A Catalogue of Sculpture in the Department of Greek and Roman Antiquities Part 36

[Rightnote: XIX.]

[Sidenote: 47.]

[Sidenote: 48.]

The cast of the small fragment at the upper left-hand corner of slab xix., giving the mane of the horse of No. 47, has been added since the publication of the work of Michaelis. For a fragment engraved by Michaelis, as the head of No. 48, cf. No. 345, _18_.

[Rightnote: XX.]

Slab xx. (on the pilaster) is a cast from the original at Athens.

This slab, which now only contains parts of the legs of two horses and a rider (No. 48) was nearly complete in the time of Carrey and contained two riders wearing petasoi or broad-brimmed travellers'

hats.

[Rightnote: XXI.]

[Sidenote: 51.]

[Sidenote: 52.]

[Sidenote: 53.]

In slab xxi. the head of the horse of No. 51 and the head and shoulders of No. 52 are supplied by casts from originals at Athens. The fragment containing the head of No. 53, a figure wearing a petasos, does not appear in the plate of Michaelis.

[Rightnote: XXII., XXIII]

Slab xxii. and slab xxiii., which, with the exception of a small fragment, is only preserved in Carrey's drawings, contained the leading hors.e.m.e.n of the procession. Those on slab xxii. are evidently pulling up their horses, while the two hors.e.m.e.n on slab xxiii. are going at a foot-pace. All the paces of the horse are thus displayed within a short distance, at this part of the frieze. In slab xxii. a fragment containing a horse's head and the mane of another horse, which Michaelis a.s.signs to the team on slab xxiv., has been since adjusted to its place in front of No. 56; to this has been fitted the small fragment of the corner of slab xxiii.

[Rightnote: XXIV.]

[Rightnote: x.x.xIV.]

The hors.e.m.e.n are immediately preceded in the procession by the chariot-groups. Carrey draws eight chariots, of which four partially survive and four are totally lost. On the other hand, a part remains of two groups (slab xxix.), of which there is no trace in Carrey's drawings. These, therefore, must probably be placed in a break in the sequence of slabs indicated by Carrey.

Originally there must have been not fewer than ten chariot groups.

In each the charioteer is accompanied by an armed warrior; but here the armed figure is not like the apobates of the northern frieze in the act of stepping out of the chariot in motion, but stands either in the quadriga or (if it is not in motion) by its side. Therefore Michaelis supposes that, while the chariots on the north frieze have reference to that contest in which armed apobatae took a part, leaping off and on to the quadriga during the race, the chariots in the south frieze suggest the chariots of war, _harmata polemisteria_, in which an armed hoplite stood in the chariot by the side of the charioteer. Each chariot group, when complete, is seen to be accompanied by a marshal.

[Rightnote: XXIV.]

[Sidenote: 58.]

Of the two figures in the chariot of slab xxiv., nothing now remains but part of the s.h.i.+eld and left arm of the hoplite (No.

58), with a fold of drapery hanging from the arm. The upper part of the slab was wanting in the time of Carrey, but he gives the legs of the hoplite, who, like the corresponding figure in slab xxv., was standing by the wheel of the chariot, of which a small portion remains. This position shows that both these chariots were represented at the moment before they started. In the s.h.i.+eld of No. 58 are two rivet holes for the attachment of a bronze handle.

In the upper hole the metal still remains. Similar rivet holes occur in the s.h.i.+elds of Nos. 61 and 66. Michaelis supplies the heads of the horses on this slab by a fragment which belongs to the cavalcade of hors.e.m.e.n. (See slab xxii., above.)

The connection between slabs xxiv. and xxv. is proved by a fragment which has been added to the lower corner on the right of slab xxiv. since the work of Michaelis was published. This fragment, of which the original is at Athens, gives part of the wheel of the chariot of xxv. and the forefeet of the horses of xxiv.

[Rightnote: XXV.]

[Sidenote: 60.]

[Sidenote: 61.]

[Sidenote: 62.]

In slab xxv. the horses' heads now wanting are given in Carrey's drawing. Of the charioteer (No. 60) very little is now visible but part of his drapery. The armed figure (No. 61) in this chariot group, whose appearance is more youthful than that of the other hoplites in this part of the frieze, wears a chiton with a double girdle and a chlamys. Near the edge of his s.h.i.+eld are two rivet holes for a bronze handle; in the upper one the metal still remains. The marshal (No. 62) standing at the side of the horses stretches out his right hand towards the charioteer with the forefinger extended, a gesture which indicates that he is giving an order. The rivet holes on the horses' crests show that the reins were of bronze.

[Rightnote: XXVI., XXVII.]

Slabs xxvi., xxvii., of Michaelis, contained two chariot groups which we only know through Carrey's drawings. In both the horses are springing forward; cf. No. 345, _20_.

[Rightnote: XXVIII.]

Michaelis inserts to represent slab xxviii. a fragment which belongs to the north side, slab xxiv.

[Rightnote: XXIX.]

The lower corner on the left side of xxix. has been cast from a fragment at Athens, which has been identified since the publication of the work of Michaelis. This fragment supplies the missing part of the wheel and a small piece of flying drapery belonging to one of the figures in the chariot. In this group the marshal at the side of the chariot is wanting. On the right-hand edge of this slab, just above the horses' forelegs and close to the joint, is part of the outline of a s.h.i.+eld. This s.h.i.+eld must have belonged to one of the figures in the chariot following on the next slab; it is evident, therefore, that between xxix. and x.x.x. was another slab, now lost, which we cannot recognise in any of Carrey's drawings.

[Rightnote: x.x.x.]

[Sidenote: 66.]

The armed figure (No. 66) wears the Corinthian helmet, which does not occur elsewhere on the frieze. The handle of his s.h.i.+eld was of bronze, of which a small portion still remains in the rivet hole.

Other rivet holes on the crests of the horses show that the reins and the _hestor_ for attaching the yoke to the pole were also of bronze. Here, as in xxix., the marshal is wanting. The horses'

heads, which are treated with more freedom on this slab than elsewhere on the frieze, are of extraordinary beauty.

[Rightnote: x.x.xI.]

On slab x.x.xi., as in the preceding, the reins and the hestor were of bronze.

[Rightnote: x.x.xII.-x.x.xIV.]

Slabs x.x.xii.-x.x.xiv. are now wholly lost, except in Carrey's drawings. They contained two chariots, both at a standstill, or moving slowly, and the four last persons of the crowd on foot.

[Rightnote: x.x.xV.-x.x.xVII.]

[Sidenote: 72.]

[Sidenote: 73.]

[Sidenote: 79*.]

Slabs x.x.xv., x.x.xvi., and part of slab x.x.xvii. contained the remainder of the persons on foot. Fragments of x.x.xv. and of x.x.xvi. (original at Athens) alone remain, although the slabs were complete in the time of Carrey. The figures as he draws them appear to be elderly men, eighteen in number, and resembling in attire and general character the Thallophori who have been already noticed on the northern frieze. All are clad in the himation.

Michaelis thinks that No. 72 holds in his left hand a small object shaped like a clarionet, but he appears to have mistaken the right arm of No. 73 hanging down for this object. Between these supposed Thallophori and the victims Carrey inserts four figures, two of whom hold in their left hands some object like a square tablet, which may be the bottom of a lyre, as this is the place in the procession where the musicians might be expected, if the arrangement on this side corresponded with that on the north side. The fragment (No. 79*) representing the upper part of a Scaphephoros carrying a tray must also belong to this part of the frieze, and is therefore here inserted. It is cast from the original at Athens, which was not known to Michaelis. It probably implies that one slab was wanting here, as well as the second half of slab x.x.xvii., of which Carrey seems to have only drawn the first half.

[Rightnote: x.x.xVIII.-XLV.]

The remainder of the south frieze is occupied with the procession of victims for the sacrifice. Cows only are here represented, and, as has been observed, this may indicate that we have here the native Athenian part of the procession. The order in which these slabs are exhibited differs from that given by Michaelis in _Der Parthenon_, pl. 11., because slab xliii., No. 84 (= Michaelis, No.

126; cf. 345, _22_), which is the top left corner of a slab, has been proved to join to the right side of xli. Other changes have also been made, but the slab numbers of Michaelis have been preserved for convenience of reference, and the order now stands:--xli., joined by xliii., No. 84 (= Michaelis, No. 126); x.x.xix., which may join xliii.; xl., which joins x.x.xix.; x.x.xviii., which may perhaps join xl.; after an interval of one slab, xlii.; xliii., Nos. 100, 101 (= Michaelis, 127, 128); xliv., the corner slab. Michaelis has proposed a revised arrangement in _Arch.