Studies of American Fungi. Mushrooms, Edible, Poisonous, etc. Part 36

=3=--=Annulus= present, gills attached. =Stropharia.= 31

=Annulus= wanting, veil remaining attached to margin of pileus. =Hypholoma.= 26

=4=--=Stipe= tenacious, margin of pileus first incurved. 5

=Stipe= fragile, margin of pileus at first straight. =Psathyra.=

=5=--=Gills= sub-triangularly decurrent. =Deconica.=

=Gills= not decurrent. =Psilocybe.=

But few species of Psathyra, Deconica, Chitonia and Pilosace are noted from the United States. None are here described.

THE BLACK-SPORED AGARICS.

=Pileus= present to which the gills are attached. 1

=Pileus= wanting, gills attached to a disk at apex of stem from which they radiate. =Montagnites.=[G]

=1=--=Gills= more or less deliquescing, or pileus thin, membranous and splitting between the laminae of the gills and becoming more or less plicate. =Coprinus.= 32

=Gills= not deliquescing, etc. 2

=2=--=Spores= globose, ovoid. 3

=Spores= elongate, fusiform (in some species brown), plants with a slimy envelope. =Gomphidius.= 49

=3=--=Pileus= somewhat fleshy, not striate, projecting beyond the gills at the margin; gills variegated in color from groups of dark spores on the surface. 4

=Pileus= somewhat fleshy, margin striate, gills not variegated. =Psathyrella.= 48

=4=--=Annulus= wanting, but veil often present. =Panaeolus.= 45

=Annulus= wanting, veil appendiculate on margin of cap. =Chalymotta.= 48

=Annulus= present. =Anellaria.=

GLOSSARY OF THE MORE TECHNICAL TERMS USED IN THIS WORK.

Abbreviations:

cm. = centimeter (about 2-1/2 cm. make one inch).

mm. = millimeter (about 25 mm. make 1 inch).

= one micron (1000 = 1 mm.).

Adnate, said of the gills when they are attached squarely, or broadly, to the stem.

Adnexed, said of gills when they are attached only slightly or only by the upper angle of the stem.

Anastomose, running together in a net-like manner.

Annulus, the ring or collar around the stem formed from the inner or partial veil.

Appendiculate, said of the veil when it clings in fragments to the margin of the pileus.

Arachnoid, said of the veil when it is cobwebby, that is, formed of loose threads.

Ascus, the club-shaped body which bears the spores inside (characteristic of the Ascomycetes).

Basidium (pl. basidia) the club-shaped body which bears the spores in the Basidiomycetes. These stand parallel, and together make up the entire or large part of the hymenium or fruiting surface which covers the gills, etc. Paraphyses (sterile cells) and sometimes cystidia (longer sterile cells) or spines are intermingled with the basidia.

Bulbous, said of the enlarged lower end of the stem in some mushrooms.

Circ.u.mscissile, splitting transversely across the middle, used to indicate one of the ways in which the volva ruptures.

Cortina, a cobwebby veil.

Cuticle, the skin-like layer on the outside of the pileus.

Decurrent, said of the gills when they extend downward on the stem.

Diffluent, said of the gills when they dissolve into a fluid.

Dimidiate, halved, said of a sessile pileus semi-circular in form and attached by the plane edge directly to the wood.

Echinulate, term applied to minute spinous processes, on the spores for example.

Eccentric, said of a stem when it is attached to some other point than the center of the pileus.

Fimbriate, in the form of a delicate fringe.

Fistulose, becoming hollow.

Floccose, term applied to indicate delicate and soft threads, cottony extensions from the surface of any part of the mushroom.

Flocculose, minutely floccose.

Fugacious, disappearing.

Fuliginous (or fuligineous), dark brown, sooty or smoky.