churches when built on the same lines were called by the same name.

BILLET An ornament much used in Norman work and formed by cutting a moulding in notches, so that the remaining parts resembled wooden billets or pieces of stick.

BLIND STOREY See Triforium.

BOSSES Ornamental projections usually of foliage and placed at the intersection of the ribs of vaults, ceilings, etc.

BRACES Timbers which brace or support the main rafters. Also called _struts_.

BROACH A spire, generally octagonal and springing from the square top of the tower, without a parapet. (_See page 105_).

b.u.t.tRESS A projection from a wall, giving it additional strength.

CANOPY In Gothic architecture an ornamental hood or projection over doors, windows, niches, tombs, etc., and rarely found except in the Dec. and Perp. styles.