Epitome of the Pharmacopeia of the United States and the National Formulary Part 62

ACTION AND USES: Vehicle for medicinal agents to be applied externally or to the mucous membranes of the nose and throat. Also given internally largely for its mechanical action in constipation. Is not absorbed by the intestine and has no nutritive properties.

DOSAGE: 15 Cc. or 4 fluidrachms (U.S.P.).

_Nebula Aromatica (Nebul. Arom.), Aromatic Oil Spray, N.F._ (Aromatol).--Light liquid petrolatum aromatized with phenol, menthol, thymol, camphor, benzoic acid, eucalyptol, oil of cinnamon, oil of clove and methyl salicylate.

USES: An aromatic spray.

_Petroxolinum Liquidum (Petrox. Liq.), Liquid Petroxolin, N.F._ (Petrolatum Saponatum Liquidum, N.F. III, Liquid Petrox).--Light liquid petrolatum and ammonium oleate, scented with oil of lavender and diluted with water and alcohol.

USES: A soap-emulsion of petrolatum intended as vehicle for oily applications.

_Petroxolinum Sp.i.s.sum (Petrox. Sp.i.s.s.), Solid Petroxolin, N.F._ (Petrolatum Saponatum Sp.i.s.sum, N.F. III, Solid Petrox).--An ointment composed of ammonium oleate, white wax, light liquid petrolatum and alcohol scented with oil of lavender.

=Petroselini Radix (Petrosel. Rad.), Parsley Root, N.F.=

ACTION AND USES: Obsolete carminative.

DOSAGE: 2 Gm. or 30 grains (N.F.).

_Fluidextractum Petroselini Radicis (Fldext. Petrosel. Rad.), Fluidextract of Parsley Root, N.F._--Parsley root (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 55 per cent.

DOSAGE: 2 Cc. or 30 minims (N.F.).

=Petroselinum (Petrosel.), Parsley Fruit, U.S.P.= (Parsley Seed).

ACTION AND USES: See the oleoresin below.

_Oleoresina Petroselini (Oleores. Petrosel.), Oleoresin of Parsley Fruit, U.S.P._ (Liquid Apiol).

USES: Advertised as an emmenagogue, but of doubtful value.

DOSAGE: 0.5 Cc. or 8 minims (U.S.P.).

=PETROXOLINA, PETROXOLINS.=--The petroxolins are solutions or suspensions of active medicaments in a mixture of ammonia soap and petrolatum or liquid petrolatum. Their advantage over other forms of external applications is doubtful. For official petroxolins see under the names of the princ.i.p.al ingredients.

=*Phenol (Phenol), Phenol, U.S.P.= (Carbolic Acid).--Hydroxybenzene obtained from coal-tar or made synthetically.

Colorless crystals or white crystalline ma.s.ses, sometimes becoming reddish, with a characteristic odor. Soluble in water (1:15), and very soluble in alcohol, glycerin or the fixed or volatile oils.

ACTION AND USES: Standard antiseptic and germicide; also local anesthetic and caustic.

_Aqua Phenolata (Aq. Phenol.), Phenolated Water, N.F._ (Carbolic Acid Water).--Phenol (2%) in water.

_Glyceritum Phenolis (Glycer. Phenol.), Glycerite of Phenol, U.S.P._ (Glycerite of Carbolic Acid).--Liquefied phenol (20%) in glycerin.

DOSAGE: 0.3 Cc. or 5 minims (U.S.P.).

_Oleum Phenolatum (Ol. Phenol.), Phenolated Oil, N.F._ (Oleum Carbolatum, N.F. III, Carbolized Oil).--Phenol (5%) in olive oil.

USES: A mild local stimulant and anesthetic but practically not antiseptic.

_Petroxolinum Phenolis (Petrox. Phenol.), Phenol Petroxolin, N.F._ (Phenol Petrox).--Phenol (5%) in liquid petroxolin.

_Petroxolinum Phenolis Camphoratum (Petrox. Phenol. Camph.), Camphorated Phenol Petroxolin, N.F._ (Camphorated Phenol Petrox).--Phenol (12.5%) and camphor (37.5%) in liquid petroxolin.

_*Phenol Liquefactum (Phenol Liq.), Liquefied Phenol, U.S.P._ (Liquefied Carbolic Acid).--Phenol liquefied by water (about 10%).

A colorless liquid, which may become reddish.

DOSAGE: 0.05 Cc. or 1 minim (U.S.P.).

_Unguentum Phenolis (Ung. Phenol.), Ointment of Phenol, U.S.P._ (Ointment of Carbolic Acid).--Liquefied phenol (2.25%) in ointment.

=Phenol Iodatum (Phenol Iodat.), Iodized Phenol, N.F.= (Acidum Carbolic.u.m Iodatum, N.F. III).--Iodine (20%) and phenol (60%) in glycerin.

=*Phenolphthaleinum (Phenolphthal.), Phenolphthalein, U.S.P.=

White or nearly white, odorless, tasteless powder. Almost insoluble in water; soluble in alcohol (1:13).

ACTION AND USES: Mild but efficient cathartic. It may cause some irritation to the r.e.c.t.u.m and lower bowel and very large doses have produced alarming secondary symptoms.

DOSAGE: 0.15 Gm. or 2-1/2 grains (U.S.P.).

_Trochisci Phenolphthaleini (Troch. Phenolphthal.), Troches of Phenolphthalein, N.F._--Each troche contains phenolphthalein (0.06 Gm.

or 1 grain) with acacia, sugar, vanillin and carmine.

DOSAGE: 1 troche

=*Phenylis Salicylas (Phenyl. Salicyl.), Phenyl Salicylate, U.S.P.= (Salol).

White powder, with an aromatic odor and a slight, characteristic taste. Slightly soluble in water (1:6670); freely soluble in alcohol (1:6), and in fixed or volatile oils.

ACTION AND USES: Intestinal antiseptic, by the liberation of phenol and salicylic acid.

DOSAGE: 0.3 Gm. or 5 grains (U.S.P.) best in powder; may be inclosed dry in capsules or cachets.

=*Phosphorus (Phosphor.), Phosphorus, U.S.P.=

Translucent, nearly colorless, waxy solid with a characteristic odor, becoming white, red or black on the surface on long keeping.

Readily inflammable in air (preserved under water). Almost insoluble in water, to which phosphorus imparts its characteristic odor and taste; slightly soluble in dehydrated alcohol (1:400) and soluble in chloroform (1:17).