History of European Morals From Augustus to Charlemagne Volume II Part 30

Smith, Adam, his theory of pity, quoted, i. 10, _note_.

His recognition of the reality of benevolence in our nature, 20.

His a.n.a.lysis of moral judgment, 76

Smyrna, persecution of the Christians at, i. 441

Socrates, his view of death, i. 205.

His closing hours, 207.

His advice to a courtesan, ii. 296

Soul, the immortality of the, resolutely excluded from the teaching of the Stoics, i. 181.

Character of their first notions on the subject, 182.

The belief in the reabsorption of the soul in the parent Spirit, 183.

Belief of Cicero and Plutarch in the immortality of the, 204.

But never adopted as a motive by the Stoics, 204.

Increasing belief in the, 331.

Vague belief of the Romans in the, 168

Sospitra, story of, i. 373

Spain, persecution of the Christians in, i. 461.

Almost complete absence of infanticide in, ii. 25, _note_.

The first lunatic asylums in Europe established in, 89, 90

Spaniards, among the most prominent of Latin writers, i. 235.

Their suicides, ii. 54

Spartans, their intense patriotism, i. 178.

Their legislature continually extolled as a model, 201.

Condition of their women, ii. 290

Spinoza, his remark on death, i. 203 Anecdote of him, 289

Stael, Madame de, on suicide, ii. 59

Statius, on the first night of marriage, i. 107, _note_

Stewart, Dugald, on the pleasures of virtue, i. 32, _note_

Stilpo, his scepticism and banishment, i. 162.

His remark on his ruin, 191.

Stoics, their definition of conscience, i. 83.

Their view of the animation of the human ftus, 92.

Their system of ethics favourable to the heroic qualities, 128.

Historical fact in favour of the system, 128.

Their belief in an all-pervading soul of nature, 162.

Their pantheistic conception of the Deity, 163.

Their conception and explanation of the prevailing legends of the G.o.ds, 163.

Their opinion as to the final destruction of the universe by fire, and the resuscitation of souls, 164.

Their refusal to consult the oracles, 165.

Stoicism the expression of a type of character different from Epicureanism, 172.

Rome pre-eminently the home of Stoicism, 172.

Account of the philosophy of the Stoics, 177.

Its two essentials-the unselfish ideal and the subjugation of the affections to the reason, 177.

The best example of the perfect severance of virtue and interest, 181.

Their views concerning the immortality of the soul, 182-184.

Taught men to sacrifice reputation, and do good in secret, 186.

And distinguished the obligation from the attraction of virtue, 186.

Taught also that the affections must be subordinate to the reason, 187-191.

Their false estimate of human nature, 192.

Their love of paradox, 192.

Imperfect lives of many eminent Stoics, 193.

Their retrospective tendencies, 193.

Their system unfitted for the majority of mankind, 194.

Compared with the religious principle, 195.

The central composition of this philosophy, the dignity of man, 195.

High sense of the Stoics of the natural virtue of man, and of the power of his will, 195, 196.

Their recognition of Providence, 196.

The two aspects under which they wors.h.i.+pped G.o.d, 198.

The Stoics secured from quietism by their habits of public life, 199-201.

Their view of humanity, 202.

Their preparations for, and view of, death, 202.

Their teaching as to suicide, 212, 213, _et seq._ Contrast between Stoicism and Roman luxury, 225, 226.

The Stoical philosophy quite capable of representing the cosmopolitan spirit, 239, 240.

Stoicism not capable of representing the softening movement of civilisation, 241.

Influence of the eclectic spirit on it, 244.

Stoicism becomes more essentially religious, 245.

Increasingly introspective character of later Stoicism, 247.

Marcus Aurelius the best example of later Stoicism, 249-255.

Effects of Stoicism on the corruption of Roman Society, 291, 292.

It raised up many good Emperors, 292.

It produced a n.o.ble opposition under the worst Emperors, 293.

It greatly extended Roman law, 294.

The Stoics considered as the consolers of the suffering, advisers of the young, and as popular preachers, 308.

Rapid decadence of Stoicism, 317, 318.

Difference between the Stoical and Egyptian pantheism, 324.

Stoical naturalism superseded by the theory of daemons, 331.

Theory that the writings of the Stoics were influenced by Christianity examined, 332.

Domitian's persecution of them, 432

Strozzi, Philip, his suicide, ii. 56

Suffering, a courageous endurance of, probably the first form of virtue in savage life, i. 130

Suicide, att.i.tude adopted by Pagan philosophy and Catholicism towards, i.

211, _et seq._ Eminent suicides, 215.

Epidemic of suicides at Alexandria, 216.

And of girls at Miletus, 216, _note_.

Grandeur of the Stoical ideal of suicide, 216.