The Manual of the Botany of the Northern United States Part 13

Three-nine-celled ovary; leaves heath-like. EMPETRACEae, 487

Three-celled ovary; leaves broad. RHAMNACEae, 111

One--two-celled ovary; styles or stigmas 2-cleft.

URTICACEae, 461

One-celled ovary; style and stigma single and entire.

Anthers opening longitudinally. THYMELaeACEae, 448

Anthers opening by uplifted valves. LAURACEae, 446

[B.] _Flowers moncious or dicious, one or both sorts in catkins._

[1.] _Only one sort of flowers in catkins or catkin-like heads._

Fertile flowers in a short catkin, head, or strobile. URTICACEae, 461

Fertile flowers single or cl.u.s.tered; sterile in slender catkins (except in f.a.gus).

Leaves pinnate; fertile flowers and fruit naked. JUGLANDACEae, 467

Leaves simple; fertile flowers 1--3 in an involucre or cup.

CUPULIFERae, 470

[2.] _Both sterile and fertile flowers in catkins or catkin-like heads._

Ovary and pod 2-celled, many-seeded. Liquidambar, in HAMAMELIDEae, 180

Ovary and pod 1-celled, many-seeded; seeds furnished with a downy tuft at one end. SALICACEae, 480

Ovary 1--2-celled, only one ovule in each cell; fruit 1-seeded.

Parasitic on trees; fruit a berry. LORANTHACEae, 449

Trees or shrubs, not parasitic.

Calyx regular, in the fertile flower succulent in fruit.

URTICACEae, 461

Calyx none, or rudimentary and scale-like.

Style and stigma one, simple; the flowers in heads.

PLATANACEae, 466

Styles or long stigmas 2.

Fertile flowers 2 or 3 at each scale of the catkin.

CUPULIFERae, 470

Fertile flowers single under each scale; nutlets naked, waxy-coated or drupe like. MYRICACEae, 469

SUBCLa.s.s II. GYMNOSPERMae. Pistil an open scale or altered leaf, bearing naked ovules on its margin or its upper surface, or in Taxus entirely wanting. Flowers moncious or dicious. CONIFERae, 489

CLa.s.s II. MONOCOTYLEDONOUS PLANTS. (See p. 15.)

[A.] SPADICEOUS DIVISION. _Flowers aggregated on a spadix or fleshy axis, or sometimes scattered, dest.i.tute of calyx and corolla (excepting some_ Araceae _and_ Naiadaceae, _where, however, they are on a spadix), and also without glumes (husky scales). Leaves sometimes with netted veins._

Little floating aquatics, with no distinction of stem and foliage.

LEMNACEae, 551

Immersed aquatics, branching and leafy. NAIADACEae, 557

Reed-like or Flag-like marsh herbs, with linear and sessile nerved leaves; flowers in spikes or heads.

Flowers moncious, and quite dest.i.tute of floral envelopes.

TYPHACEae, 547

Flowers perfect, on a lateral spadix; sepals 6.

Acorus, in ARACEae, 550

Terrestrial or marsh plants; leaves mostly with a distinct netted-veined blade, petioled. ARACEae, 548

[B.] PETALOIDEOUS DIVISION. _Flowers not collected on a spadix, furnished with floral envelopes (perianth) answering to calyx or to both calyx and corolla, either herbaceous or colored and petal-like (wholly glumaceous in_ Juncaceae).

[1.] _Perianth adherent to the whole surface of the ovary._

Flowers dicious (or rarely perfect), regular.

Aquatics; ovules and seeds several or numerous.

HYDROCHARIDACEae, 495

Twiners; ovules and seeds one or two in each cell.

DIOSCOREACEae, 517

Flowers perfect; ovules and seeds usually numerous.

Stamens only one or two; flower irregular, gynandrous.

ORCHIDACEae, 497

Stamens three.

Anthers introrse, opening transversely. BURMANNIACEae, 496

Anthers introrse or versatile, opening lengthwise.

HaeMODORACEae, 512