Maps Of Old London Part 2

8-16. East India House, Leaden Hall Street, B88 6-4. Ely House 10-1. Ess.e.x House 6-14. Excise Office, Broad Street, C60

10-15. Fiery Pillar, The [The Monument]

11-14. Fishmongers Hall, Thames Street 9-6. Fleet Bridg 8-5. Fleet [Prison]

7-12. Founders Hall, Loathbury, B56 7-12. Frederick's House, Sir John, Old Jewry, B51 7-14. French Church, B62 6-3. Furnival's Inn

6-6. George Inn, Holborn Bridg, A92 9-10. Gerrard's Hall Inn, C16 5-11. Girdlers Hall, A63 3-10. Glovers Hall, Beech Lane, A20 7-9. Goldsmiths Hall, Foster Lane, B39 5-1. Gray's Inn 7-15. Gresham Colledge 3-7. Grey's House, Lord, A14 8-12. Grocers Hall, B53 7-11. Guild Hall

7-10. Haberdashers Hall, B8 7-12. Hern's House, Sir Nathiel, Loathbury, B54 4-6. Hicks's Hall 7-5. Holborn Bridge ---- [Holy] Trinity Church, Trinity Lane [see Trinity Church]

---- [Holy] Trinity Minories Church [see Trinity Minories]

9-3. Inner Temple, Inner Temple Lane 10-12. Inn-Holders Hall, Elbow Lane, C34 8-17. Ironmongers Hall, Fenchurch Street, B91 11-11. Joyners Hall, Fryer Lane, Thames Street, C37

6-5. Kings Arms Inn, Holborn Bridg, A90 9-7. King's Printing House, C3

5-11. Lariner's Hall, Fore Street, A78 7-16. Lawrence's House, Sir John, Great St. h.e.l.lens, B67 8-15. Leaden Hall Market 6-16. Leather-Sellers Hall 7-2. Lincoln's Inn 10-1. Lions Inne 11-14. London Bridg 5-8. London House, A57 9-7. Ludgate 9-10. Lutheran Church, Trinity Lane (N.E. corner Little Trinity Lane)

8-11. Mercer's Chapel 8-14. Merchant-Taylors Hall 10-12. Merchant-Taylors School, Suffolk Lane, C39 9-3. Middle Temple, Middle Temple Lane 8-10. Milkstreet or Hony lane Market ---- [Monument, The, see "Fiery Pillar"]

9-17. Navy Office, Mark Lane, C26 10-1. New Inn 2-4. New Prison, or Bridewel, Clerkenwel Green 2-4. Newcastle's House, Duke of, A6 7-6. Newgate 8-7. Newgate Market

10-10. Painters Stainers Hall 8-17. Papillion's House, Mr. Tho., Fenchurch Street, C54 6-14. Pay Office, Broad Street, B22 8-16. Pewterers Hall, Lime Street, C62 7-7. Physicians College, B37 6-14. Pinner's Hall, B21 6-10. Plaisterers Hall, Addle Street, B6 6-15. Post Office, General, Bishopsgate Street Within, B59 8-12. Poultry Compter, B83 9-8. Prerogative Office, St. Paul's Church Yard, C6

8-4. Red Lyon Inn, Fleet Street, B75 7-5. Rose Inn, Holborn-Bridg, A91 8-14. Royal Exchange

7-9. Sadler's Hall, Cheapside, B41 9-13. Salter's Hall, St. Swithins Lane, C23 6-5. Sarazens Head Inn, Snow Hill, A93 9-6. Scotch Hall, C2 6-9. Scriveners Hall 9-3. Serjeant's Inn, Chancery Lane, B97 9-4. Serjeant's Inn, Fleet Street 8-6. Session House, The, Old Bayly 9-8. Sheldon's House, Sir Joseph, St. Paul's Church Yard, C7 8-2. Simond's Inn, Chancery Lane, B71 5-11. Sion College, A61 9-2. Six Clarks Office, Chancery Lane, B72 10-12. Skinners Hall, Dough-Gate Hill, C33 5-6. Smithfield Penns 11-1. Somerset House 6-10. St. Alban Wood-Street Church 5-11. St. Alphage Church, London Wall 6-4. St. Andrew Holborn Church 10-15. St. Andrew Hubbart Church, Little East-Cheap [formerly S. side, between b.u.t.tolph Lane and Love Lane]

8-16. St. Andrew Undershaft Church, Leaden Hall Street, B66 10-7. St. Andrew Wardrobe Church 6-9. St. Anne Aldersgate Church 9-6. St. Anne Black-Fryers Church 9-12. St. Antholine's Church, Budg Row 8-9. St. Austine's Church 5-7. St. Bartholemew Church, Great 6-7. St. Bartholemew's Church, Little 8-13. St. Bartholemew Exchange Church 6-7. St. Bartholemew's Hospital 8-13. St. Bennet Fink Church 8-15. St. Bennet Grace Church 10-8. St. Bennet Pauls Wharf Church 8-11. St. Bennet Sherehog Church 9-6. St. Bridget's Church 6-9. St. b.u.t.tolph Aldersgate Church 6-19. St. b.u.t.tolph Aldgate Church 11-15. St. b.u.t.tolph Billingsgate Church [formerly S. side of Thames Street between b.u.t.tolph Lane and Love Lane]

5-16. St. b.u.t.tolph Bishopsgate Church 8-13. St. Christophers Church 10-1. St. Clement Danes Church 9-14. St. Clement's Eastcheap Church 9-3. St. Dunstan's Church 10-16. St. Dunstan's in the East Church 9-14. St. Edmond Lumbard Street Church 6-16. St. Ethelborough Church, Bishopsgate Street Within [immediately N.

of Little St. h.e.l.lens]

9-8. St. Faith's Church [under-St.-Paul's]

9-16. St. Gabriel Fenchurch Church [absorbed into the roadway of Fenchurch Street, between Rood Lane and Mincing Lane]

10-15. St. George b.u.t.tolph Church, C40 4-10. St. Giles's Cripplegate Church 9-8. St. Gregory's Church [site absorbed by St. Paul's]

7-16. St. h.e.l.len's Church 7-18. St. James Dukes Place Church, Dukes Place 10-11. St. James Garlick Hith Church 9-12. St. John Baptist Church 9-9. St. John Evangelist Church, Friday Street [formerly E. side, at the corner of Watling Street, having the latter street on the north]

6-9. St. John Zachary Church, Maiden Lane 8-17. St. Katherine Coleman Church 8-17. St. Katherine Cree Church, Leaden Hall Street, B68 10-13. St. Laurence Poultney Church 7-11. St. Lawrence Jewry Church 10-15. St. Leonard East Cheap Church 7-9. St. Leonard Foster-Lane Church 11-14. St. Magnus Church, Thames Street, C59 9-13. St. Mary Abchurch Church 6-11. St. Mary Aldermanbury Church 9-11. St. Mary Aldermary Church 9-12. St. Mary Bothaw Church 6-11. St. Mary Cole Church, Cheapside [formerly S.W. corner of Old Jewry]

10-16. St. Mary Hill Church, C43 8-10. St. Mary le Bow Church 7-10. St. Mary Magdalen's Church, Milk Street [site absorbed into Hony lane Market]

10-9. St. Mary Magdaline Old Fish Street Church 10-9. St. Mary Mounthaw Church 10-9. St. Mary Somerset Church 6-9. St. Mary Staining Church, Oat Lane 8-12. St. Mary Wool Church [site absorbed into Wool Church Market]

8-13. St. Mary Woolnoth Church, Lumbard Street [opposite Pope's Head Alley]

7-12. St. Margaret Loathbury Church 9-9. St. Margaret Moses Church, Friday Street [formerly S.W. corner of Basing Lane]

9-15. St. Margaret Patton's Church 10-15. St. Margaret's New Fish Street Church [site absorbed by the Monument]

7-11. St. Martin Ironmonger Church, Ironmonger Lane [formerly adjoining the west end of St. Olave Jewry]

8-7. St. Martin Ludgate Church 10-13. St. Martin Orgar's Church 7-15. St. Martin Outwich Church, Bishopsgate Street Within [S.E. corner of Thread Needle Street]

10-11. St. Martin Vintry Church 8-9. St. Mathew Friday Street Church 9-10. St. Mildred Bread-Street Church 8-12. St. Mildred Poultry Church, B84 6-11. St. Michael Ba.s.sishaw Church 8-14. St. Michael Cornhil 10-14. St. Michael Crooked Lane Church 10-10. St. Michael Queen Hith Church 7-9. St. Michael Quern Church, Cheapside [site absorbed into roadway of Cheapside at junction of Pater Noster Row and Blow Bladder Street]

9-11. St. Michael Royal Church 7-9. St. Michael Wood-Street Church, B45 9-13. St. Nicholas Acorn Church 9-9. St. Nicholas Cole-Abby Church, Old Fish Street (N.W. corner of Old Fish St. Hill) 9-10. St. Nicholas Olave's Church, Bread-Street Hill [formerly near middle of W. side]

9-17. St. Olave Hart-street Church, C27 7-12. St. Olave Jewry Church 5-10. St. Olave Silver Street Church 8-11. St. Pancras Soaper Lane Church 9-8. St. Paul's Cathedral 9-8. St. Paul's House, Dean of, St. Paul's Church Yard, C5 11-18. [St. Peter-ad-Vincula] Church, Tower of London 7-10. St. Peter Cheap Church 6-14. St. Peter Poor Church 10-8. St. Peter's Church 8-14. St. Peter's Cornhil 7-6. St. Sephlcher's Church 6-12. St. Stephen Coleman Street Church, B56 9-12. St. Stephen Walbrook Church 10-12. St. Swithin Church, Cannon Street 9-11. St. Thomas Apostles Church, St. Thomas Apostles 7-9. St. Vedast Church, B40 6-2. Staple Inn 8-7. Stationers Hall 6-5. Swan Inn, Holborn-Bridg, A89 6-10. Swan with Two Necks Inn, Ladd Lane, B11

9-12. Tallow Chandlers Hall, Dough-Gate Hill, C22 10-3. Temple Church 5-9. Thanet House, A58 6-4. Thavy's Inn, Holborn, A86 11-19. Tower, The ---- Trinity Church, Trinity Lane [site occupied by Lutheran Church, which see]

10-17. Trinity House, Water Lane, C45 8-19. Trinity Minories Church, B70 9-8. Turners House, Sir William, St. Paul's Church Yard, C4

11-11. Vintonners Hall 8-13. Vyner's House, Sir Robert, Lumbard Street, B85

10-13. Ward's House, Sir Patient, Lawrence Poultney's Hill, C38 6-1. Warwick House 11-13. Watermans Hall, New Key, Thames Street, C28 11-13. Waterman's House, Sir George, Thames Street, C57 7-10. Wax Chandellors Hall, Maiden Lane, B43 6-11. Weavers Hall, Ba.s.sishaw Street, B13 8-17. Whitchurch House, Leaden Hall Street, C53 10-11. Whittington's College, College Hill, _m_15 7-10. Wood Street Compter, B46 9-12. Wool Church Market

LONDON IN 1741-45

BY JOHN ROCQUE

DESCRIPTION.--In some ways this map is the most interesting of the whole series, for it comes nearest to our own times, and yet by studying it we can infer the remarkable changes that have taken place within the memory of man. It is much more comprehensive than Ogilby's, including the whole of the outlying suburbs, and even going as far as Edgware and Tottenham, which are still no part even of Greater London.

DESIGNER.--Very little is known about John Rocque. He was probably a native of France, but was residing in England about 1750. He engraved maps and a few views from his own designs.

ORIGINAL.--The original is in twenty-four sheets, and is 13 feet in length and 6 feet in depth. It can be seen at the British Museum. That which is here presented is the central part of this, not reduced, but on the same scale. Its interest is greatly increased by the fact that the names are printed on the map, and are not given separately as in other instances. To facilitate this Rocque has marked the houses bordering streets in white, and only blocked them in black where they line market-gardens and other parts indicated by a light surface. The map is a model of care and comprehensive detail.

DETAIL.--Beginning in the lower left-hand corner, we have the Royal Hospital, with its neatly-laid-out grounds. Close to it the Westbourne, whose irregular line determined the boundaries of Chelsea, falls into the Thames; higher up its course is through the Five Fields, now one of the most wealthy and popular districts of London--namely, Belgravia. St.

George's Hospital is already standing at Hyde Park Corner, and a fringe of houses lines the road to Knightsbridge. Westminster is still largely open in the west by Tothill Fields, scene of so many tournaments and jousts, and the curve of the river encloses innumerable market-gardens. In St. James's Park the stiff ca.n.a.l, memento of Dutch influence, has not yet been transformed into the more attractive ornamental water. Carlton House Terrace has not come into existence. Here Carlton House, which does not appear to be marked, was standing, and was occupied by Frederick, Prince of Wales, father of George III. North of this, with the omission of Regent Street, made in 1813-20, the streets are pretty much as we know them. It is beyond Oxford Street northward that the difference is striking. This district was only just being built upon, and the well-laid-out streets soon run off into open country. "Marybone" Gardens, a favourite tea-garden, and the church, and a few houses, form a little hamlet just connected with the other part of London by a single street, and further westward, north of Berkeley Square, are fields. In the midst of these is the "Yorks.h.i.+re Stingo," the public-house from which the first omnibus in the Metropolis began to run in 1829. The Tyburn Gallows still had much work to do; it was fifty years later that the last execution took place here. Just within the Hyde Park is the gruesome record, "where soldiers are shot." If we follow Oxford Street eastward to Tottenham Court Road, we find that it is only connected with High Holborn by the curve through High and Broad Streets at St. Giles's. To the south is the star of Seven Dials, and all the district so completely altered by the cutting through of Charing Cross Road, and then Shaftesbury Avenue in modern times. To the north, Montagu House occupies the site the British Museum was destined to fill; it was purchased by the Government in 1753, and pulled down about a hundred years later.

Bedford House, the town residence of the Dukes of Bedford, stood until 1800. Behind, Lamb's Conduit Fields run up to Battle Bridge, where one of the early British battles was fought; this is now the site of King's Cross Station. Not far off Bagnigge Wells and Sadler's Wells are in the heyday of their prosperity. The Fleet or River of Wells may be traced pa.s.sing through the former, but further south it is covered in, and does not appear in the open again until below Fleet Bridge, when it is ignominiously called Fleet Ditch.

Thames side is still fringed with "stairs to take water at" leading from the great houses on the margin, and there is as yet no embankment.

Westminster and Blackfriars Bridges, however, afford easy access to the southern side. The labyrinth of the City is not seriously different from that of the present day except in the omission of Cannon Street. Bethlehem Hospital is still conspicuous, and the City wall has vanished strangely.

What we now call Finsbury Square is marked as Upper Moorfields. We have to go far before we clear the houses to the east. Stepney and Bethnal Green are fairly thickly populated, and though surrounded by open ground, are connected by houses all the way from the City. But in the bend of the river by Wapping the chief area is occupied by market-gardens. Crossing over to the other side, we find the market-gardens very prominent; as London grows larger she thrusts her sources of supply further from her. The central ganglion of the Borough Road and its ray-like connections are marked out.

At one end is the "King's Bench," which was close to the Marshalsea, a.s.sociated with "Little Dorrit." The Marshalsea itself is not marked.

d.i.c.kens was yet to come, and it was only through his writings that it gained a sentimental interest. A great part of the Borough is very marshy indeed, and we note frequent ponds. The "Dog and Duck," otherwise "St.

George's Spaw," is almost surrounded by them.

To sum up in Sir Walter Besant's words:

"London, then, in the eighteenth century consisted first of the City, nearly the whole of which had been rebuilt after the Fire, only a small portion in the east and north containing the older buildings; a workmen's quarter at Whitechapel; a lawyer's quarter from Gray's Inn to the Temple, both inclusive; a quarter north of the Strand occupied by coffee-houses, taverns, theatres, a great market, and the people belonging to these places; an aristocratic quarter lying east of Hyde Park; and Westminster, with its Houses of Parliament, its Abbey, and the worst slums in the whole City. On the other side of the river, between London Bridge and St.

George's, was a busy High Street with streets to right and left; the river bank was lined with houses from Paris Gardens to Rotherhithe; there were streets at the back of St. Thomas's and Guy's; Lambeth Marsh lay in open fields, and gardens intersected by sluggish streams and ditches; and Rotherhithe Marsh lay equally open in meadows and gardens, with ponds and ditches in the east....

"From any part of London it was possible to get into the country in a quarter of an hour. One realizes the rural surroundings of the City by considering that north of Gray's Inn was open country with fields; that Queen Square, Bloomsbury, had its north side left purposely open in order that the residents might enjoy the view of the Highgate and Hampstead Hills. On the south side of the river Camberwell was a leafy grove; Herne Hill was a park set with stately trees; Denmark Hill was a wooded wild; the hanging woods of Penge and Norwood were as lovely as those that one can now see at Cliveden or on the banks of the Wye" (_London in the Eighteenth Century_, pp. 77-79).

[Ill.u.s.tration]

1. The Palace of Westminster.

2. St. Stephen's Chapel.

3. Westminster Hall.

4. Westminster Abbey.

5. Old Palace Yard.

6. The Clock Tower.

7. The Gate House.

8. St. Margaret's Church.

9. The King's Stairs.

10. Star Chamber.

11. Lambeth Palace.

12. Stangate Horse Ferry.

13. St. James's Hospital.

14. St. James's.