The Maya Chronicles Part 7
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[42-2] "Me parece que _tu_ es sincopa de _ti u_." (Note of Dr. Berendt.) There is no doubt but that Dr. Berendt is correct.
[43-1] This is not correct. Beltran gives for 45, _hotu yoxkal_, which I a.n.a.lyze, _ho ti u u ox kal_.
[44-1] _Apuntes del Diccionario de la Lengua Maya. Por un yucateco aficionado a la lengua_, 4to, pp. 486, MSS.
[45-1] "CAL: hartar o emborrachar la fruta." _Diccionario Maya-Espanol del Convento de San Francisco_, Merida, MS. I have not found this word in other dictionaries within my reach.
[46-1] _Calepino en Lengua Cakchiquel por Fray_ Francisco de Varea,[TN-4] MS. s. v. _chuvi_. This MS. is in the Library of the American Philosophical Society, Philadelphia.
[46-2] F. Pantaleon de Guzman, _Compendio de Nombres en Lengua Cakchiquel_, MS. This MS. is in my collection.
[48-1] _Codice Perez_, p. 92, MS. This is a series of extracts from various ancient Maya ma.n.u.scripts obtained by the late distinguished Yucatecan antiquary, Don Juan Pio Perez, and named from him by Canon Crescencio Carrillo and other linguists. A copy of it is in my collection. It is in quarto, pp. 258.
[54-1] All the examples in the above paragraph are from the Appendix to the _Diccionario Maya-Espanol del Convento de San Francisco, Merida_, MS. It also gives its positive authority to the length of the katuns, as follows: "Dicese que los Indios contaban los anos a pares (_sic_), y cuando llegaba uno a veinte anos, entonces decian que tenian _hunpel katun_, que son veinte anos.'[TN-6] I think the words _a pares_, must be an error for _a veintenas_; they may mean "in equal series."
[54-2] The _Diccionario de Motul_ MS. has the following lengthy entries:--
"TZUC: copete o coleta de cabellos; o de crines de caballo, o las barbas que echa el maiz por arriba estando en la mazorca; y la cabeza que tienen algunas hachas y martillos en contra del tajo, y la cabeza del horcon, y las nubes levantadas en alto y que dan que denotan segun dice tempestad de agua. Partes, enpartimientos. Cuenta para pueblos, para partes, parrafos i articulos, diferencios y vocablos montones."
[55-1] _Historia de Yucatan_, Lib. IV, cap. V.
[56-1] M. Delaporte's calculations are mentioned by Leon de Rosny, _Essai sur le Dechiffrement de l'Ecriture Hieratique de l'Amerique Centrale_, p. 25 (Paris, 1876); Professor Thomas' will be found in the _American Naturalist_, for 1881, and in his _Study of the Codex Troano_, Was.h.i.+ngton, 1882.
[57-1] Pio Perez, _Cronologia Antigua de Yucatan_. -- VIII.
[57-2] "_Katun_, para siempre." Beltran de Santa Rosa, _Arte del Idioma Maya_, p. 177.
[58-1] The following extracts from two ma.n.u.scripts in my hands will throw further light on this derivation--
KATUN: es.p.a.cio de veinte anos; _hun katun_, 20 anos; _ca katun_, 40 anos, etc.
KATUN: batallon de gente, ordenada de guerra y ejercito asi, y soldados cuando actualmente andan en la guerra.
KATUN (TAH, Te): guerrear, hacer guerra, dar guerra.
KATUNBEN: el que tiene tantas venteinas de anos, segun el numeral que se le junta, _hay katunben ech?_ cuantas venteinas de anos tienes tu? _ca katunben en_, tengo dos venteinas.
DICCIONARIO DE MOTUL, MS., 1590.
cAT (he): generalmente sig^a cortar algo con acha, cuchillo o hiera; detener algo que se huya, atajarlo, etc.
Varea, _Calepino en Lengva[TN-8] Cakchiquel_, MS., 1699.
[61-1] _Proceedings of the American Antiquarian Society_, 1880.
[62-1] The example he gives is the word _le_, which he says "para escrivirle con sus caracteres _habiendoles nosotros hecho entender_ que son dos letras, lo escrivian ellos con tres," etc., thus plainly saying that they did not a.n.a.lyze the word to its phonetic radicals in their system. _Relacion de las Cosas de Yucatan_, p. 318.
[62-2] Las Casas says, with great positiveness, that they found in Yucatan "letreros de ciertos caracteres que en otra ninguna parte."
_Historia Apologetica_, cap. CXXIII. I also add an interesting description of their books and letters, furnished by the companions of Father Alonso Ponce, the Pope's Commissary-General, who traveled through Yucatan in 1586, when many natives were still living who had been born before the Conquest (1541). Father Ponce had traveled through Mexico, and, of course, had learned about the Aztec picture-writing, which he distinctly contrasts with the writing of the Mayas. Of the latter he says: "Son alabados de tres cosas entre todos los demas de la Nueva Espana, la una de que en su antiguedad tenian caracteres y letras, con que escribian sus historias y las ceremonias y orden de los sacrificios de sus idolos y su calendario, en libros hechos de corteza de cierto arbol, los cuales eran unas tiras muy largas de quarta o tercia en ancho, que se doblaban y recogian, y venia a queder a manera de un libro encuardenada en cuartilla, poco mas, o menos. Estas letras y caracteres no las entendian, sino los sacerdotes de los idolos, (que en aquella lengua se llaman 'ahkines'), y algun indio princ.i.p.al. Despues las entendieron y supieron leer algunos frailes nuestros y aun las escribien." (_Relacion Breve y Verdadera de Algunas Cosas de las Muchas que Sucedieron al Padre Fray Alonso Ponce, Comisario-General en las Provincias de la Nueva Espana_, page 392). I know no other author who makes the interesting statement that these characters were actually used by missionaries to impart instruction to the natives.
[63-1] "_uooh_; caracter o letra. _uooh_ (tah, te) escribir. _uoohan_, cosa que esta escrita." _Diccionario de Motul_, MS.
[64-1] His words are: "Y satisfaciendoles por la quenta senalada, que ellos mismos tenian, de que vsavan, para ajustar sus antiguas Profezias, y los Tiempos de su c.u.mplimiento, que eran vnos Caracteres y Figuras pintadas en vnas cortezas de Arboles, como de una quarta de largo cada hoja, tabilla, y del gruesso como de vn real de a ocho, dobladas a vna parte, y a otra, a manera de Viombo, que ellos llamavan a.n.a.ltees," etc., _Historia de la Conquista de la Provincia de el Itza_, Lib. VII. cap I (Madrid, 1701). Pio Perez spells the word _anahte_, _Diccionario de la Lengua Maya_, s. v. following a MS. of the last century, given in the _Codice Perez_. The word _hunilte_, from _huunil_, the "determinative"
form of "_hun_," and _te_, a termination to nouns which specifies or localizes them (e. g. _amay_, an angle, _amay te_, an angular figure, etc)., would offer a plausible derivation for _a.n.a.lte_.
[65-1] "Se les quemamos todos lo qual a maravilla sentian y les dava pena." _Relacion de las Cosas de Yucatan_, p. 316.
[67-1] "La experiencia de manejar tan incessantemente a los Indios en cerca de doce anos que los servi, me enseno, que el motivo de estar todavia muchos tan pegados a sus antiguedades, era porque siendo los naturales muy curioss, y aplicandose a saber leer: los que esto logran, quanto papel tienen a mano, tanto leen: y no aviendo entre ella, mas tratados en su idioma, que los que sus antepasados escribieron, cuya materia es solo de sus hechicerias, encantos, y curaciones con muchos abusos, y ensalmos; ya se ve que en estos bebian insensiblemente el tosigo para vomitar despues su malicia en otros muchos." _Aprobacion del Doctor D. Augustin de Echano_, etc., to Dr. Don Francisco Eugenio Dominguez, _Platicas de los Princ.i.p.ales Mysterios de Nvestra[TN-9] S^ta Fee, hechas en el Idioma Yucateco_. Mexico, 1758. This extremely rare work is highly prized for the purity and elegance of the Maya employed by the author.
[69-1] _Relacion de las Cosas de Yucatan_, page 160.
[70-1] _The Names of the G.o.ds in the Kiche Myths of Central America.
Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society_, Vol. XIX, 1881. The terminal letter in both these words--"_chilan_," "_balam_,"--may be either "_n_" or "_m_," the change being one of dialect and local p.r.o.nunciation. I have followed the older authorities in writing "_Chilan Balam_," the modern preferring "_Chilam Balam_."
[72-1] _Historia Antigua de Yucatan, p. 123_ (Merida, 1882).
[73-1] _Arte del Idioma Maya_, p. 242 (2d ed).
[73-2] _Arte de la Lengua Maya_, compuesto por el R. P. Fr. Gabriel de San Buenaventura Predicador y difinidor habitual de la Provincia de San Joseph de Yucathan del Orden de N. P. S. Francisco. Ano de 1684. Con licencia; En Mexico, por la Viuda de Bernardo Calderon, 4to. pag. 1-4, leaves 5-41.
[74-1] _Arte del Idioma Maya reducido a succintas reglas, y semilexicon Yucateco_ por el R. P. F. Pedro Beltran de Santa Rosa Maria. En Mexico por la Viuda de D. Joseph Bernardo de Hogal. Ano de 1746. 8vo, pp. 8, 1-188. Segunda edicion, Merida de Yucatan, Imprenta de J. D. Espinosa.
Julio, 1859. 8vo, 9 leaves, pp. 242.
[74-2] _Apuntes para una Gramatica Maya._ Por Don Juan Pio Perez, pp.
45-136. _MSS._
[75-1] _Diccionario de la Lengua Maya_, por D. Juan Pio Perez. Merida de Yucatan. Imprenta literaria, de Juan F. Molina Solis, 1866-1877. Large 8vo, two cols. pp. i-xx, 1-437.
THE CHRONICLES.
I. THE SERIES OF THE KATUNS.
_From the Book of Chilan Balam of Mani._
II. THE SERIES OF THE KATUNS.
_From the Book of Chilan Balam of Tizimin._
III. THE RECORD OF THE COUNT OF THE KATUNS.
_From the Book of Chilan Balam of Chumayel._
IV. THE MAYA KATUNS.
_From the Book of Chilan Balam of Chumayel._
V. THE CHIEF KATUNS.
_From the Book of Chilan Balam of Chumayel._
The Maya Chronicles Part 7
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