The Causes of the Corruption of the Traditional Text of the Holy Gospels Part 31

[525] Cyril (iv. 104) paraphrases St. John i. 18 thus:--[Greek: autos gar Theos on ho monogenes, en kolpois on tou theou kai patros, tauten pros hemas epoiesato ten exegesin]. Presently (p. 105), he says that St.

John [Greek: kai "monogene theon" apokalei ton huion, kai "en kolpois"

einai phesi tou patros]. But on p. 107 he speaks quite plainly: [Greek: "ho monogenes," phesi, "Theos, ho on eis ton kolpon tou patros, ekeinos exegesato." epeide gar ephe "monogene" kai "Theon," t.i.thesin euthys, "ho on en tois kolpois tou patros."]--So v. 137, 768. And yet he reads [Greek: huios] in v. 365, 437: vi. 90.

[526] He uses it seventeen times in his Comm. on Isaiah (ii. 4, 35, 122, &c.), and actually so reads St. John i. 18 in one place (Opp. vi. 187).

Theodoret once adopts the phrase (Opp. v. 4).

[527] De Trin. 76, 140, 37a:--27.

[528] P. 117.

[529] Traditional Text, p. 113, where the references are given.

[530] Who quoted Arius' words:--'Subsist.i.t ante tempora et aeones _plenus Deus, unigenitus,_ et immutabilis.' But I cannot yet find Tischendorf's reference.

[531] The reading [Greek: Huios] is established by unanswerable evidence.

[532] The Gnostics Basilides and Valentinus were the direct precursors of Apolonius, Photinus, Nestorius, &c., in a.s.sailing the Catholic doctrine of the Incarnation. Their heresy must have been actively at work when St. John wrote his first (iv. 1, 2, 3) and second (ver. 7) Epistles.

[533] Rev. xxii. 19.

[534] [Greek: Epipedosin hemin hoi hairetikoi legontes; idou ouk anelabe sarka ho Christos; ho deut. gar phesin anthr. ho k. ex ouranou.] Chrys.

iii. 114 b.

[535] [Greek: Ten gar kata sarka gennesin tou Christou anelein boulomenoi, enellaxan to, ho deuteros anthropos; kai epoiesan, ho deuteros Kyrios.] Dial. [_ap._ Orig.] i. 868.--Marcion had in fact already subst.i.tuted [Greek: Kyrios] for [Greek: anthropos] in ver. 45: ('_the last Lord_ became a quickening spirit':) [Tertull. ii. 304]--a fabricated reading which is also found to have been upheld by Marcion's followers:--[Greek: ho eschatos Kyrios eis pn. zo.] Dial. _ubi supra_.

[Greek: edei gar autous, ei ge ta euangelia etimon, me peritemnein ta euangelia, me mere ton euangelion exyphelein, me hetera prosthenai, mete logo, mete idia gnome ta euangelia prosgraphein.... prosgegraphekasi goun hosa beboulentai, kai exypheilanto hosa kekrikasi.] t.i.tus of Bostra c. Manichaeos (Galland. v. 328).

[536] Tertull. ii. 304, (_Primus h.o.m.o de humo terrenus, secundus Dominus de Caelo_).

[537] Dial [Orig. i.] 868, ([Greek: ho deuteros Kyrios ex ouranou]).

[538] [Greek: To de panton chalepotaton en tais ekklesiastikais symphorais, he ton 'Apolinariston esti parresia.] Greg. Naz. ii. 167.

[539] ii. 168,--a very interesting place. See also p. 87.

[540] i. 831.

[541] ii. 443, 531.

[542] Pp. 180, 209, 260, 289, 307 (_primus h.o.m.o de terrae limo_, &c.).

[543] iii. 40.

[544] iii. 114 four times: x. 394, 395. Once (xi. 374) he has [Greek: ho deut. anthr. ouranios ex ouranou].

[545] iv. 1051.

[546] _Ap._ Thdt. v. 1135.

[547] _Ap._ Galland. viii. 626, 627.

[548] i. 222 (where for [Greek: anthr.] he reads [Greek: Adam]), 563.

Also ii. 120, 346.

[549] 'Adversus Manichaeos,'--_ap._ Mai, iv. 68, 69.

[550] ii. 228:--[Greek: ouch hoti ho anthropos, etoi to anthropinon proslemma, ex ouranou en, hos ho aphron Apolinarios elerei].

[551] Naz. ii. 87 (=Thdt. iv. 62), 168.--Nyss. ii. 11.

[552] _Ap._ Epiphan. i. 830.

[553] 559 (with the Text. Recept.): iv. 302 not.

[554] Hippolytus may not be cited in evidence, being read both ways.

(Cp. ed. Fabr. ii. 30:--ed. Lagarde, 138. 15:--ed. Galland. ii.

483.)--Neither may the expression [Greek: tou deuterou ex ouranou anthropou] in Pet. Alex. (ed. Routh, Rell. Sacr. iv. 48) be safely pressed.

[555] _Primus h.o.m.o de terra, terrenus: secundus h.o.m.o de caelo caelestis_.--i. 1168, 1363: ii. 265, 975. And so ps.-Ambr. ii. 166, 437.

[556] ii. 298: iv. 930: vii. 296.

[557] The places are given by Sabatier _in loc_.

[558] Only because it is the Vulgate reading, I am persuaded, does this reading appear in Orig. _interp_. ii. 84, 85: iii. 951: iv. 546.

[559] As Philastrius (_ap._ Galland. vii. 492, 516).--Pacia.n.u.s (ib.

275).--Marius Mercator (ib. viii. 664).--Capreolus (ib. ix. 493). But see the end of the next ensuing note.

[560] Vol. i. p. 1275,--[Greek: ho deuteros anthr. ho Kyrios ex ouranou ouranios]:--on which he remarks, (if indeed it be he), [Greek: idou gar amphoterothen ouranios anthropos onomazetai]. And lower down,--[Greek: Kyrios, dia ten mian hypostasin; deut. men anthr., kata ten henomenen anthropoteta. ex ouranou de, kata ten theoteta].--P. 448,--[Greek: ho deuteros anthr. ex ouranou epouranios].--_Ap._ Montf. ii. 13 (= Galland.

v. 167),--[Greek: ho deut. anthr. ex ouranou].--Note that Maximinus, an Arian bishop, A.D. 427-8 (_ap._ Augustin. viii. 663) is found to have possessed a text identical with the first of the preceding:--'Ait ipse Paulus, _Primus h.o.m.o Adam de terra terrenus, secundus h.o.m.o Dominus de Caelo caelestis_ advenit.'

[561] See Revision Revised, pp. 132-5: and The Traditional Text, p. 114.

[562] This paper is marked as having been written at Chichester in 1877, and is therefore earlier than the Dean's later series.

[563] Proleg. 418.

[564] The text of St. Luke ix. 51-6 prefixed to Cyril's fifty-sixth Sermon (p. 353) is the text of B and [Symbol: Aleph],--an important testimony to what I suppose may be regarded as the Alexandrine _Textus Receptus_ of this place in the fifth century. But then no one supposes that Cyril is individually responsible for the headings of his Sermons.

We therefore refer to the body of his discourse; and discover that the Syriac translator has rendered it (as usual) with exceeding licence. He has omitted to render some such words as the following which certainly stood in the original text:--[Greek: eidenai gar chre, hoti hos mepo tes neas kekratekotes charitos, all' eti tes proteras echomenoi synetheias, touto eipon, pros elian aphorontes ton pyri kataphlexanta dis tous pentekonta kai tous egoumenous auton], (Cramer's Cat. ii. p. 81. Cf.

Corderii, Cat. p. 263. Also Matthaei. N. T. _in loc._, pp. 333-4.) Now the man who wrote _that_, must surely have read St. Luke ix. 54, 55 as we do.

[565] See the fragment (and Potter's note), Opp. p. 1019: also Galland.

ii. 157. First in Hippolyt., Opp. ed. Fabric, ii. 71.

[566] In St. Matt. xviii. 11, the words [Greek: zetesai kai] do not occur.

[567] Bp. Kaye's Tertullian, p. 468. 'Agnosco iudicis severitatem. E contrario Christi in eandem animadversionem destinantes discipulos super ilium viculum Samaritarum.' Marc. iv. 23 (see ii. p. 221). He adds,--'Let Marcion also confess that by the same terribly severe judge Christ's leniency was foretold;' and he cites in proof Is. xlii. 2 and 1 Kings xix. 12 ('sed in _spiritu_ miti').

[568] Augustine (viii. 111-150, 151-182) writes a book against him. And he discusses St. Luke ix. 54-5 on p. 139.