Epitome of the Pharmacopeia of the United States and the National Formulary Part 78

A white, odorless powder, having a cooling, mildly alkaline taste.

Decomposed by acids and converted by boiling into the normal carbonate. Soluble in water (1:10) and insoluble in alcohol.

ACTION AND USES: Used as a non-caustic alkali in conditions of acidosis, and to neutralize the acid of the gastric juice in hyperacidity and gastric ulcer. May be used intravenously in cases of extreme acidosis. Externally, used as a mild alkaline wash.

DOSAGE: 1 Gm. or 15 grains (U.S.P.). For intravenous injection a 6 per cent. solution sterilized by boiling and thus partly converted into the normal carbonate has been recommended. One thousand Cc. of such a solution may be injected, but great care must be taken that none of the liquid gets outside the veins lest necrosis of the tissues occur.

_Liquor Sodae et Menthae (Liq. Sod. et Menth.), Solution of Soda and Mint, N.F._ (Mistura Sodae et Menthae, N.F. III, Soda Mint).--Sodium bicarbonate (5%), aromatic spirit of ammonia (1%) and spearmint water.

USES: Antacid and carminative.

DOSAGE: 8 Cc. or 2 fluidrachms (N.F.).

_Sal Vichyanum Fact.i.tium (Sal Vichy. Fact.), Artificial Vichy Salt, N.F._--Pota.s.sium carbonate (3.85%), magnesium sulphate (8%), sodium chloride (7.7%) and sodium bicarbonate (84.6%).

USES: Alkaline saline cathartic.

_Sal Vichyanum Fact.i.tium Effervescens (Sal Vichy. Fact. Eff.), Effervescent Artificial Vichy Salt, N.F._ (Pulvis Salis Vichyani Fact.i.tii Effervescens, N.F. III).--Artificial vichy salt (25%) in a mixture of sodium bicarbonate (48.5%), tartaric acid (16.45%) and citric acid (yielding sodium citrate and tartrate).

DOSAGE: 4 Gm. or 1 drachm (N.F.).

_Sal Vichyanum Fact.i.tium Effervescens c.u.m Lithio (Sal Vichy. Fact. Eff.

c. Lith.), Effervescent Artificial Vichy Salt with Lithium, N.F._ (Pulvis Salis Vichyani Fact.i.tii Effervescens c.u.m Lithio, N.F.

III).--Artificial vichy salt (25%), lithium citrate (8.33%) in a mixture of sodium bicarbonate (44.14%), tartaric acid (12.54%) and citric acid (yielding sodium tartrate and citrate).

USES: Irrational laxative mixture. The lithium serves no useful purpose.

DOSAGE: 6 Gm. or 1-1/2 drachms (N.F.).

_Trochisci Sodii Bicarbonatis (Troch. Sod. Bicarb.), Troches of Sodium Bicarbonate, U.S.P._--Each troche contains sodium bicarbonate (0.18 Gm.) with sugar, nutmeg and mucilage of tragacanth.

=*Sodii Boras (Sod. Bor.), Sodium Borate, U.S.P.= (Borax, Sodium Tetraborate, Sodium Pyroborate).--Na{2}B{4}O{7} + 10H{2}O.

Colorless crystals or white powder, odorless and having a sweetish, alkaline taste. Soluble in water (1:15) and insoluble in alcohol.

ACTION AND USES: Antiseptic detergent and alkaline.

Used in the form of solution as a wash both externally and in the body cavities. Seldom used internally.

DOSAGE: 0.75 Gm. or 12 grains (U.S.P.).

_Liquor Sodii Boratis Compositus (Liq. Sod. Bor. Co.), Compound Solution of Sodium Borate, N.F._ (Dobell's Solution).--Sodium borate and sodium bicarbonate (each 1.5%) and liquefied phenol (0.3%) in glycerin and water.

USES: Mild antiseptic.

_Mel Rosae et Sodii Boratis (Mel Ros. et Sod. Bor.), Honey of Rose and Sodium Borate, N.F._ (Honey of Rose with Borax).--Sodium borate (10%), glycerin and honey of rose.

USES: Alkaline demulcent.

_Mel Sodii Boratis (Mel Sod. Bor.), Honey of Sodium Borate, N.F._ (Mel Boracis, Honey and Borax).--Sodium borate (10%) in glycerin and clarified honey.

USES: Alkaline demulcent

=Sodii Boro-Benzoas (Sod. Boro-Benz.), Sodium Boro-Benzoate, N.F.=--Sodium borate (43%) and sodium benzoate (57%).

ACTION AND USES: Feeble alkaline antiseptic.

DOSAGE: 2 Gm. or 30 grains (N.F.)

=*Sodii Bromidum (Sod. Brom.), Sodium Bromide, U.S.P.=--NaBr.

White, odorless crystals or powder, having a saline taste. Freely soluble in water (1:1.1) and soluble in alcohol (1:16).

ACTION AND USES: Used as a nerve sedative and cerebral depressant. Practically identical with pota.s.sium bromide in action and uses, but somewhat less irritating.

DOSAGE: 1 Gm. or 15 grains (U.S.P.).

_Elixir Sodii Bromidi (Elix. Sod. Brom.), Elixir of Sodium Bromide, N.F._--Sodium bromide (1.75%) in syrup, water and aromatic elixir.

Absolute alcohol content about 7.5 per cent.

DOSAGE: 8 Cc. or 2 fluidrachms (N.F.)

=*Sodii Cacodylas (Sod. Cacodyl.), Sodium Cacodylate, U.S.P.=--Sodium dimethyla.r.s.enate.

White, odorless, deliquescent crystals or powder. Very soluble in water (1:0.5) and freely soluble in alcohol (1:2.5).

ACTION AND USES: Is slowly decomposed in the tissues into trivalent a.r.s.enic. The action is thus more gradual and less toxic than that of other a.r.s.enic compounds. Produces garlic breath. Used especially by hypodermic injection, in anemias, etc.

DOSAGE: 0.06 Gm. or 1 grain (U.S.P.)

=*Sodii Carbonas Monohydratus (Sod. Carb. Monohyd.), Monohydrated Sodium Carbonate, U.S.P.=--Na{2}CO{3} + H{2}O.

White, odorless, granular powder having a strongly alkaline taste.

Freely soluble in water (1:3) and insoluble in alcohol.

Incompatible with acids and acid salts and with the salts of the heavy metals and alkaloids.

ACTION AND USES: Antacid and detergent; employed in medicine chiefly in the preparation of alkaline baths.

DOSAGE: 0.25 Gm. or 4 grains (U.S.P.)

=*Sodii Chloridum (Sod. Chlorid.), Sodium Chloride, U.S.P.=--NaCl.

Colorless crystals or white powder, odorless, and having a saline taste. Freely soluble in water (1:2.8), and only slightly soluble in alcohol.