Roget's Thesaurus Part 1

Roget's Thesaurus.

by Peter Mark Roget.

CLa.s.s I

WORDS EXPRESSING ABSTRACT RELATIONS

SECTION I. EXISTENCE

1. BEING, IN THE ABSTRACT --

#1. Existence.-- N. existence, being, ent.i.ty, ens[Lat], esse[Lat], subsistence.

reality, actuality; positiveness &c. adj.; fact, matter of fact, sober reality; truth &c. 494; actual existence.

presence &c. (existence in s.p.a.ce) 186; coexistence &c. 120.

stubborn fact, hard fact; not a dream &c. 515; no joke.

center of life, essence, inmost nature, inner reality, vital principle.

[Science of existence], ontology.

V. exist, be; have being &c. n.; subsist, live, breathe, stand, obtain, be the case; occur &c. (event) 151; have place, prevail; find oneself, pa.s.s the time, vegetate.

consist in, lie in; be comprised in, be contained in, be const.i.tuted by.

come into existence &c. n.; arise &c. (begin) 66; come forth &c.

(appear) 446.

become &c. (be converted) 144; bring into existence &c. 161.

abide, continue, endure, last, remain, stay.

Adj. existing &c. v.; existent, under the sun; in existence &c. n.; extant; afloat, afoot, on foot, current, prevalent; undestroyed.

real, actual, positive, absolute; true &c. 494; substantial, substantive; self-existing, self-existent; essential.

well-founded, well-grounded; unideal[obs3], unimagined; not potential &c. 2; authentic.

Adv. actually &c. adj.; in fact, in point of fact, in reality; indeed; de facto, ipso facto.

Phr. ens rationis[Lat]; ergo sum cogito: "thinkest thou existence doth depend on time?" [Lat][Byron].

#2. Inexistence.-- N. inexistence[obs3]; nonexistence, nonsubsistence; nonent.i.ty, nil; negativeness &c. adj.; nullity; nihility[obs3], nihilism; tabula rasa[Lat], blank; abeyance; absence &c. 187; no such thing &c. 4; nonbeing, nothingness, oblivion.

annihilation; extinction &c. (destruction) 162; extinguishment, extirpation, Nirvana, obliteration.

V. not exist &c. 1; have no existence &c. 1; be null and void; cease to exist &c. 1; pa.s.s away, perish; be extinct, become extinct &c. adj.; die out; disappear &c. 449; melt away, dissolve, leave not a rack behind; go, be no more; die &c. 360.

annihilate, render null, nullify; abrogate &c. 756; destroy &c. 162; take away; remove &c. (displace) 185; obliterate, extirpate.

Adj. inexistent[obs3], nonexistent &c. 1; negative, blank; missing, omitted; absent &c. 187; insubstantial, shadowy, spectral, visionary.

unreal, potential, virtual; baseless, in nubibus[Lat]; unsubstantial &c. 4; vain.

unborn, uncreated[obs3], unbegotten, unconceived, unproduced, unmade.

perished, annihilated, &c. v.; extinct, exhausted, gone, lost, vanished, departed, gone with the wind; defunct &c. (dead) 360.

fabulous, ideal &c. (imaginary) 515, supposit.i.tious &c. 514.

Adv. negatively, virtually &c. adj.

Phr. non ens[Lat].

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-- 2. BEING, IN THE CONCRETE --

#3. Substantiality. -- N. substantiality, hypostasis; person, being, thing, object, article, item; something, a being, an existence; creature, body, substance, flesh and blood, stuff, substratum; matter &c. 316; corporeity[obs3], element, essential nature, groundwork, materiality, substantialness, vital part.

[Totality of existences], world &c. 318; plenum.

Adj. substantive, substantial; hypostatic; personal, bodily, tangible &c. (material) 316; corporeal.

Adv. substantially &c. adj.; bodily, essentially.

#4. Unsubstantiality. -- N. unsubstantiality[obs3], insubstantiality; nothingness, nihility[obs3]; no degree, no part, no quant.i.ty, no thing.

nothing, naught, nil, nullity, zero, cipher, no one, n.o.body; never a one, ne'er a one[contr]; no such thing, none in the world; nothing whatever, nothing at all, nothing on earth; not a particle &c. (smallness) 32; all talk, moons.h.i.+ne, stuff and nonsense; matter of no importance, matter of no consequence, thing of naught, man of straw, John Doe and Richard Roe, f.a.ggot voter; nominis umbra[Lat], nonent.i.ty; flash in the pan, vox et praeterea nihil[Lat].

shadow; phantom &c.(fallacy of vision) 443; dream &c. (imagination) 515; ignis fatuus &c. (luminary) 423[Lat]; "such stuff as dreams are made of" [Tempest]; air, thin air, vapor; bubble &c. 353; "baseless fabric of a vision" [Tempest]; mockery.

hollowness, blank; void &c. (absence) 187.

inanity, fool's paradise.

V. vanish, evaporate, fade, dissolve, melt away; disappear &c. 449.

Adj. unsubstantial; baseless, groundless; ungrounded; without foundation, having no foundation.

visionary &c. (imaginary) 515; immaterial &c. 137; spectral &c. 980; dreamy; shadowy; ethereal, airy; cloud built, cloud formed; gossamery, illusory, insubstantial, unreal.

vacant, vacuous; empty &c. 187; eviscerated; blank, hollow; nominal; null; inane.

Phr. there's nothing in it; "an ocean of dreams without a sound"

[Sh.e.l.ley].

-- 3. FORMAL EXISTENCE

Internal conditions --

#5. Intrinsicality.-- N. intrinsicality[obs3], inbeing[obs3], inherence, inhesion[obs3]; subjectiveness; ego; egohood[obs3]; essence, noumenon; essentialness[obs3] &c. adj.; essential part, quintessence, incarnation, quiddity, gist, pith, marrow, core, sap, lifeblood, backbone, heart, soul; important part &c. (importance) 642.

principle, nature, const.i.tution, character, type, quality, crasis[obs3], diathesis[obs3].

habit; temper, temperament; spirit, humor, grain; disposition.

endowment, capacity; capability &c. (power) 157.

moods, declensions, features, aspects; peculiarities &c. (speciality) 79; idiosyncrasy, oddity; idiocrasy &c. (tendency) 176[obs3]; diagnostics.

V. be in the blood, run in the blood; be born so; be intrinsic &c.

adj.

Adj. derived from within, subjective; intrinsic, intrinsical[obs3]; fundamental, normal; implanted, inherent, essential, natural; innate, inborn, inbred, ingrained, inwrought; coeval with birth, genetous[obs3], haematobious[obs3], syngenic[obs3]; radical, incarnate, thoroughbred, hereditary, inherited, immanent; congenital, congenite ; connate, running in the blood; ingenerate[obs3], ingenite ; indigenous; in the grain &c. n.; bred in the bone, instinctive; inward, internal &c. 221; to the manner born; virtual.

characteristic &c. (special) 79, (indicative) 550; invariable, incurable, incorrigible, ineradicable, fixed.

Adv. intrinsically &c. adj.; at bottom, in the main, in effect, practically, virtually, substantially, au fond; fairly.

Phr. "character is higher than intellect" [Emerson]; "come give us a taste of your quality" magnos homines virtute metimur non fortuna [Lat][ Hamlet][Nepos]; non numero haec judicantur sed pondere [Lat][Cicero]; "vital spark of heavenly flame" [Pope].

-- External conditions --

#6. Extrinsicality.-- N. extrinsicality[obs3], objectiveness, non ego; extraneousness &c. 57; accident; appearance, phenomenon &c. 448.

Adj. derived from without; objective; extrinsic, extrinsical[obs3]; extraneous &c. (foreign) 57; modal, advent.i.tious; ascit.i.tious[obs3], adscit.i.tious[obs3]; incidental, accidental, nonessential; contingent, fortuitous.

implanted, ingrafted[obs3]; inculcated, infused.

outward, apparent &c. (external) 220.

Adv. extrinsically &c. adj.

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-- 4. MODAL EXISTENCE

Absolute --

#7. State. -- N. state, condition, category, estate, lot, ease, trim, mood, pickle, plight, temper; aspect &c. (appearance) 448, dilemma, pa.s.s, predicament.

const.i.tution, habitude, diathesis[obs3]; frame, fabric &c. 329; stamp, set, fit, mold, mould.