Graded Lessons in English Part 3

4. Exercise strengthens.

5. Rain falls.

6. Time flies.

7. Rowdies fight.

8. Bread nourishes.

9. Boats capsize.

10. Water flows.

11. Students learn.

12. Horses gallop.

LESSON 7.

a.n.a.lYSIS AND THE DIAGRAM.

+Hints for Oral Instruction+.--I will draw on the board a heavy, or shaded, line, and divide it into two parts, thus:

We will consider the first part as the sign of the _subject_ of a sentence, and the second part as the sign of the _predicate_ of a sentence.

Now, if I write a word over the first line, thus--(doing it)--you will understand that that word is the subject of a sentence. If I write a word over the second line, thus--you will understand that that word is the predicate of a sentence.

Planets | revolve ============|=========== |

The cla.s.s can see by this picture that _Planets revolve_ is a sentence, that _planets_ is the subject, and that _revolve_ is the predicate.

These signs, or ill.u.s.trations, made up of straight lines, we call +Diagrams+.

+DEFINITION.--A _Diagram_ is a picture of the offices and relations of the different parts of a sentence+.

_a.n.a.lyze_ and _diagram_ the following sentences.

1. Waves dash.

2. Kings reign.

3. Fruit ripens.

4. Stars s.h.i.+ne.

5. Steel tarnishes.

6. Insects buzz.

7. Paul preached.

8. Poets sing.

9. Nero fiddled.

10. Larks sing.

11. Water ripples.

12. Lambs frisk.

13. Lions roar.

14. Tigers growl.

15. Breezes sigh.

16. Carthage fell.

17. Morning dawns.

18. Showers descended.

19. Diamonds sparkle.

20. Alexander conquered.

21. Jupiter thunders.

22. Columbus sailed, 23. Grammarians differ.

24. Cornwallis surrendered.

LESSON 8.

SENTENCE-BUILDING.

You have now learned to a.n.a.lyze sentences, that is, to separate them into their parts. You must next learn to put these parts together, that is, to _build sentences_.

We will find one part, and you must find the other and do the building.

+To the Teacher+.--Let some of the pupils write their sentences on the board, while others are reading theirs. Then let the work on the board be corrected.

Correct any expression that does not make _good sense_, or that a.s.serts something not strictly true; for the pupil should early be taught to _think accurately_, as well as to write and speak grammatically.

Correct all mistakes in _spelling_, and in the use of _capital letters_ and the _period_.

Call attention to the agreement in form of the predicate with the subject.

See Notes, p. 163.

Insist on neatness. Collect the papers before the recitation closes.

+CAPITAL LETTER-RULE.--The first word of every sentence must begin with a _capital letter_+.

+PERIOD--RULE.--A _period_ must be placed after every sentence that simply affirms, denies, or expresses a command+.

Construct sentences by supplying a _subject_ to each of the following _predicates_.

Ask yourself the question, What swim, sink, hunt, etc.?

1. ---- swim.

2. ---- sinks.

3. ---- hunt.

4. ---- skate.

5. ---- jingle.

6. ---- decay.

7. ---- climb.

8. ---- creep.

9. ---- run.

10. ---- walk.

11. ---- snort.

12. ---- kick.