Elements of Chemistry Part 35

To reduce Paris feet or inches into } English, multiply by } 1.065977 English feet or inches into Paris, } divide by }

To reduce Paris cubic feet or inches } to English, multiply by } English cubic feet or inches to Paris, } 1.211278 divide by }

Or by means of the following tables:

IV. _To Reduce Paris Long Measure to English._

The Paris royal foot of } } 12 inches } = 12.7977 } English The inch = 1.0659 } The line, or 1/12 of an inch = .0888 } inches.

The 1/12 of a line = .0074 }

V. _To Reduce English Long Measure to French._

The English foot = 11.2596 } The inch = .9383 } The 1/8 of an inch = .1173 } Paris inches.

The 1/10 = .0938 } The line, or 1/12 = .0782 }

VI. _To Reduce French Cube Measure to English._

The Paris } English { } cube foot = 1.211278 } cubical { 2093.088384 } The cubic } feet, { } inches.

inch = .000700 } or { 1.211278 }

VII. _To Reduce English Cube Measure to French._

The English cube foot, } or 1728 cubical inches } = 1427.4864 } French The cubical inch = .8260 } cubical The cube tenth = .0008 } inches.

-- 3. _Measure of Capacity._

The Paris pint contains 58.145[63] English cubical inches, and the English wine pint contains 28.85 cubical inches; or, the Paris pint contains 2.01508 English pints, and the English pint contains .49617 Paris pints; hence,

To reduce the Paris pint to the English, } multiply by } 2.01508.

To reduce the English pint to the } Paris, divide by }

No. VI.

TABLE _of the Weights of the different Ga.s.ses, at 28 French inches, or 29.84 English inches barometrical pressure, and at 10 (54.5) of temperature, expressed in English measure and English Troy weight._

Names of the Ga.s.ses. Weight of a Weight of a cubical inch. cubical foot.

(A) qrs. oz. dr. qrs.

Atmospheric air .32112 1 1 15 Azotic gas .30064 1 0 39.5 Oxygen gas .34211 1 1 51 Hydrogen gas .02394 0 0 41.26 Carbonic acid gas .44108 1 4 41 (B) Nitrous gas .37000 1 2 39 Ammoniacal gas .18515 0 5 19.73 Sulphurous acid gas .71580 2 4 38

[Note A: These five were ascertained by Mr Lavoisier himself.--E.]

[Note B: The last three are inserted by Mr Lavoisier upon the authority of Mr Kirwan.--E.]

No. VII.

_Tables_ _of the Specific Gravities of different bodies._

-- 1. _Metallic Substances._

GOLD.

Pure gold of 24 carats melted but not hammered 19.2581 The same hammered 19.3617 Gold of the Parisian standard, 22 carats fine, not hammered(A) 17.4863 The same hammered 17.5894 Gold of the standard of French coin, 21-22/32 carats fine, not hammered 17.4022 The same coined 17.6474 Gold of the French trinket standard, 20 carats fine, not hammered 15.7090 The same hammered 15.7746

[Note A: The same with Sterling.]

SILVER.

Pure or virgin silver, 24 deniers, not hammered 10.4743 The same hammered 10.5107 Silver of the Paris standard, 11 deniers 10 grains fine, not hammered(B) 10.1752 The same hammered 10.3765 Silver, standard of French coin, 10 deniers 21 grains fine, not hammered 10.0476 The same coined 10.4077

[Note B: This is 10 grs. finer than Sterling.]

PLATINA.

Crude platina in grains 15.6017 The same, after being treated with muriatic acid 16.7521 Purified platina, not hammered 19.5000 The same hammered 20.3366 The same drawn into wire 21.0417 The same pa.s.sed through rollers 22.0690

COPPER AND BRa.s.s.

Copper, not hammered 7.7880 The same wire drawn 8.8785 Bra.s.s, not hammered 8.3958 The same wire drawn 8.5441

IRON AND STEEL.

Cast iron 7.2070 Bar iron, either screwed or not 7.7880 Steel neither tempered nor screwed 7.8331 Steel screwed but not tempered 7.8404 Steel tempered and screwed 7.8180 Steel tempered and not screwed 7.8163

TIN.

Pure tin from Cornwall melted and not screwed 7.2914 The same screwed 7.2994 Malacca tin, not screwed 7.2963 The same screwed 7.3065 Molten lead 11.3523 Molten zinc 7.1908 Molten bis.m.u.th 9.8227 Molten cobalt 7.8119 Molten a.r.s.enic 5.7633 Molten nickel 7.8070 Molten antimony 6.7021 Crude antimony 4.0643 Gla.s.s of antimony 4.9464 Molybdena 4.7385 Tungstein 6.0665 Mercury 13.5681

-- 2. _Precious Stones._

White Oriental diamond 3.5212 Rose-coloured Oriental ditto 3.5310 Oriental ruby 4.2833 Spinell ditto 3.7600 Ballas ditto 3.6458 Brasillian ditto 3.5311 Oriental topas 4.0106 Ditto Pistachio ditto 4.0615 Brasillian ditto 3.5365 Saxon topas 3.5640 Ditto white ditto 3.5535 Oriental saphir 3.9941 Ditto white ditto 3.9911 Saphir of Puy 4.0769 Ditto of Brasil 3.1307 Girasol 4.0000 Ceylon jargon 4.4161 Hyacinth 3.6873 Vermillion 4.2299 Bohemian garnet 4.1888 Dodecahedral ditto 4.0627 Syrian ditto 4.0000 Volcanic ditto, with 24 sides 2.4684 Peruvian emerald 2.7755 Crysolite of the jewellers 2.7821 Ditto of Brasil 2.6923 Beryl, or Oriental aqua marine 3.5489 Occidental aqua marine 2.7227

-- 3. _Silicious Stones._

Pure rock cristal of Madagascar 2.6530 Ditto of Brasil 2.6526 Ditto of Europe, or gelatinous 2.6548 Cristallized quartz 2.6546 Amorphous ditto 2.6471 Oriental agate 2.5901 Agate onyx 2.6375 Transparent calcedony 2.6640 Carnelian 2.6137 Sardonyx 2.6025 Prase 2.5805 Onyx pebble 2.6644 Pebble of Rennes 2.6538 White jade 2.9502 Green jade 2.9660 Red jasper 2.6612 Brown ditto 2.6911 Yellow ditto 2.7101 Violet ditto 2.7111 Gray ditto 2.7640 Jasponyx 2.8160 Black prismatic hexahedral schorl 3.3852 Black spary ditto 3.3852 Black amorphous schorl, called antique basaltes 2.9225 Paving stone 2.4158 Grind stone 2.1429 Cutler's stone 2.1113 Fountainbleau stone 2.5616 Scyth stone of Auvergne 2.5638 Ditto of Lorrain 2.5298 Mill stone 2.4835 White flint 2.5941 Blackish ditto 2.5817

-- 4. _Various Stones, &c._

Opake green Italian serpentine, or gabro of the Florentines 2.4295 Coa.r.s.e Briancon chalk 2.7274 Spanish chalk 2.7902 Foliated lapis ollaris of Dauphiny 2.7687 Ditto ditto from Sweden 2.8531 Muscovy talc 2.7917 Black mica 2.9004 Common schistus or slate 2.6718 New slate 2.8535 White rasor hone 2.8763 Black and white hone 3.1311 Rhombic or Iceland cristal 2.7151 Pyramidal calcareous spar 2.7141 Oriental or white antique alabaster 2.7302 Green Campan marble 2.7417 Red Campan marble 2.7242 White Carara marble 2.7168 White Parian marble 2.8376 Various kinds of calcareous stones } from 1.3864 used in France for building. } to 2.3902 Heavy spar 4.4300 White fluor 3.1555 Red ditto 3.1911 Green ditto 3.1817 Blue ditto 3.1688 Violet ditto 3.1757 Red scintilant zeolite from Edelfors 2.4868 White scintilant zeolite 2.0739 Cristallized zeolite 2.0833 Black pitch stone 2.0499 Yellow pitch stone 2.0860 Red ditto 2.6695 Blackish ditto 2.3191 Red porphyry 2.7651 Ditto of Dauphiny 2.7033 Green serpentine 2.8960 Black ditto of Dauphiny, called variolite 2.9339 Green ditto from Dauphiny 2.9883 Ophites 2.9722 Granitello 3.0626 Red Egyptian granite 2.6541 Beautiful red granite 2.7609 Granite of Girardmas 2.7163 Pumice stone .9145 Lapis obsidia.n.u.s 2.3480 Pierre de Volvic 2.3205 Touch stone 2.4153 Basaltes from Giants Causeway 2.8642 Ditto prismatic from Auvergne 2.4153 Gla.s.s gall 2.8548 Bottle gla.s.s 2.7325 Green gla.s.s 2.6423 White gla.s.s 2.8922 St Gobin cristal 2.4882 Flint gla.s.s 3.3293 Borax gla.s.s 2.6070 Seves porcelain 2.1457 Limoges ditto 2.3410 China ditto 2.3847 Native sulphur 2.0332 Melted sulphur 1.9907 Hard peat 1.3290 Ambergrease .9263 Yellow transparent amber 1.0780

-- 5. _Liquids._