Manual of Military Training Part 135

=1544. When seated.= An enlisted man, if seated, rises on the approach of an officer, faces toward him, stands at attention, and salutes.

Standing he faces an officer for the same purpose. If the parties remain in the same place or on the same ground, such compliments need not be repeated.

=1545. Soldier indoors.= Indoors, an unarmed enlisted man uncovers and stands at attention upon the approach of an officer. If armed with rifle, he renders the rifle salute at the order or trail.

(Note. According to custom, the term "indoors" is interpreted as meaning military offices barracks, quarters and similar places,--it does not mean such public places as stores, storehouses, riding halls, stables, post exchange buildings, hotels, places of amus.e.m.e.nt, and railway and steamboat stations. In such places an unarmed soldier renders the right hand salute.)

=1546. Officers approaching number of soldiers in open.= When an officer approaches a number of enlisted men out of doors, the word "attention" should be given by someone who perceives him, when all stand at attention and all salute. It is customary for all to salute at or about the same instant, taking the time from the soldier nearest the officer, and who salutes when the officer is six paces from him.

=1547. At work.= Soldiers actually at work do not cease work to salute an officer unless addressed by him.

=1548. Riding in wagon.= A soldier riding in a wagon should salute officers that he pa.s.ses. He would salute without rising. Likewise, a soldier driving a wagon should salute, unless both hands are occupied.

=1549. Pa.s.sing officer on staircase.= It is customary for a soldier who is pa.s.sed by an officer on a staircase to come to a halt and stand at attention.

=1550. Addressing or being addressed by an officer.= Before addressing an officer, or when addressed by an officer, an enlisted man makes the prescribed salute with the weapon with which he is armed; or, if unarmed, with the right hand. He also makes the same salute after receiving a reply.

=1551. How salutes are rendered in uniform.= In uniform, covered or uncovered, but not in formation, officers and enlisted men salute military persons as follows: With arms in hand, the salute prescribed for that arm (sentinels on interior guard duty excepted); without arms, the right-hand salute.

=1552. Rifle salute.= Enlisted men out of doors and armed with the rifle, salute with the piece at the right shoulder; if indoors, the rifle salute is rendered at the order or trail.

=1553. Saber salute.= An enlisted man armed with the saber renders the saber salute, if the saber is drawn; otherwise he salutes with the hand.

=1554. Sentinels on post.= A soldier salutes with the "present arms"

only when actually on post as a sentinel doing interior guard duty. At all other times when armed with the rifle he salutes with the prescribed rifle salute.

The general rules and principles of saluting apply to sentinels on post doing interior guard duty, except, as just stated, they salute by presenting arms when armed with the rifle. However, they do not salute if it interferes with the proper performance of their duties.

=1555. How salutes are rendered in civilian dress.= In civilian dress, covered or uncovered, officers and enlisted men salute military persons with the right-hand salute.

=1556. Saluting in military manner.= Officers and enlisted men will render the prescribed salutes in a military manner.

=1557. Several officers together.= When several officers in company are saluted, all ent.i.tled to the salute shall return it.

=1558. Dismounting before addressing superior not mounted.= Except in the field under campaign or simulated campaign conditions, a mounted officer or soldier dismounts before addressing a superior officer not mounted.

=1559. Man addressed in formation.= A man in formation shall not salute when directly addressed, but shall come to attention if at rest or at ease.

=1560. In public places and conveyances.= In public conveyances, such as railway trains and street cars, and in public places, such as theaters, honors and personal salutes may be omitted when palpably inappropriate or apt to disturb or annoy civilians present.

For instance, as a rule, it may be said that an enlisted man riding in a street car, or in the act of purchasing goods in a store, or eating in a restaurant, would not salute unless addressed by an officer.

However, in case of a soldier occupying a seat in a crowded street or railway car, if he recognized a person standing to be an officer, it would be but an act of courtesy for him to raise, salute and offer the officer his seat.

=1561. Salutes by commanders of detachments or other commands.= Commanders of detachments or other commands will salute officers of grades higher than the person commanding the unit, by first bringing the unit to attention and then saluting as prescribed,--that is, with arms in hand, the salute prescribed for that arm; without arms in hand, the right-hand salute.

=1562. Officer pa.s.sing in rear of troops.= When an officer ent.i.tled to the salute pa.s.ses in rear of a body of troops, the troops are brought to attention when he is opposite the post of the commander.

=1563. Bringing command to present arms or sabers before commander salutes.= If the command is in line at a halt (not in the field) and armed with the rifle, or with sabers drawn, it shall be brought to _present arms_ or _present sabers_ before its commander salutes in the following cases: When the National Anthem is played, or when _to the color_ or _to the standard_ is sounded during ceremonies, or when a person is saluted who is its immediate or higher commander or a general officer, or when the national or regimental color is saluted.

=1564. No compliments paid at drill, on march, etc.= Salutes and honors, as a rule, are not paid by troops actually engaged in drill, on the march, or in the field under campaign or simulated campaign conditions. Troops on the service of security pay no compliments whatever.

=1565. No saluting at double time, trot or gallop.= Salutes are not rendered when marching in double time or at the trot or gallop. The soldier must first come to quick time or walk before saluting.

The question of gait applies to the person saluting and not to the one saluted,--so, a soldier would salute an officer pa.s.sing in double time or at a trot or gallop.

MISCELLANEOUS

=1566. Soldier walking with officer.= A soldier accompanying an officer walks on the officer's left and about one pace to his rear.

=1567. Prisoners do not salute.= Prisoners do not salute officers.

They merely stand at attention. In some commands it is customary for paroled prisoners and others who are not under the immediate charge of sentinels, to fold their arms when pa.s.sing or addressing officers.

=1568. Unmilitary salutes.= It is very unmilitary to salute with the coat unb.u.t.toned or with the hand in the pocket, or a cigarette, cigar or pipe in the mouth.

=1569. Headdress not raised in saluting.= The headdress must not be raised to ladies, but they must be given the military salute.

(War Dept. decision. August, 1913.)

=1570. Caution.= In saluting, the hand or weapon is held in the position of salute until the salute has been acknowledged or until the officer has pa.s.sed or has been pa.s.sed.

USUAL MISTAKES IN SALUTING

=1571.= The following are the mistakes usually made by soldiers in rendering salutes:

1. They do not begin the salute soon enough; often they do not raise the hand to the headdress until they are only a pace or two from the officer--the salute should always begin when at least six paces from the officer.

2. They do not turn the head and eyes toward the officer who is saluted--the head and eyes should always be turned toward the officer saluted and kept turned as long as the hand is raised.

3. The hand is not kept to the headdress until the salute is acknowledged by the officer--the hand should always be kept raised until the salute has been acknowledged, or it is evident the officer has not seen the saluter.

4. The salute is often rendered in an indifferent, lax manner--the salute should always be rendered with life, snap and vim; the soldier should always render a salute as if he _meant it_.

RESPECT TO BE PAID THE NATIONAL ANTHEM, THE COLORS AND STANDARDS

=1572. The National Anthem.= Whenever the National Anthem is played at any place when persons belonging to the military service are present, all officers and enlisted men not in formation shall stand at attention facing toward the music (except at retreat when they shall face toward the flag). If in uniform, covered or uncovered, or in civilian clothes, uncovered, they shall salute at the first note of the Anthem, retaining the position of salute until the last note of the Anthem. If not in uniform and covered, they shall uncover at the first note of the Anthem, holding the headdress opposite the left shoulder and so remain until its close, except that in inclement weather the headdress may be held slightly raised.

The same rules apply when "To the Color" or "To the Standard" is sounded as when the National Anthem is played.

=1573. National anthems of other nations.= The same marks of respect prescribed for observance during the playing of the National Anthem of the United States shall be shown toward the national anthem of any other country when played upon official occasions.

=1574. At retreat.= The flag will be lowered at the sounding of the last note of the retreat, and while the flag is being lowered the band will play the National Anthem, or, if there be no band present, the field music will sound "To the Color." When "To the Color" is sounded by the field music while the flag is being lowered the same respect will be observed as when the National Anthem is played by the band, and in either case officers and enlisted men out of ranks will face toward the flag, stand at attention, and render the prescribed salute.

=1575. Colors and standards.= Officers and enlisted men pa.s.sing the uncased color (or standard) will render honors as follows: If in uniform they will salute as described in par. 1551; if in civilian dress and covered, they will uncover, holding the headdress opposite the left shoulder with the right hand; if uncovered, they will salute with the right-hand salute.

By "Colors" and "Standards" is meant the national flags and the regimental flags that are carried by regiments and separate battalions. The national flag may be of either silk or bunting; the regimental flag is always of silk. In the Army Regulations the word "Color" is used in referring to regiments of Infantry, the Coast Artillery and battalions of Philippine Scouts, while "Standard" is used in reference to regiments of Cavalry and Field Artillery.