Laurence Sterne in Germany Part 12

[Footnote 23: XIX, 2, p. 579.]

[Footnote 24: See "Bemerkungen oder Briefe uber Wien, eines jungen Bayern auf einer Reise durch Deutschland," Leipzig (probably 1804 or 1805). It is, according to the _Jenaische Allg. Litt. Zeitung_ (1805, IV, p. 383), full of extravagant sentiment with frequent apostrophe to the author's "Evelina." Also, "Meine Reise vom Stadtchen H . . . . zum Dorfchen H . . . ." Hannover, 1799. See _Allg. Litt. Zeitung_, 1799, IV, p. 87. "Reisen unter Sonne, Mond und Sternen," Erfurt, 1798, pp. 220, 8vo. This is evidently a similar work, but is cla.s.sed by _Allg. Litt. Zeitung_ (1799, I, 477) as an imitation of Jean Paul, hence indirectly to be connected with Yorick. "Reisen des grunen Mannes durch Deutschland," Halle, 1787-91. See _Allg. Litt. Zeitung_, 1789, I, 217; 1791, IV, p. 576. "Der Teufel auf Reisen," two volumes, Frankfurt and Leipzig, 1789. See _Allg. Litt. Zeitung_, 1789, I, p. 826. Knigge's books of travels also share in this enlivening and subjectivizing of the traveler's narrative.]

[Footnote 25: Altenburg, Richter, 1775, six volumes.]

[Footnote 26: Reviewed in _Allg. deutsche Bibl._, X, 2, p. 127, and _Neue Critische Nachrichten_, Greifswald V, p. 222.]

[Footnote 27: Many of the anonymous books, even those popular in their day, are not given by Goedeke; and Baker, judging only by one external, naturally misses Sterne products which have no distinctively imitative t.i.tle, and includes others which have no connection with Sterne. For example, he gives Gellius's "Yoricks Nachgela.s.sene Werke," which is but a translation of the Koran, and hence in no way an example of German imitation; he gives also Schummel's "Fritzens Reise nach Dessau" (1776) and "Reise nach Schlesien" (1792), Nonne's "Amors Reisen nach Fockzana zum Friedenscongress" (1773), none of which has anything to do with Sterne. "Trim oder der Sieg der Liebe uber die Philosophie"

(Leipzig, 1776), by Ludw. Ferd. v. Hopffgarten, also cited by Baker, undoubtedly owes its name only to Sterne. See _Jenaische Zeitungen von gel. Sachen_, 1777, p. 67, and _Allg. deutsche Bibl._, x.x.xIV, 2, p. 484; similarly "Lottchens Reise ins Zuchthaus" by Kirtsten, 1777, is given in Baker's list, but the work "Reise" is evidently used here only in a figurative sense, the story being but the relation of character deterioration, a downward journey toward the t.i.tular place of punishment. See _Jenaische Zeitungen von gel. Sachen_, 1777, pp. 739 ff.; 1778, p. 12. _Allg. deutsche Bibl._, x.x.xV, 1, p. 182. Baker gives Bock's "Tagereise" and "Geschichte eines empfundenen Tages" as if they were two different books. He further states: "Sterne is the parent of a long list of German Sentimental Journeys which began with von Thummel's 'Reise in die mittaglichen Provinzen Frankreichs.'" This work really belongs comparatively late in the story of imitations.

Two of Knigge's books are also included. See p. 166-7.]

[Footnote 28: "Laurence Sterne und C. M. Wieland, von Karl August Behmer, Forschungen zur neueren Litteraturgeschichte IX. Munchen, 1899. Ein Beitrag zur Erforschung fremder Einflusse auf Wieland's Dichtung." To this reference has been made. There is also another briefer study of this connection: a Programm by F. Bauer, "Ueber den Einfluss, Laurence Sternes auf Chr. M. Wieland," Karlsbad, 1898. A. Mager published, 1890, at Marburg, "Wieland's Nachla.s.s des Diogenes von Sinope und das englische Vorbild," a school "Abhandlung," which dealt with a connection between this work of Wieland and Sterne. Wood ("Einfluss Fieldings auf die deutsche Litteratur," Yokohama, 1895) finds constant imitation of Sterne in "Don Silvio," which, from Behmer's proof concerning the dates of Wieland's acquaintance with Sterne, can hardly be possible.]

[Footnote 29: Some other works are mentioned as containing references and allusions.]

[Footnote 30: In "Oberon" alone of Wieland's later works does Behmer discover Sterne's influence and there no longer in the style, but in the adaptation of motif.]

[Footnote 31: See Erich Schmidt's "Richardson, Rousseau und Goethe," Jena, 1875, pp. 46-7.]

[Footnote 32: 1790, I, pp. 209-16.]

[Footnote 33: This may be well compared with Wieland's statements concerning Shandy in his review of the Bode translation (_Merkur_, VIII, pp. 247-51, 1774), which forms one of the most exaggerated expressions of adoration in the whole epoch of Sterne's popularity.]

[Footnote 34: Since Germany did not sharply separate the work of Sterne from his continuator, this is, of course, to be cla.s.sed from the German point of view at that time as a borrowing from Sterne. Mager in his study depends upon the Eugenius continuation for this and several other parallels.]

[Footnote 35: Sentimental Journey, pp. 31-32.]

[Footnote 36: "Ich denke nicht, da.s.s es Sie gereuen wird, den Mann naher kennen zu lernen" spoken of Demokritus in "Die Abderiten;"

see _Merkur_, 1774, I, p. 56.]

[Footnote 37: Wieland's own genuine appreciation of Sterne and understanding of his characteristics is indicated incidentally in a review of a Swedish book in the _Teutscher Merkur_, 1782, II, p. 192, in which he designates the description of sentimental journeying in the seventh book of Shandy as the best of Sterne's accomplishment, as greater than the Journey itself, a judgment emanating from a keen and true knowledge of Sterne.]

[Footnote 38: Lebensbild, V, Erlangen, 1846, p. 89. Letter to Hartknoch, Paris, November, 1769. In connection with his journey and his "Reisejournal," he speaks of his "Tristramschen Meynungen." See Lebensbild, Vol. V, p. 61.]

[Footnote 39: Suphan, IV, p. 190. For further reference to Sterne in Herder's letters, see "Briefe Herders an Hamann," edited by Otto Hoffmann, Berlin, 1889, pp. 28, 51, 57, 71, 78, 194.]

[Footnote 40: Lachmann edition, Berlin, 1840, XII, pp. 212, 240.]

[Footnote 41: Eckermann: "Gesprache mit Goethe," Leipzig, 1885, II, p. 29; or Biedermann, "Goethe's Gesprache," Leipzig, 1890, VI, p. 359.]

[Footnote 42: "Briefwechsel zwischen Goethe und Zelter, in den Jahren, 1796-1832." Ed. by Fr. W. Riemer, Berlin, 1833-4, Vol. V, p. 349. Both of these quotations are cited by Siegmund Levy, "Goethe und Oliver Goldsmith;" Goethe-Jahrbuch, VI, 1885, pp.

282 ff. The translation in this case is from that of A. D.

Coleridge.]

[Footnote 43: Griesebach: "Das Goetheische Zeitalter der deutschen Dichtung," Leipzig, 1891, p. 29.]

[Footnote 44: II, 10th book, Hempel, XXI, pp. 195 ff.]

[Footnote 45: "Briefe an Joh. Heinrich Merck von Gothe, Herder, Wieland und andern bedeutenden Zeitgenossen," edited by Dr. Karl Wagner, Darmstadt, 1835, p. 5; and "Briefe an und von Joh.

Heinrich Merck," issued by the same editor, Darmstadt, 1838, pp. 5, 21.]

[Footnote 46: In the "Wanderschaft," see J. H. Jung-Stilling, Sammtliche Werke. Stuttgart, 1835, I, p. 277.]

[Footnote 47: "Herder's Briefwechsel mit seiner Braut, April, 1771, to April, 1773," edited by Duntzer and F. G. von Herder, Frankfurt-am-Main, 1858, pp. 247 ff.]

[Footnote 48: See _Frankfurter Gel. Anz._, 1774, February 22.]

[Footnote 49: Kurschner edition of Goethe, Vol. XXII, pp. 146-7.]

[Footnote 50: See introduction by Dunster in the Kurschner edition, XIII, pp. 137 ff., and that by Fr. Strehlke in the Hempel edition, XVI. pp. 217 ff.]

[Footnote 51: Kurschner edition, Vol. XXIV, p. 15; Tag- und Jahreshefte, 1789.]

[Footnote 52: "Goethe's Romantechnik," Leipzig, 1902. The author here incidentally expresses the opinion that Heinse is also an imitator of Sterne.]

[Footnote 53: Julius Goebel, in "Goethe-Jahrbuch," XXI, pp.

208 ff.]

[Footnote 54: See _Euphorion_, IV, p. 439.]

[Footnote 55: Eckermann, III, p. 155; Biedermann, VI, p. 272.]

[Footnote 56: Eckermann, III, p. 170; Biedermann, VI, p. 293.]

[Footnote 57: Eckermann, II, p. 19; Biedermann, VII, p. 184. This quotation is given in the Anhang to the "Wanderjahre." Loeper says (Hempel, XIX, p. 115) that he has been unable to find it anywhere in Sterne; see p. 105.]

[Footnote 58: See "Briefwechsel zwischen Goethe und Zelter."

Zelter's replies contain also reference to Sterne. VI, p. 33 he speaks of the Sentimental Journey as "ein balsamischer Fruhlingsthau." See also II, p. 51; VI, p. 207. Goethe is reported as having spoken of the Sentimental Journey: "Man konne durchaus nicht besser ausdrucken, wie des Menschen Herz ein trotzig und verzagt Ding sei."]

[Footnote 59: "Mittheilungen uber Goethe," von F. W. Riemer, Berlin, 1841, II, p. 658. Also, Biedermann, VII, p. 332.]

[Footnote 60: See Hempel, XXIX, p. 240.]

[Footnote 61: Kurschner, XVI, p. 372.]

[Footnote 62: IX, p. 438.]

[Footnote 63: See "Briefe von Goethe an Johanna Fahlmer," edited by L. Ulrichs, Leipzig, 1875, p. 91, and Shandy, II, pp. 70 and 48.]

[Footnote 64: "Goethe's Briefe an Frau von Stein," hrsg. von Adolf Scholl; 2te Aufl, bearbeitet von W. Fielitz, Frankfurt-am-Main, 1883, Vol. I, p. 276.]

[Footnote 65: References to the Tagebucher are as follows: Robert Keil's Leipzig, 1875, p. 107, and Duntzer's, Leipzig, 1889, p. 73.]

[Footnote 66: See also the same author's "Goethe, sa vie et ses oeuvres," Paris, 1866; Appendice pp. 291-298. Further literature is found: "Vergleichende Blatter fur literarische Unterhaltung,"

1863, No. 36, and 1869, Nos. 10 and 14. _Morgenblatt_, 1863, Nr. 39, article by Alex. Buchner, Sterne's "Coran und Makariens Archiv, Goethe ein Plagiator?" and _Deutsches Museum_, 1867, No. 690.]

[Footnote 67: Minden i. W., 1885, pp. 330-336.]

[Footnote 68: "Druck vollendet in Mai" according to Baumgartner, III, p. 292.]