Soap-Making Manual Part 25

[Ill.u.s.tration: AMALGAMATOR]

[Ill.u.s.tration: TOILET SOAP MILL]

[Ill.u.s.tration: TOILET SOAP MILL]

[Ill.u.s.tration: CHIPPER]

[Ill.u.s.tration: PLODDER]

[Ill.u.s.tration: HORIZONTAL CHIPPER]

[Ill.u.s.tration: AMALGAMATOR (IMPROVED)]

[Ill.u.s.tration: PRESS (LETTERING ON 4 SIDES OF CAKE)]

[Ill.u.s.tration: Press (Foot)]

[Ill.u.s.tration: Press (Foot)]

[Ill.u.s.tration: PLODDER]

[Ill.u.s.tration: AUTOMATIC PRESS (TOILET)]

[Ill.u.s.tration: MULTIPLE CAKE CUTTER]

[Ill.u.s.tration: CAKE CUTTER]

[Ill.u.s.tration: CHIPPER]

[Ill.u.s.tration: GLYCERINE DISTILLING PLANT]

[Ill.u.s.tration: CRUDE GLYCERINE PLANT]

[Ill.u.s.tration: H-A FATTY ACID DISTILLING PLANT]

Appendix

Tables marked * are taken from the German Year Book for Soap Industry.

(U. S. BUREAU OF STANDARDS)

THE METRIC SYSTEM.

The fundamental unit of the metric system is the meter (the unit of length). From this the units of ma.s.s (gram) and capacity (liter) are derived. All other units are the decimal sub-divisions or multiples of these. These three units are simply related, so that for all practical purposes the volume of one kilogram of water (one liter) is equal to one cubic decimeter.

============================================================ Prefixes. Meaning. Units.

________________________________________ ___________________ Milli- = one thousandth 1-1000 .001 Centi- = one hundredth 1-100 .01 Meter for length.

Deci- = one tenth 1-10 .1 Unit = one 1. Gram for ma.s.s.

Deka- = ten 10-1 10. Hecto- = one hundred 100-1 100. Liter for capacity.

Kilo- = one thousand 1000-1 1000. ============================================================

The metric terms are formed by combining the words "Meter," "Gram" and "Liter" with the six numerical prefixes.

LENGTH

10 milli-meters mm = 1 centi-meter c m

10 centi-meters = 1 deci-meter d m

10 deci-meters = 1 meter (about 40 inches) m

10 meters = 1 deka-meter d k m

10 deka-meters = 1 hecto-meter h m

10 hecto-meters = 1 kilo-meter (about 5/8 mile) k m

Ma.s.s.

10 milli-grams. m g = 1 centi-gram c g 10 centi-grams = 1 deci-gram d g 10 deci-grams = 1 gram (about 15 grains) g 10 grams = 1 deka-gram d k g 10 Deka-grams = 1 hecto-gram h g 10 hecto-grams = 1 kilo-gram (about 2 pounds) k g

CAPACITY.

10 milli-liters. m l = 1 centi-liter c l 10 centi-liters = 1 deci-liter d l 10 deci-liters = 1 liter (about 1 quart) l 10 liters = 1 deka-liter d k l 10 deka-liters = 1 hecto-liter (about a barrel) h l 10 hecto-liters = 1 kilo-liter k l

The square and cubic units are the squares and cubes of the linear units.

The ordinary unit of land area is the Hectare (about 2-1/2 acres).

U.S. BUREAU OF STANDARDS TABLE OF METRIC EQUIVALENTS

Meter = 39.37 inches.

Legal Equivalent Adopted by Act of Congress July 28, 1866.

LENGTH.