Cotton is King, and Pro-Slavery Arguments Part 23

======================================================================= EXPORTS TO VARIOUS PLACES. YEARS. TOTAL CROP. ------------------------------------------------- OTHER ENGLAND. FRANCE. POINTS. TOTAL. ------ ------------- ----------- ----------- ----------- ------------- 1840 871,134,000 498,716,400 178,986,000 72,698,800 750,401,200 1841 653,978,000 343,496,800 139,510,400 42,303,600 525,290,800 1842 673,429,600 374,252,400 159,251,600 52,594,800 586,098,800 1843 551,550,000 587,884,400 138,455,600 77,714,800 804,052,000 1844 812,163,600 480,999,200 113,074,000 57,722,800 651,796,000 1845 957,801,200 575,722,400 143,742,800 114,037,200 433,502,400 1846 840,214,800 440,497,600 143,881,200 81,888,000 666,716,800 1847 711,460,400 332,363,600 96,594,400 67,530,800 496,488,800 1848 939,053,600 529,706,000 111,668,800 101,929,600 1,743,304,400 1849 1,091,437,600 615,160,400 147,303,600 128,672,400 891,141,600 1850 838,682,400 422,708,400 115,850,800 77,502,800 636,062,000 1851 942,102,800 565,306,000 120,534,200 107,634,800 795,484,000 1852 1,206,011,600 667,499,600 168,550,000 141,408,800 977,458,400 1853 1,305,152,800 694,744,000 170,691,200 145,924,800 1,011,360,000 1854 1,172,010,800 641,500,000 149,623,200 136,536,000 927,659,200 1855 1,138,935,600 619,886,400 163,972,400 113,824,000 897,683,600 1856 1,411,138,000 768,554,400 192,254,800 221,033,200 1,181,842,400 1857 1,175,807,600 571,548,000 165,342,800 164,172,000 901,062,800 1858 1,245,584,800 723,986,400 153,600,800 158,594,800 1,036,181,000 1859 1,606,800,000 ........... ........... ........... 1,208,561,200 -----------------------------------------------------------------------

======================================== CONSUMPTION OF YEARS. U. S. NORTH OF STOCK ON HAND VIRGINIA. 1ST SEPTEMBER.

------ --------------- ----------------- 1840 118,077,200 23,376,800 1841 118,915,200 28,991,600 1842 107,140,000 12,722,800 1843 130,051,600 37,794,400 1844 138,697,600 63,908,800 1845 155,602,400 39,368,000 1846 169,038,800 42,848,800 1847 171,186,800 85,934,800 1848 212,708,800 68,587,200 1849 207,215,600 61,901,200 1850 195,107,600 67,172,000 1851 161,643,200 51,321,600 1852 241,211,600 36,470,400 1853 268,403,600 54,257,200 1854 244,228,400 27,120,600 1855 237,433,600 28,667,200 1856 261,091,600 25,668,400 1857 280,855,200 17,703,200 1858 184,692,800 40,410,000 1859 304,087,200 ..........

[Ill.u.s.tration: Right Index] Consumption for Virginia and South of that State, for 1859, is estimated at 66,973,600 lbs. The _crop_ year closes, August 31st.

TABLE VII.

STATEMENT OF THE VALUE OF COTTON MANUFACTURES, OF FOREIGN PRODUCTION, WHICH WERE IMPORTED INTO THE UNITED STATES; AND THE VALUE OF THE COTTON GOODS MANUFACTURED IN THE UNITED STATES, AND EXPORTED, DURING THE YEARS STATED--THE YEAR ENDING JUNE 30.

=================================================================== FOREIGN DOMESTIC FOREIGN DOMESTIC YEARS. IMPORTS. EXPORTS. YEARS. IMPORTS. EXPORTS.

------ ------------- ------------ ------ ------------- ----------- 1840. $ 6,504,484 $3,549,607 1850. $20,108,719 $4,734,424 1841. 11,757,036 3,122,546 1851. 22,164,442 7,241,205 1842. 9,578,515 2,970,690 1852. 19,689,496 7,672,151 1843. 2,958,796 3,223,550 1853. 27,731,313 8,768,894 1844. 13,641,478 2,898,780 1854. 33,949,503 5,535,516 1845. 13,863,282 4,327,928 1855. 17,757,112 5,857,181 1846. 13,530,625 3,545,481 1856. 25,917,999 6,967,309 1847. 15,192,875 4,082,523 1857. 28,685,726 6,115,177 1848. 18,421,589 5,718,205 1858. 17,965,130 5,651,504 1849. 15,754,841 4,933,129 1859. 26,026,140 8,316,222 --------------------------------------------------------------------

NOTE. Of the goods imported, a part were re-exported, and the remainder was used in the United States. The re-exports stood as follows, beginning with 1840:--$1,103,489--$929,056--$836,892--$314,040--$404,648 --$502,553--$673,203--$486,135--$1,216,172--$571,082--$427,107--$677,940 --$977,030--$1,254,363--$1,468,179--$2,012,554--$1,580,495--$570,802-- $390,988.--_Congress Report on Finances._

STATEMENT SHOWING THE AMOUNT OF COFFEE IMPORTED INTO THE UNITED STATES ANNUALLY, WITH THE AMOUNT TAKEN FOR CONSUMPTION, DURING THE YEARS 1850 TO 1858, INCLUSIVE--THE YEAR ENDING DECEMBER 31.

=============================================== YEARS. RECEIPTS. CONSUMPTION.

------ -------------------- ------------------- 1850. lbs. 152,580,310 lbs. 134,539,736 1851. 216,043,870 181,225,700 1852. 205,542,855 204,991,595 1853. 193,112,300 175,687,790 1854. 182,473,853 179,481,083 1855. 283,214,533 210,378,287 1856. 230,913,150 218,225,490 1857. 217,871,839 172,565,934 1858. 227,656,186 251,255,099 -----------------------------------------------

NOTE. The New York _s.h.i.+pping and Commercial List_, to which we are indebted for these statements, says, that it includes the quant.i.ty withdrawn from our markets, and forwarded inland to Canada and the British Provinces; the amount of which is not ascertained, but will not vary greatly from 2,230,000 lbs., for the last year.

TABLE VIII.

STATEMENT EXHIBITING THE VALUE OF THE EXPORTS FROM THE UNITED STATES, OF BREADSTUFFS AND PROVISIONS; THE AMOUNT AND VALUE OF COTTON EXPORTED, WITH THE AVERAGE COST, IN CENTS, PER POUND; AND THE AMOUNT OF TOBACCO EXPORTED, FROM 1821 TO 1859 INCLUSIVE: THE YEAR FROM 1821 TO 1842 ENDING SEPTEMBER 30, AND FROM 1844 TO 1859 ENDING JUNE 30,--THE YEAR 1843 INCLUDING ONLY NINE MONTHS.

=========================================================================== COTTON. AVERAGE BREADSTUFFS ------------------------------ COST PER AND lb. IN TOBACCO YEARS. PROVISIONS. POUNDS. VALUE. CENTS. UNMANUFACTURED.

----- ------------ --------------- -------------- --------- --------------- 1821 $12,341,901 124,893,405 $20,157,484 16.2 $5,648,962 1822 13,886,856 144,675,095 24,035,058 16.6 6,222,838 1823 13,767,847 173,723,270 20,445,520 11.8 6,282,672 1824 15,059,484 142,369,663 21,947,401 15.4 4,855,566 1825 11,634,449 176,449,907 36,846,649 20.9 6,115,623 1826 11,303,496 204,535,415 25,025,214 12.2 5,347,208 1827 11,685,556 294,310,115 29,359,545 10 6,577,123 1828 11,461,144 210,590,463 22,487,229 10.7 5,269,960 1829 13,131,858 264,837,186 26,575,311 10 4,982,974 1830 12,075,430 298,459,102 29,674,883 9.9 5,586,365 1831 17,538,227 276,979,784 25,289,492 9.1 4,892,388 1832 12,424,703 322,215,122 31,724,682 9.8 5,999,769 1833 14,209,128 324,698,604 36,191,105 11.1 5,755,968 1834 11,524,024 384,717,907 49,448,402 12.8 6,595,305 1835 12,009,399 387,358,992 64,961,302 16.8 8,250,577 1836 10,614,130 423,631,307 71,284,925 16.8 10,058,640 1837 9,588,359 444,211,537 63,240,102 14.2 5,795,647 1838 9,636,650 595,952,297 61,566,811 10.3 7,392,029 1839 14,147,779 413,624,212 61,238,982 14.8 9,832,943 1840 19,067,535 743,941,061 63,870,307 8.5 9,883,957 1841 17,196,102 530,204,100 54,330,341 10.2 12,576,703 1842 16,902,876 584,717,017 47,593,464 8.1 9,540,755 1843 11,204,123 792,297,106 49,119,806 6.2 4,650,979 1844 17,970,135 663,633,455 54,063,501 8.1 8,397,255 1845 16,743,421 872,905,996 51,739,643 5.92 7,469,819 1846 27,701,121 547,558,055 42,767,341 7.81 8,478,270 1847 68,701,921 527,219,958 53,415,848 10.34 7,242,086 1848 37,472,751 814,274,431 61,998,294 7.61 7,551,122 1849 38,155,507 1,026,602,269 66,396,967 6.4 5,804,207 1850 26,051,373 635,381,604 71,984,616 11.3 9,951,023 1851 21,948,651 927,237,089 112,315,317 12.11 9,219,251 1852 25,857,027 1,093,230,639 87,965,732 8.05 10,031,283 1853 32,985,322 1,111,570,370 109,456,404 9.85 11,319,319 1854 65,941,323 987,833,106 93,596,220 9.47 10,016,046 1855 38,895,348 1,008,424,601 88,143,844 8.74 14,712,468 1856 77,187,301 1,351,431,701 128,382,351 9.49 12,221,843 1857 74,667,852 1,048,282,475 131,575,859 12.55 20,662,772 1858 50,683,285 1,118,624,012 131,386,661 11.70 17,009,767 1859 38,171,881 1,372,755,006 161,434,923 11.75 21,074,038 ------------ --------------- -------------- --------------- $961,545,275 $23,366,357,434 $2,383,027,536 $339,274,520 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

NOTE. The articles exported which are not included above, are as follows, for 1859:--product of the sea, $4,462,974; product of the forest, $14,489,406; cotton piece goods, manufactured tobacco, spirits, seeds, hemp, and various other articles, $31,579,008. The value of the manufactured tobacco, exported in 1859, and included in the last item, was over $3,334,401, which, added to the $21,074,038, of unmanufactured included above, makes the total exports of tobacco for that year amount to $24,408,439.

TABLE IX.

STATEMENT EXHIBITING THE VALUE OF FOREIGN GOODS IMPORTED AND TAKEN FOR CONSUMPTION, IN THE UNITED STATES; THE VALUE OF DOMESTIC PRODUCE OF THE UNITED STATES EXPORTED, EXCLUSIVE OF SPECIE; THE VALUE OF SPECIE AND BULLION IMPORTED, AND THE VALUE OF SPECIE AND BULLION EXPORTED, FROM 1821 TO 1859 INCLUSIVE: THE YEAR FROM 1821 TO 1842 ENDING SEPTEMBER 30, AND FROM 1844 TO 1859 ENDING JUNE 30,--THE YEAR 1843 INCLUDING ONLY NINE MONTHS.

===================================================================== IMPORTS ENTERED DOMESTIC PRODUCE FOR CONSUMPTION, EXPORTED, SPECIE AND BULLION.

YEARS. EXCLUSIVE OF EXCLUSIVE OF --------------------------- SPECIE. SPECIE. IMPORTED. EXPORTED.

------ ---------------- ----------------- ------------- ------------- 1821 $43,696,405 $43,671,894 $8,064,890 $10,477,969 1822 68,367,425 49,874,079 3,369,846 10,810,180 1823 51,308,936 47,155,408 5,097,896 6,372,987 1824 53,846,567 50,649,500 8,379,835 7,014,552 1825 66,375,722 66,944,745 6,150,765 8,787,659 1826 57,652,577 52,449,855 6,880,966 4,704,533 1827 54,901,108 57,878,117 8,151,130 8,014,880 1828 66,975,475 49,976,632 7,489,741 8,243,476 1829 54,741,571 55,087,307 7,403,612 4,924,020 1830 49,575,009 58,524,878 8,155,964 2,178,773 1831 82,808,110 59,218,583 7,305,945 9,014,931 1832 75,327,688 61,726,529 5,907,504 5,656,340 1833 83,470,067 69,950,856 7,070,368 2,611,701 1834 86,973,147 80,623,662 17,911,632 2,076,758 1835 122,007,974 100,459,481 13,131,447 6,477,775 1836 158,811,392 106,570,942 13,400,881 4,324,336 1837 113,310,571 94,280,895 10,516,414 5,976,249 1838 86,552,598 95,560,880 17,747,116 3,508,046 1839 145,870,816 101,625,533 8,595,176 8,776,743 1840 86,250,335 111,660,561 8,882,813 8,417,014 1841 114,776,309 103,636,236 4,988,633 10,034,332 1842 87,996,318 91,798,242 4,087,016 4,813,539 1843 37,294,129 77,686,354 22,390,559 1,520,791 1844 96,390,548 99,531,774 5,830,429 5,454,214 1845 105,599,541 98,455,330 4,070,242 8,606,495 1846 110,048,859 101,718,042 3,777,732 3,905,268 1847 116,257,595 150,574,844 24,121,289 1,907,024 1848 140,651,902 130,203,709 6,360,224 15,841,616 1849 132,565,168 131,710,081 6,651,240 5,404,648 1850 164,032,033 134,900,233 4,628,792 7,522,994 1851 200,476,219 178,620,138 5,453,592 29,472,752 1852 195,072,695 154,931,147 5,505,044 42,674,135 1853 251,071,358 189,869,162 4,201,382 27,486,875 1854 275,955,893 215,156,304 6,958,184 41,436,456 1855 231,650,340 192,751,135 3,659,812 56,247,343 1856 295,650,938 266,438,051 4,207,632 45,745,485 1857 333,511,295 278,906,713 12,461,799 69,136,922 1858 242,678,413 251,351,033 19,274,496 52,633,147 1859 324,258,159 278,392,080 7,434,789 63,887,411 ---------------- ----------------- ------------- ------------- $5,064,761,199 $4,540,620,945 $332,476,827 $522,100,369 ---------------------------------------------------------------------

NOTE. There is usually re-exported from twenty to thirty million dollars worth of the foreign articles imported. In 1859 the re-exports were to the value of $14,509,971; in 1858 they were $30,886,142; in 1857 they were $23,975,617; and in 1856, but $16,378,578. By adding the re-exports to the imports entered for consumption, the product will show the whole amount of the imports. The above figures are from the Congressional Report on Finances, 1857-8, and the Report on Commerce and Navigation, 1859.

TABLE X.

STATEMENT SHOWING THE AMOUNT OF CANE SUGAR CONSUMED IN THE UNITED STATES, ANNUALLY, WITH THE PROPORTIONS THAT ARE DOMESTIC OR FOREIGN, DURING THE YEARS STATED--THE YEAR ENDING DECEMBER 31.

---------------------------------------------------------------- ------- ------------------ ------------------ ------------------ YEARS. FOREIGN. DOMESTIC. TOTAL.

------- ------------------ ------------------ ------------------ 1850. lbs. 319,420,800 lbs. 283,183,040 lbs. 603,603,840 1851. 406,530,880 240,661,120 646,206,400 1852. 440,289,920 265,796,160 706,086,080 1853. 449,366,400 386,128,960 835,495,360 1854. 337,912,960 522,954,560 863,067,520 1855. 431,432,960 304,731,520 846,164,480 1856. 594,254,080 276,568,320 848,422,400 1857. 541,553,600 87,360,000 628,913,600 1858. 548,257,920 310,740,160 870,222,080 ------- ------------------ ------------------ ------------------

STATEMENT SHOWING THE AMOUNT, IN GALLONS, OF MOLa.s.sES CONSUMED IN THE UNITED STATES, ANNUALLY, WITH THE PROPORTIONS WHICH ARE FOREIGN OR DOMESTIC, DURING THE YEARS STATED--THE YEAR ENDING DECEMBER 31.

---------------------------------------------------------------- ------- ------------------ ------------------ ------------------ YEARS. FOREIGN. DOMESTIC. TOTAL.

------- ------------------ ------------------ ------------------ 1850. Gals. 24,806,949 Gals. 12,202,300 Gals. 37,019,249 1851. 33,238,278 10,709,740 43,948,018 1852. 29,417,511 18,840,000 48,258,511 1853. 28,576,821 26,930,000 55,536,821 1854. 24,437,019 32,053,000 56,493,019 1855. 23,533,423 24,251,207 47,266,085 1856. 23,014,878 16,584,000 39,608,878 1857. 23,266,404 5,242,380 28,508,784 1858. 24,795,374 20,373,790 45,169,164 ------- ------------------ ------------------ ------------------

NOTE. The above table is taken from the _s.h.i.+pping and Commercial List, and New York Price Current_, January 22, 1859. The sources of supply are the same as when the first edition went to press, and the proportions from slave labor and free labor countries respectively, has undergone very little change. The year ends December 31st, while the Congressional fiscal year ends June 30th.

The value of imports of Sugar, for the year ending June 30, 1858, from a few princ.i.p.al countries, stood thus: Cuba, $15,555,409; Porto Rico, $3,584,503; British West Indies, $386,546; British Guiana, $255,481; British Honduras, $26; Hayti, $851; San Domingo, $5,529.

TABLE XI.

COTTON IMPORTED INTO GREAT BRITAIN FROM VARIOUS COUNTRIES, QUANt.i.tY RE-EXPORTED, AND STOCK ON HAND DECEMBER 31, FOR A SERIES OF YEARS, IN POUNDS. BY DEDUCTING THE EXPORTS AND THE STOCK ON HAND AT THE END OF EACH YEAR FROM THE WHOLE IMPORTS, THE REMAINDER IS THE QUANt.i.tY TAKEN FOR CONSUMPTION.

========================================================== From From From United From Mediterranean. East YEARS. States. Brazil. Indies. ------+-----------+-----------+--------------+-----------+ 1840. 487,856,504 14,779,171 8,324,937 77,011,839 1841. 358,240,964 16,671,348 9,097,180 97,388,153 1842. 414,030,779 15,222,828 4,489,017 92,972,609 1843. 574,738,520 18,675,123 9,674,076 65,709,729 1844. 517,218,662 21,084,744 12,406,327 88,639,776 1845. 626,650,412 20,157,633 14,614,699 58,437,426 1846. 401,949,393 14,746,321 14,278,447 34,540,143 1847. 364,599,291 19,966,922 4,814,268 83,934,614 1848. 600,247,488 19,971,378 7,231,861 84,101,961 1849. 634,504,050 30,738,133 17,369,843 70,838,515 1850. 493,153,112 30,299,982 18,931,414 118,872,742 1851. 596,638,962 19,339,104 16,950,525 122,626,976 1852. 765,630,544 26,506,144 48,058,640 84,922,432 1853. 658,451,796 24,190,628 28,353,575 181,848,160 1854. 722,151,346 19,703,600 23,503,003 119,836,009 1855. 681,629,424 24,577,952 32,904,153 145,179,216 1856. 780,040,016 21,830,704 34,616,848 180,496,624 1857. 654,758,048 29,910,832 24,882,144 250,338,144 1858. 732,403,840 16,466,800 34,867,840 138,253,360 ------+-----------+-----------+--------------+-----------+

================================================================== West Indies and Other Total Amount Stocks, YEARS. Guiana. Countries. Imported. Exported. December 31.

------+--------------------+-------------+-----------+----------- 1840. 866,157 3,649,402 592,488,010 38,673,229 233,600,000 1841. 1,533,197 5,061,513 487,992,355 37,673,586 247,760,000 1842. 593,603 4,441,250 531,750,086 45,251,248 269,760,000 1843. 1,260,444 3,135,224 673,193,116 39,620,000 368,280,000 1844. 1,707,194 5,054,641 646,111,304 47,222,560 414,760,000 1845. 1,394,447 725,336 721,979,953 42,916,384 478,160,000 1846. 1,201,857 1,140,113 467,856,274 65,930,704 263,520,000 1847. 793,933 598,587 474,707,615 74,954,320 204,760,000 1848. 640,437 827,036 713,020,161 74,019,792 239,440,000 1849. 944,307 1,074,164 755,469,012 98,893,536 263,760,000 1850. 228,913 2,090,698 663,576,861 102,469,696 248,960,000 1851. 446,529 1,377,653 757,379,749 111,980,400 237,600,000 1852. 703,696 3,960,992 929,782,448 111,894,303 322,960,000 1853. 350,428 2,084,162 895,278,749 148,596,680 327,000,000 1854. 409,110 1,730,081 887,333,149 123,326,112 282,520,000 1855. 468,452 6,992,755 891,751,952 124,368,100 226,600,000 1856. 462,784 6,439,328 1,023,886,304 146,660,864 197,080,000 1857. 1,443,568 7,986,160 969,318,896 131,928,720 217,040,000 1858. 9,862,272 931,847,056 153,035,680 184,782,000 ------+--------------------+-------------+-----------+-----------

AVERAGE WEEKLY CONSUMPTION OF COTTON IN EUROPE, FOR A SERIES OF YEARS, IN POUNDS.[135]

================================================================== COUNTRIES. 1850. 1851. 1852. 1853. --------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- France 2,830,800 2,869,200 4,230,000 3,607,200 Belgium 453,600 446,000 653,600 615,200 Holland 415,200 415,200 546,000 469,200 Germany 661,200 846,000 976,800 1,107,600 Trieste 915,200 884,400 1,038,400 792,400 Genoa, Naples, etc. 223,200 238,400 376,800 392,000 Spain 592,400 707,200 730,400 653,600 Russia, Norway, etc. 1,169,200 1,169,200 1,622,800 1,600,000 ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- Total on Continent 7,260,800 7,575,600 10,174,800 9,237,200 Add Great Britain 11,650,000 12,795,200 14,316,000 14,545,200 ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- Total weekly European Consumption 18,910,800 20,370,800 24,490,800 23,882,400 ------------------------------------------------------------------

=========================================================================== COUNTRIES. 1854. 1855. 1856. 1857. 1858.

-------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- France 3,400,000 3,684,400 4,046,000 3,438,400 Belgium 538,400 484,400 615,200 438,400 Holland 661,200 684,400 761,200 753,200 Germany 1,592,400 822,800 1,900,000 444,800 Trieste 715,200 651,200 746,000 576,800 Genoa, Naples, etc. 322,800 439,400 846,000 692,000 Spain 715,200 876,800 938,400 692,000 Russia, Norway, etc. 1,030,800 961,600 1,769,200 1,538,400 ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- Total on Continent 8,976,000 9,414,000 11,622,000 9,786,000 Add Great Britain 15,131,600 16,161,200 16,794,800 15,626,000 16,533,200 ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- Total weekly European Consumption 24,107,600 25,575,200 28,416,800 25,412,000 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------