The Invisible Government Part 23

The School of International Service at American University in Was.h.i.+ngton, D. C., initiated a new academic program to train foreign service officers and other officials in newly independent nations, commencing in September, 1961. The foreign diplomats will study courses on land reforms, finance, labor problems, and several courses on Soviet and Chinese communism. The program (under the newly created Center of Diplomacy and Foreign Policy) is directed by former Under Secretary of State Loy W. Henderson, a member of the Council on Foreign Relations.

INSt.i.tUTE OF INTERNATIONAL EDUCATION

In 1919, Elihu Root and Stephen Duggan (both members of the Council on Foreign Relations) founded the Inst.i.tute of International Education, to develop international understanding and goodwill through exchange of students, teachers, and others in the educational field.

Prior to World War II, the Inst.i.tute was financed by the Carnegie Corporation. Since the War, the federal government has contributed a little more than one-third of the Inst.i.tute's annual income of about 1.8 million dollars. Foundations, corporations, individuals, and colleges, contribute the rest.

The Inst.i.tute is wholly a CFR operation. Its officials are: Stanley C.

Allyn, Edward W. Barrett, Chester Bowles, Ralph J. Bunche, William C.

Foster, Arthur A. Houghton, Grayson L. Kirk, Edward R. Murrow, George N.

Shuster, and James D. Zellerbach--all members of the CFR.

Chapter 10

COMMUNICATIONS MEDIA

In nine chapters of this Volume, I have managed to discuss only a few of the most powerful organizations interlocked with the Council on Foreign Relations, to form an amazing web which is the invisible government of the United States. There are scores of such organizations.

I have managed to name, relatively, only a few of the influential individuals who are members of the Council on Foreign Relations, or of affiliated agencies, and who also occupy key jobs in the executive branch of government, including the Presidency.

I have a.s.serted that the objective of the invisible government is to convert America into a socialist nation and then make it a unit in a one-world socialist system.

The managers of the combine do not admit this, of course. They are "liberals" who say that the old "negative" kind of government we used to have is inadequate for this century. The liberals' "positive" foreign policy is said to be necessary for "world peace" and for meeting "America's responsibility" in the world. Their "positive" domestic policies are said to be necessary for the continued improvement and progress of our "free-enterprise" system.

But the "positive" foreign policy for peace has dragged us into so many international commitments (many of which are in direct conflict with each other: such as, our subsidizing national independence for former colonies of European powers, while we are also subsidizing the European powers trying to keep the colonies) that, if we continue in our present direction, we will inevitably find ourselves in perpetual war for perpetual peace--or we will surrender our freedom and national independence and become an out-voted province in a socialist one-world system.

The liberals' "positive" domestic policies always bring the federal government into the role of subsidizing and controlling the economic activities of the people; and that is the known highway to the total, tyrannical socialist state.

The Council on Foreign Relations is rapidly achieving its purpose. An obvious reason for its success: it is reaching the American public with its clever propaganda.

However much power the CFR combine may have inside the agencies of government; however extensive the reach of its propaganda through organizations designed to "educate" the public to acceptance of CFR ideas--the CFR needs to reach the _ma.s.s_ audience of Americans who do not belong to, or attend the meetings of, or read material distributed by, the propaganda organizations. Council on Foreign Relations leaders are aware of this need, and they have met it.

In the 1957 Annual Report of the Committee for Economic Development (a major propaganda arm of the CFR), Gardner Cowles, then Chairman of CED's Information Committee, did a bit of boasting about how successful CED had been in communicating its ideas to the general public. Mr. Cowles said:

"The value of CED's research and recommendations is directly related to its ability to communicate them ... the organization's role as an agency that can influence private and public economic policies and decisions ... can be effective ... only to the extent that CED gets its ideas across to thinking people....

"During the year [1957], the Information Division [of CED]

distributed 42 pamphlets having a total circulation of 545,585; issued 37 press releases and texts of statements; arranged 4 press conferences, 10 radio and television appearances, 12 speeches for Trustees, 3 magazine articles and the publication of 3 books.... In a.s.sessing the year, we are reminded again of the great debt we owe the nation's editors. Their regard for the objectivity and non-partisans.h.i.+p of CED's work is reflected in the exceptional attention they give to what CED has to say. The [CED] statement, 'Toward a Realistic Farm Policy,' for example not only received extended news treatment but was the subject of 362 editorials. The circulation represented in the editorials alone totaled 19,336,299."

Mr. Cowles was modest. He gave only a hint of the total extent to which the ma.s.s-communication media have become a controlled propaganda network for the Council on Foreign Relations and its inter-connecting agencies.

I doubt that anyone really knows the full extent. My research reveals a few of the CFR members who have (or have had) controlling, or extremely influential, positions in the publis.h.i.+ng and broadcasting industries. My list of _CFR members_ in this field is far from complete; and I have not tried to compile a list of the thousands of people who are _not_ members of the CFR, but who _are_ members of CED, FPA, or of some other CFR affiliate--and who also control important channels of public communications.

Hence, the following list--of Council on Foreign Relations members whom I know to be influential in the communications industries--is intended to be indicative, rather than comprehensive and informative:

Herbert Agar (former Editor, _Louisville Courier-Journal_)

Hanson W. Baldwin (Military Affairs Editor, _New York Times_)

Joseph Barnes (Editor-in-Chief, Simon & Schuster, Publishers)

Elliott V. Bell (Chairman of Executive Committee, McGraw-Hill Publis.h.i.+ng Co.; Publisher and Editor of _Business Week_)

John Mason Brown (Editor, _Sat.u.r.day Review of Literature_, drama critic, author)

Ca.s.s Canfield (Chairman of the Editorial Board of Harper & Brothers, Publishers)

Marquis Childs (author, syndicated columnist)

Norman Cousins (Editor-in-Chief, _Sat.u.r.day Review of Literature_)

Gardner Cowles, quoted above from the 1957 CED Annual Report, and John Cowles (They occupy controlling offices in Cowles Magazine Company, which owns such publications as _Look_, _Minneapolis Star and Tribune_, and _Des Moines Register and Tribune_, and which also owns a broadcasting company.)

Mark Ethridge (Publisher, _Louisville Courier-Journal_, _Louisville Times_)

George Gallup (public opinion a.n.a.lyst, Gallup Poll; President, National Munic.i.p.al League)

Philip Graham (Publisher, _Was.h.i.+ngton Post and Times Herald_)

Allen Grover (Vice President of _Time_, Inc.)

Joseph C. Harsch (of _The Christian Science Monitor_)

August Heckscher (Editor, _New York Herald Tribune_)

Palmer Hoyt (Publisher, _Denver Post_)

David Lawrence (President and Editor-in-Chief, _U. S. News and World Report_)

Hal Lehrman (Editor, _New York Post_)

Irving Levine (NBC news official and commentator)

Walter Lippmann (author, syndicated columnist)

Henry R. Luce (Publisher, _Time_, _Life_, _Fortune_, _Sports Ill.u.s.trated_)

Malcolm Muir (Chairman of the Board and Editor-in-Chief, _Newsweek_)

William S. Paley (Chairman of the Board, Columbia Broadcasting System)