1001 Questions and Answers on Orthography and Reading Part 18

52. _What inflection is given to the members of a commencing series?_ The rising.

53. _What inflection is given to the members of a concluding series?_ The falling.

54. _Are there any exceptions to these rules?_ There are.

55. _What causes the exceptions?_ Emphasis.

56. _What is a Parenthesis in reading?_ A sentence, or clause, set off by curves from the context.

57. _How should the Parenthesis be read?_ In a lower tone and more rapidly.

58. _What is the use of the Circ.u.mflex?_ To express irony, or sarcasm.

59. _What meaning is always suggested by the Circ.u.mflex?_ Doubtful or double meaning.

60. _What is the use of the Monotones?_ To produce an effect in grave and solemn subjects.

61. _What is Accent in reading?_ Increase of force on certain syllables of a word.

62. _Give an example of Emphatic accent._ This corrup'tion must put on in'terruption.

63. _What does Pitch signify?_ The place in the musical scale on which an element is sounded.

64. _What is Force?_ That property of the voice which relates to loudness of sound.

65. _How many different kinds of Force?_ Five.

66. _What are they?_ Suppressed, subdued, ordinary, energetic, and vehement.

67. _To what does Stress relate?_ Different modes of applying force.

68. _How many kinds of Stress?_ Three.

69. _What are they?_ Expulsive, Explosive, and Vanis.h.i.+ng.

70. _What is meant by Quant.i.ty?_ Length of time the voice dwells on a word.

71. _What is Quality?_ That property which relates to the kind of voice.

72. _What is Movement?_ The degree of rapidity with which the voice moves from one word to another.

73. _How many kinds of Movement?_ Six.

74. _What are they?_ Very slow, slow, moderate, lively, rapid, and very rapid.

75. _What does Expression comprehend?_ The practical application of all the principles of reading and elocution.

76. _What is Cadence?_ The natural dropping of the voice at the end of a sentence, denoting completeness of thought.

77. _What is a Rhetorical pause?_ A suspension of the voice for rhetorical effect.

78. _What is Emphasis?_ Giving force and energy to certain words.

79. _How many kinds of Emphasis?_ Two.

80. _What are they?_ Absolute and relative.

81. _What is Absolute emphasis?_ Emphasis made without any contrast with other words.

82. _What is Relative emphasis?_ Emphasis used where there is ant.i.thesis either expressed or implied.

83. _Is a whole Phrase ever made emphatic?_ It is often.

84. _For what purpose?_ To give it great force.

85. _What is the Emphatic pause?_ Pause made for emphasis.

86. _What is Ant.i.thesis?_ Two or more words opposed to each other in meaning.

87. _What is a Climax?_ A series of particulars increasing in importance to the last.

88. _What is Anti-climax?_ A series of particulars decreasing in importance to the last.

89. _What is meant by Transition?_ Any sudden change in reading.

90. _What is Emphatic repet.i.tion?_ Words repeated for emphasis.

91. _What is an Interrogation?_ A statement, or a.s.sertion, put in the form of a question.

92. _What is an Exclamation?_ A statement denoting strong emotions.

93. _What is Personation?_ One person imitating the actions and manners of some other person or persons.

94. _How many kinds of style in reading?_ Five.

95. _What are they?_ Description, Argument, Narration, Persuasion, Exhortation.

96. _What should be characteristic of the Descriptive style?_ The Speaker should use the same manner that he would if he were actually describing the thing spoken of.

97. _What should be characteristic of the Argumentative style?_ Directness and earnestness.

98. _What should characterize the Narrative?_ The Reader should proceed as though relating his own experience.

99. _What the Persuasive?_ Those tones, looks, and gestures which bring conviction to the hearer.

100. _What should characterize the Exhortative?_ The performer should appeal, beseech, and implore, as the case may require.

101. _What is the Slur?_ The smooth gliding of the voice in parenthetic clauses, etc.