Graded Lessons in English Part 37

LESSON 91.

CONJUGATION OF THE VERB.

+DEFINITIONS+.

+_Conjugation_ is the regular arrangement of all the forms of the verb+.

+_Synopsis_ is the regular arrangement of the forms of one number and person in all the modes and tenses+.

+_Auxiliary Verbs_ are those that help in the conjugation of other verbs+.

The auxiliaries are _do_, _be_, _have_, _shall_, _will_, _may_, _can_, and _must_.

+The _Princ.i.p.al Parts_ of a verb are the present indicative or the present infinitive, the past indicative, and the past participle+.

These are called _princ.i.p.al parts_, because all the other forms of the verb are derived from them.

We give, below, the _princ.i.p.al parts_ of some of the most important _irregular verbs_. Learn them.

_Present_. _Past_. _Past. Par._ Be _or_ am, was, been.

Begin, began, begun.

Blow, blew, blown.

Break, broke, broken.

Choose, chose, chosen.

Come, came, come.

Do, did, done.

Draw, drew, drawn.

Drink, drank, drunk.

Drive, drove, driven.

Eat, ate, eaten.

Fall, fell, fallen.

Fly, flew, flown.

Freeze, froze, frozen.

Go, went, gone.

Get, got, got _or_ gotten.

Give, gave, given.

Grow, grew, grown.

Have, had, had.

Know, knew, known.

Lay, laid, laid.

Lie, (to rest) lay, lain.

Ride, rode, ridden.

Ring, rang _or_ rung, rung.

Rise, rose, risen.

Run, ran, run.

See, saw, seen.

Set, set, set.

Sit, sat, sat.

Shake, shook, shaken.

Sing, sang _or_ sung, sung.

Slay, slew, slain.

Speak, spoke, spoken.

Steal, stole, stolen.

Swim, swam _or_ swum, swum.

Take, took, taken.

Tear, tore, torn.

Throw, threw, thrown.

Wear, wore, worn.

Write, wrote, written.

The following irregular verbs are called +_Defective_,+ because some of their parts are wanting.

_Present_. _Past_. | _Present_. _Past_.

--------------------|--------------------- Can, could. | Will, would.

May, might. | Must, ---- Shall, should. | Ought, ----

LESSON 92.

CONJUGATION OF THE VERB +SEE+ IN THE SIMPLE FORM.

+PRINc.i.p.aL PARTS+.

_Pres_. _Past_. _Past Par._ See, saw, seen.

INDICATIVE MODE.

PRESENT TENSE.

_Singular_. _Plural_.

1. I see, 1. We see, 2. You see, _or_ 2. You see, Thou seest, 3. He sees; 3. They see.

PAST TENSE.

1. I saw, 1. We saw, 2. You saw, _or_ 2. You saw, Thou sawest, 3. He saw; 3. They saw.

FUTURE TENSE.

1. I shall see, 1. We shall see, 2. You will see, _or_ 2. You will see, Thou wilt see, 3. He will see; 3. They will see.

PRESENT PERFECT TENSE.

1. I have seen, 1. We have seen, 2. You have seen, _or_ 2. You have seen, Thou hast seen 3. He has seen; 3. They have seen.

PAST PERFECT TENSE.

1. I had seen, 1. We had seen, 2. You had seen, _or_ 2. You had seen, Thou hadst seen, 3. He had seen; 3. They had seen.