The Makers of Canada: Index and Dictionary of Canadian History Part 23

=Duncan, Alexander.= =D= Sails for North-West Coast with Colnett, 22; confirms discovery of Portlock and Dixon that Queen Charlotte Islands are not part of mainland, 22.

=Duncan, Richard.= =S= Member of Legislative Council, 79.

=Duncan, William.= =D= Sent out from England, 1856, by Church of England Missionary Society, 270; establishes native industrial community at Metla Kahtla, 270; dispute with ecclesiastical authorities, and removal to Alaska, 270. =Bib.=: Walbran, _British Columbia Coast Names_; Arctander, _Apostle of Alaska: the Story of William Duncan_.

=Duncombe, Charles.= Medical doctor. Resided at Burford Plains, near Brantford. Elected to the Legislature, 1824, and re-elected, 1836. After the failure of the Rebellion, escaped to the United States. In 1843 returned to Canada, but remained only for a short time. =Mc= Complains to Glenelg of Head, 315; deals with York election, 316; his letter referred to a committee, 321; report of the committee, 322; a.s.sembles his forces at Brantford, 425; retreats to Scotland village, 425; increased by one thousand, 425; men disperse, 426; amnestied, 474.

=Bib.=: Dent, _Upper Canadian Rebellion_.

=Dundas, George= (1819-1880). Lieutenant-governor of Prince Edward Island, 1859-1869. Afterwards lieutenant-governor of St. Vincent, West India Islands, where he died.

=Dundas, Henry.= _See_ Melville.

=Dundas Street.= Also known as the Governor's Road. Built by Governor Simcoe; connected London with the village of Dundas. Place and road were named after the then secretary for the colonies. =Index=: =S= Name given by Simcoe to his military road from Burlington Bay to site of present city of London, 201. =BL= Its extent, 8.

=Dunfermline, James Abercromby, first Baron= (1776-1858). Sat in British Parliament, 1807, 1812-1830 and 1832; Speaker of House of Commons, 1835-1839. =Index=: =Sy= Governor-generals.h.i.+p of Canada tendered to, 58.

=Bib.=: _Dict. Nat. Biog_.

=Dunkin, Christopher= (1811-1881). Born in London, England. Educated at the Universities of London and Glasgow. Emigrated to America; studied at Harvard University, and for a time tutor of Greek in that inst.i.tution.

Came to Canada about 1836, and engaged in newspaper work. Appointed secretary to the Education Commission, 1838, and subsequently secretary to the Post-office Commission. a.s.sistant-secretary for Lower Canada, 1841-1847; called to the bar, 1846. Unsuccessfully contested the county of Drummond for a seat in the Legislative a.s.sembly, 1844, but elected to represent Drummond and Arthabaska, 1857. Defeated, 1861, but elected for the county of Brome, 1862. Retained his seat until Confederation, when elected by the same county to the House of Commons. At first an opponent of Confederation, but afterwards a strong supporter. Provincial treasurer of Quebec, 1867; entered the Dominion Cabinet as minister of agriculture, 1869. Appointed a judge of the Superior Court of Quebec, 1871; held office until his death. Name a.s.sociated with the Canada Temperance Act, better known as the "Dunkin Act." =Bib.=: Dent's _Can.

Por._ and _Last Forty Years_.

=Dunlop, William= (1795?-1848). Born in Scotland. Served as a regimental surgeon in War of 1812 and in India. Came to Canada in 1826, with John Galt (_q.v._); and took part in the establishment of the Canada Company (_q.v._). In Scotland, had been the intimate of John Wilson ("Christopher North," of _Blackwood's_), Maginn, and Hogg, and had done some literary work, which he continued in Canada. Founded the Toronto Literary Club, 1836. Represented Huron in the Legislature, 1841-1846.

=Index=: =BL= Attacks proposed reconstruction of ministry, 1842, 132; significance of his nickname of "Tiger," 132. _See also_ Canada Company; Galt; Talbot. =Bib.=: _Statistical Sketches of Upper Canada_. For biog., _see_ Lizars, _Days of the Canada Company_ and _Humours of '37_; Dent, _Last Forty Years_; Rattray, _The Scot in British North America_; Morgan, _Bib. Can._

=Dunmore, John Murray, Earl of= (1732-1809). Royal governor of Virginia, appointed 1771. Returned to England after the Revolutionary War, and in 1786 appointed governor of the Bermudas. =Index=: =Hd= His letter to Haldimand, 92. =Bib.=: _Cyc. Am. Biog._

=Dunn, John Henry.= Came to Canada in 1820, from England.

Receiver-general and member of Executive and Legislative Councils of Upper Canada. Died in London, 1854. =Index=: =BL= Receiver-general, appointed to Council by Head, 38-39; receiver-general, 1841, 76; a moderate Reformer, 78; Baldwin's confidence in, 78; retains office under La Fontaine-Baldwin government, 134; beaten in Toronto, 1844, 253. =Sy= Made receiver-general of united province, 283, 332. =Mc= Appointed executive councillor, 294; resigns, 294. =Bib.=: Dent, _Last Forty Years_.

=Dunn, Oscar= (1844-1885). Journalist. =Index=: =C= His statements as to Cartier's quarrel with Macdonald over terms of British North America Act, 103. =Bib.=: _Cyc. Am. Biog._

=Dunn, Robert.= =S= Presbyterian clergyman, performed marriage services in contravention of the law, 164; second clergyman to settle in Niagara district, 165; drowned in wreck of the _Speedy_, 165.

=Dunn, Thomas= (1731-1818). Engaged in mercantile life; came to Canada shortly after the conquest. In 1764 appointed a member of the first Legislative Council of Quebec. A member of the new Council formed under Quebec Act, and one of the five selected by Carleton for the Special Privy Council. On the pa.s.sing of the Const.i.tutional Act, appointed one of the first executive and legislative councillors of the Lower Province, and during five different periods acted as president of the Legislative Council. On departure of Sir Robert Milnes, in 1805, a.s.sumed the administration of the province and continued to act until the arrival of Sir James Craig in October, 1807. Again in 1811, during the interval between the departure of Sir James Craig and the arrival of Sir George Prevost, entrusted with the administration. =Index=: =Dr= Appointed judge, 183. =Bk= Becomes civil administrator with t.i.tle of president on departure of Sir R.S. Milnes, 69, 73; differences with Brock, 77; confident of loyalty of French-Canadians, 86; calls out one-fifth of militia, 94, 96; becomes administrator again on departure of Craig, 157. =Bib.=: Morgan, _Cel. Can._; Christie, _History of Lower Canada_.

=Dunning, John.= _See_ Ashburton.

=Dunvegan.= A trading-post on the left bank of the Peace River, about lat. 56, and long. 118 40'. Built by A. R. McLeod for the North West Company about the beginning of the nineteenth century. It was named after the "cold, bleak, rock-built castle of the McLeods of Skye."

Daniel Williams Harmon stationed there, 1808-1810, and Simon Fraser visited him there on his way east from exploring the river that bears his name. =Bib.=: Burpee, _Search for the Western Sea_.

=Du Parc, Jean G.o.det, Sieur.= =Ch= Comes to Canada, 47; left in charge of colony (1610), 60.

=Dupleix, General.= =WM= Abandonment of, by French government, 53.

=Duplessis-Bochart, Guillaume Guillemot.= Sent to Canada, 1632, by the Company of New France. Led a trading expedition up the Ottawa River, 1636. Killed by the Iroquois at Three Rivers, 1651. =Index=: =Ch= Presents pictures to church of Notre-Dame de la Recouvrance, 240; brings out settlers, 252.

=Du Plessis Bonneau, Thomas, Sieur.= =Ch= Director of Company of New France, 170.

=Duplessis de Ste. Helene, Mere Andre.= =L= Her piety, 92.

=Duplessis-Mornay.= _See_ Mornay.

=Duplessis, Pacifique.= Came to Canada with Champlain, 1615. Returned to France, 1618. Came again, 1619, and died the same year. =Index=: =Ch= Recollet missionary, 85; death of, 117. =Bib.=: Douglas, _Old France in the New World_; Parkman, _Pioneers of France_.

=Dupont, Nicolas.= =F= Member of Sovereign Council, 106. =L= Member of Sovereign Council, 158, 166.

=Dupont.= =Ch= Name given by Champlain to the Nicolet River, 52.

=Dupont-Grave.= _See_ Pont-Grave.

=Duprat, Captain.= =WM= Brings word of impending attack on left of French position, 138.

=Dupuis, Captain.= =L= Heads mission established at Gannentaha, 65, 67.

=Dupuy, Claude Thomas.= Intendant of New France, 1726-1728. Although a man of some ability, was extremely pretentious and self-opinionated, and became involved in constant quarrels with the governor and the bishop.

=Bib.=: Roy, _Intendants de la Nouvelle-France_ (R. S. C., 1903).

=Duquesne de Menneville, Michel Ange, Marquis de.= Appointed governor of New France 1752, in succession to La Jonquiere. His policy was to intercept communication between New England and the western Indians and thus to restore the Indians to dependence on France. In the spring of 1753 sent a force of a thousand men under Morin to the Ohio district; a fort was built at Presque Isle and another, Fort Le Boeuf, inland on River Le Boeuf. Disease made ravages among the troops, and while 300 were left to garrison the forts, the remainder were compelled to return to Montreal, and Duquesne's plans for a further advance were frustrated.

Nevertheless the Indians were brought into submission to the French.

Improved the organization of the government of the colony, and through thorough discipline raised the efficiency of the colonial troops.

Succeeded in 1755 by the Marquis de Vaudreuil. =Bib.=: Parkman, _Montcalm and Wolfe_; Bradley, _The Fight for Canada_; Fiske, _New France and New England_.

=Durell, Philip.= Second-in-command, under Admiral Saunders, before Quebec, 1759. =Index=: =WM= Instructed to cruise off St. Lawrence, 75; makes some captures, 78; arrives at Ile-aux-Coudres, and establishes camp, 88; his grandson captured, 90. =Bib.=: Wood, _Logs of the Conquest of Canada_ and _The Fight for Canada_; Doughty, _Siege of Quebec_.

=Durham, John George Lambton, Earl of= (1792-1840). Entered British Parliament, 1814, for county of Durham, and won recognition as an advanced Reformer. Brought forward plan of parliamentary reform in 1821.

Raised to peerage, 1828. Member of Grey's ministry, 1830. Sent to St.

Petersburg on special mission, 1833. Amba.s.sador to Russia, 1836. Sent to Canada in 1838 to bring order out of the chaos of the Rebellion. His famous Report followed. His policy in Canada excited much opposition both in Great Britain and Canada. The House of Lords voted disapproval of some of his acts, and he took the extraordinary step of returning to England without either being recalled or obtaining the royal consent.

Nevertheless the wisdom of his recommendations has since been abundantly justified. Died at Cowes, in the Isle of Wight, soon after his return.

=Index=: =Mc= "A man ahead of his time," 6, 7; speech on the Reform Bill, 14, 15; his report on the Const.i.tutional Act, 55; on the position of lieutenant-governor, 56; on the Legislative Council, 57; on the Executive Council, 58, 63, 64; says Reformers are justified in demanding responsible executive, 59, 67, 68, 69; points out powerlessness of a.s.sembly, 60; on the Family Compact, 62, 65; Clergy Reserves one of the chief causes of Rebellion, 71, 72; on evils arising from Const.i.tutional Act, 75, 76; says representative government was guaranteed by Const.i.tutional Act, 76; his report justifies Reformers, 77; Stuart J.

Reid on the Report, 78, 79; a.n.a.logy between Report and "Seventh Report on Grievances," 79, 80; Union Act of 1840 based on Report, 80; recommends responsible government, 81; authors.h.i.+p of Report, 82, 83; on Head's interference in election, 309; on the causes of disaffection, 402; the remedy, 403. =Md= On representation by population, 71; on federal union, 93-95. =T= His views on union, 61. =C= His inquiry and report, 11-12; Poulett Thomson sent out to Canada to give effect to his recommendations, 12; would merge French-Canadians in the Anglo-Saxon race, 12; exposes frauds of Const.i.tution of 1791, 13; in favour of ministerial responsibility, 96. =H= His report before Nova Scotia Legislature, 53; advocates Intercolonial Railway, 99. =P= On Papineau's refusal to accept Lord G.o.derich's offer of control of the revenue, 77; exiles leaders of Rebellion to Bermuda, 138; his action vetoed by Imperial government, 139; vindicates his action in a parting proclamation, 139; on the system of government in Lower Canada, 157; denied access to Canadian doc.u.ments in Paris archives, 165; his scheme for union of the Canadas arouses opposition of French-Canadians, 170.

=R= Ryerson on, 115; Ryerson supports his recommendations, 117; his Report, 120-122. =MS= Comes to Canada, 243; his Report, 243; appoints Adam Thom to his staff, 245. =Sy= His lack of discretion, 57, 89; his Report, 85, 89-97, 345; his Report welcomed by British party in Lower Canada, 95; and Reformers of Upper Canada, 96; criticized in report of the Upper Canada a.s.sembly, 97-100; also in report of committee of Legislative Council, 100-103; quoted against his own Report, 162. =B= On causes of Rebellion in Lower Canada, 11, 53; his remedy for political discontent, 12, 13; estimates numerical strength of Church of England in Upper Canada, 52-53; his Report quoted, on land grants, 53-54; on representation, 82-83; and Confederation, 129; his plan of legislative union, 263. =BL= On political situation in Upper Canada, 17; and Lower Canada, 17; in period of reconstruction, 50; sent to Canada, 53; previous career, 53; his arbitrary methods in Canada, 54; attacked in House of Lords, and his ordinance granting amnesty disallowed, 55; his proclamation, 55; his recall, 55; his Report, 55-58; Imperial government acts upon his advice, 59; his recommendations, 66; recommends responsible government, 137, 273; John Stuart Mill on, 149; on the duties of the governor, 161, 163; his Report quoted by Baldwin, 222; and Elgin, 274; eulogized by Draper, 277. =E= His characteristics as a statesman, 2; his daughter marries Lord Elgin, 14; sound principles laid down in his Report indicated by Lord Elgin, 15; compared with Elgin, 15; sums up nature of conflict in Lower Canada, 18; advocates ultimate domination of English element, 23, 55; his views on representative government, 25-26; on land grants to United Empire Loyalists, 144-145; on Clergy Reserves, 148, 154-155; on American misconstruction of conditions in Canada, 190-191; on economic conditions in Canada in 1838-1839, 191; suggests remedies, 192-193, 194, 195. =Bib.=: _Report on the Affairs of British North America_; Haliburton, _Reply to the Report of the Earl of Durham_; Bradshaw, _Self-Government in Canada_; Egerton and Grant, _Canadian Const.i.tutional Development_; Garnett, _The Authors.h.i.+p of Lord Durham's Report_; Christie, _History of Lower Canada; Dict. Nat. Biog.; Dict. Eng. Hist._; Morgan, _Cel. Can._; Dent, _Can.

Por._; Reid, _Life and Letters of Lord Durham_.

=Dutch Colonists.= =Ch= Their relations with the Iroquois, 52. =Dr= Admixture of, among United Empire Loyalists, 240. =Bk= Emigration of, from Pennsylvania to Upper Canada, 49.

=Duval, Jean.= =F= Executed for conspiracy against Champlain, 8. =Ch= Locksmith, accompanies Champlain to Quebec, 41; leads conspiracy to a.s.sa.s.sinate him, 42; executed, 43. =Bib.=: Parkman, _Pioneers of France_.

=Duval, Jean Francois Joseph= (1801-1881). Born in Quebec. Studied law and called to the bar of Lower Canada, 1823. Represented Quebec in the a.s.sembly, 1830-1834. Appointed to the bench, 1839; judge of the Superior Court, 1852; judge of the Queen's Bench, 1855; chief justice of the Queen's Bench, 1864; retired, 1874. Died in Quebec. =Index=: =E= Member of Seigniorial Court, 187. =Bib.=: Dent, _Last Forty Years_.

=Du Verger, Father.= =Ch= Promotes Recollet mission to Canada, 83.

=Du Vernet.= =Ch= Interpreter, 144.

=Du Vignau, Nicolas.= =Ch= His alleged discoveries, 74-77, interpreter, 144. =Bib.=: Champlain, _Voyages_; Parkman, _Pioneers of France_.

=Earthquake of 1663.= Known in Canadian history as the "Great Earthquake." The most extravagant accounts have come down as to the circ.u.mstances attending this earthquake, but it was undoubtedly the most serious disturbance of the earth's crust, in Canadian territory, of which we have any record. It affected chiefly the valley of the St.

Lawrence from Montreal to the gulf, a region more susceptible to seismic disturbance than any other in Eastern Canada. Kingsford cites contemporary reports of similar phenomena in 1638 and 1766. =Index=: =F= Described by Avaugour, 46-47. =L= Lalemant's account of, 42-45; Marie de l'Incarnation on, 45; conversions resulting from, 45-46. =Bib.=: Charlevoix, _Histoire de la Nouvelle France_; Lalemant, _Relation, 1663_; Ragueneau, _Vie de Catherine de St. Augustin_; Marie de l'Incarnation, _Lettres_; Parkman, _Old Regime_; Kingsford, _History of Canada_.