The Descent of Man and Selection in Relation to Sex Volume I Part 17

[30] Eschricht, Ueber die Richtung der Haare am menschlichen Korper 'Mullers Archiv fur Anat. und Phys.' 1837, s. 47. I shall often have to refer to this very curious paper.

[31] Paget, 'Lectures on Surgical Pathology,' 1853, vol. i. p.

71.

[32] Eschricht, ibid. s. 40, 47.

[33] Dr. Webb, 'Teeth in Man and the Anthropoid Apes,' as quoted by Dr. C. Carter Blake in 'Anthropological Review,'

July, 1867, p. 299.

[34] Owen, 'Anatomy of Vertebrates,' vol. iii. pp. 320, 321, and 325.

[35] 'On the Primitive Form of the Skull,' Eng. translat. in 'Anthropological Review,' Oct. 1868, p. 426.

[36] Owen, 'Anatomy of Vertebrates,' vol. iii. pp. 416, 434, 441.

[37] 'Annuario della Soc. d. Nat.' Modena, 1867, p. 94.

[38] M. C. Martins ("De l'Unite Organique," in 'Revue des Deux Mondes,' June 15, 1862, p. 16), and Hackel ('Generelle Morphologie,' B. ii. s. 278), have both remarked on the singular fact of this rudiment sometimes causing death.

[39] 'The Lancet,' Jan. 24, 1863, p. 83. Dr. Knox, 'Great Artists and Anatomists,' p. 63. See also an important memoir on this process by Dr. Grube, in the 'Bulletin de l'Acad. Imp. de St. Petersbourg,' tom. xii. 1867, p. 448.

[40] "On the Caves of Gibraltar," 'Transact. Internat. Congress of Prehist. Arch.' Third Session, 1869, p. 54.

[41] Quatref.a.ges has lately collected the evidence on this subject. 'Revue des Cours Scientifiques,' 1867-1868, p. 625.

[42] Owen, 'On the Nature of Limbs,' 1849, p. 114.

[43] Leuckart, in Todd's 'Cyclop. of Anat.' 1849-52, vol. iv.

p. 1415. In man this organ is only from three to six lines in length, but, like so many other rudimentary parts, it is variable in development as well as in other characters.

[44] See, on this subject, Owen, 'Anatomy of Vertebrates,' vol.

iii. pp. 675, 676, 706.

[45] See the evidence on these points, as given by Lubbock, 'Prehistoric Times,' p. 354, &c.

[46] 'L'Instinct chez les Insectes.' 'Revue des Deux Mondes,'

Feb. 1870, p. 690.

[47] 'The American Beaver and his Works,' 1868.

[48] 'The Principles of Psychology,' 2nd edit. 1870, pp.

418-443.

[49] 'Contributions to the Theory of Natural Selection,' 1870, p. 212

[50] 'Recherches sur les Murs des Fourmis,' 1810, p. 173.

[51] All the following statements, given on the authority of these two naturalists, are taken from Rengger's 'Naturges. der Saugethiere von Paraguay,' 1830, s. 41-57, and from Brehm's 'Thierleben,' B. i. s. 10-87.

[52] 'Bridgewater Treatise,' p. 263.

[53] W. C. L. Martin, 'Nat. Hist. of Mammalia,' 1841, p. 405.

[54] Quoted by Vogt, 'Memoire sur les Microcephales,' 1867, p.

168.

[55] 'The Variation of Animals and Plants under Domestication,'

vol. i. p. 27.

[56] 'Les Murs des Fourmis,' 1810, p. 150.

[57] Quoted in Dr. Maudsley's 'Physiology and Pathology of Mind,' 1868, pp. 19, 220.

[58] Dr. Jerdon, 'Birds of India,' vol. i. 1862, p. xxi.

[59] Mr. L. H. Morgan's work on 'The American Beaver,' 1868, offers a good ill.u.s.tration of this remark. I cannot, however, avoid thinking that he goes too far in underrating the power of Instinct.

[60] 'The Moor and the Loch,' p. 45. Col. Hutchinson on 'Dog Breaking,' 1850, p. 46.

[61] 'Personal Narrative,' Eng. translat., vol. iii. p. 106.

[62] Quoted by Sir C. Lyell, 'Antiquity of Man,' p. 497.

[63] 'Journal of Researches during the Voyage of the "Beagle,"'

1845, p. 398. 'Origin of Species,' 5th edit. p. 260.

[64] 'Lettres Phil. sur l'Intelligence des Animaux,' nouvelle edit. 1802, p. 86.

[65] See the evidence on this head in chap. i. vol. i. 'On the Variation of Animals and Plants under Domestication.'

[66] 'Proc. Zoolog. Soc.' 1864, p. 186.

[67] Savage and Wyman in 'Boston Journal of Nat. Hist.' vol.

iv. 1843-44, p. 383.

[68] 'Saugethiere von Paraguay,' 1830, s. 51-56.

[69] 'Thierleben,' B. i. s. 79, 82.

[70] 'The Malay Archipelago,' vol. i. 1869, p. 87.

[71] 'Primeval Man,' 1869, pp. 145, 147.

[72] 'Prehistoric Times,' 1865, p. 473, &c.

[73] Quoted in 'Anthropological Review,' 1864, p. 158.

[74] Rengger, ibid. s. 45.