The Nuttall Encyclopaedia Part 27

ANGERS' (77), on the Maine, the ancient capital of Anjou, 160 m. SW.

of Paris, with a fine cathedral, a theological seminary, and a medical school; birthplace of David the sculptor.

ANGERSTEIN, JOHN, born in St. Petersburg, a distinguished patron of the fine arts, whose collection of paintings, bought by the British Government, formed the nucleus of the National Gallery (1735-1822).

ANGI'NA PEC'TORIS, an affection of the heart of an intensely excruciating nature, the pain of which at times extends to the left shoulder and down the left arm.

ANGLER, a fish with a broad, big-mouthed head and a tapering body, both covered with appendages having glittering tips, by which, as it burrows in the sand, it allures other fishes into its maw.

ANGLES, a German tribe from Sleswig who invaded Britain in the 5th century and gave name to England.

AN'GLESEA (50), i. e. Island of the Angles, an island forming a county in Wales, separated from the mainland by the Menai Strait, flat, fertile, and rich in minerals.

ANGLESEY, MARQUIS OF, eldest son of the first Earl of Uxbridge, famous as a cavalry officer in Flanders, Holland, the Peninsula, and especially at Waterloo, at which he lost a leg, and for his services at which he received his t.i.tle; was some time viceroy in Ireland, where he was very popular (1768-1854).

ANGLIA, EAST territory in England occupied in the 6th century by the Angles, corresponding to counties of Norfolk and Suffolk.

ANG'LICAN CHURCH, the body of Episcopal churches all over the British Empire and Colonies, as well as America, sprung from the Church of England, though not subject to her jurisdiction, the term _Anglo-Catholic_ being applied to the High Church section.

ANGLO-SAXON, the name usually a.s.signed to the early inflected form of the English language.

ANGO'LA (2,400), a district on the W. coast of Africa, between the Congo and Benguela, subject to Portugal, the capital of which is St. Paul de Loando.

ANGO'RA (20), a city in the centre of Anatolia, in a district noted for its silky, long-haired animals, cats and dogs as well as goats.

ANGOSTU'RA, capital of the province of Guayana, in Venezuela, 240 m.

up the Orinoco; also a medicinal bark exported thence.

ANGOULeME' (31), an old French city on the Charente, 83 m. NE. of Bordeaux, with a fine cathedral, the birthplace of Marguerite de Valois and Balzac.

ANGOULeME, CHARLES DE VALOIS, DUC D', natural son of Charles IX., gained great reputation as a military commander, left Memoirs of his life (1575-1650).

ANGOULeME, DUC D', the eldest son of Charles X., after the Revolution of 1830 gave up his rights to the throne and retired to Goritz (1778-1844).

ANGOULeME, d.u.c.h.eSSE D', daughter of Louis XVI. and wife of the preceding (1778-1851).

AN'GRA, the capital of the Azores, on the island of Terceira, a fortified place.

AN'GRA PEQUE'NA, a port in SW. Africa, N. of the Orange River, and the nucleus of the territory belonging to Germany.

ANG'STROM, a Swedish physicist and professor at Upsala, distinguished for his studies on the solar spectrum; _b_. 1814.

ANGUIL'LA (2), or Snake Island, one of the Lesser Antilles, E. of Porto Rico, belonging to Britain.

ANGUIER, the name of two famous French sculptors in the 17th century.

AN'HALT (293), a duchy of Central Germany, surrounded and split up by Prussian Saxony, and watered by the Elbe and Saale; rich in minerals.

ANHALT-DESSAU, LEOPOLD, PRINCE OF, a Prussian field-marshal, served and distinguished himself in the war of the Spanish Succession and in Italy, was wounded at Ca.s.sano; defeated Charles XII. at the Isle of Rugen, and the Saxons and Austrians at Kesseldorf (1676-1747).

ANICHINI, an Italian medallist of the 16th century; executed a medal representing the interview of Alexander the Great with the High Priest of the Jews, which Michael Angelo p.r.o.nounced the perfection of the art.

ANILINE, a colourless transparent oily liquid, obtained chiefly from coal-tar, and extensively used in the production of dyes.

ANIMAL HEAT, the heat produced by the chemical changes which go on in the animal system, the intensity depending on the activity of the process.

ANIMAL MAGNETISM, a name given to the alleged effects on the animal system, in certain pa.s.sive states, of certain presumed magnetic influences acting upon it.

ANIMISM, a belief that there is a psychical body within the physical body of a living being, correspondent with it in attributes, and that when the connection between them is dissolved by death the former lives on in a ghostly form; in other words, a belief of a ghost-soul existing conjointly with and subsisting apart from the body, its physical counterpart.

AN'IO, an affluent of the Tiber, 4 m. above Rome; ancient Rome was supplied with water from it by means of aqueducts.

ANISE, an umbelliferous plant, the seed of which is used as a carminative and in the preparation of liqueurs.

ANJOU', an ancient province in the N. of France, annexed to the crown of France under Louis XI. in 1480; belonged to England till wrested from King John by Philip Augustus in 1203.