Castle To Castle Part 16

15. RENAULT IN FRESNES. RENAULT IN FRESNES. Louis Renault (1877-1944), the famous builder of automobiles and tanks, collaborated with the Germans. Imprisoned after the liberation, he is believed to have died as a result of bad treatment incurred in Fresnes prison. Louis Renault (1877-1944), the famous builder of automobiles and tanks, collaborated with the Germans. Imprisoned after the liberation, he is believed to have died as a result of bad treatment incurred in Fresnes prison.

17. "FAMILY, WORK, COUNTRY." "FAMILY, WORK, COUNTRY." "Travail, Famille, Patrie." "Travail, Famille, Patrie." The Vichy regime subst.i.tuted these words for the motto of the French Republic: "Liberty, Equality, Fraternity." The Vichy regime subst.i.tuted these words for the motto of the French Republic: "Liberty, Equality, Fraternity."

17. KRONPRINZESSGADE. KRONPRINZESSGADE. Celine's often capricious spelling of non-French words, especially names, has been followed throughout. It no doubt expresses contempt for all things foreign, but it also conveys the impression made by foreign languages on those who do not understand them. Celine's often capricious spelling of non-French words, especially names, has been followed throughout. It no doubt expresses contempt for all things foreign, but it also conveys the impression made by foreign languages on those who do not understand them.

19. ALTMAN. ALTMAN. Georges Altaian, left-wing journalist who, in 1932, expressed his enthusiasm for Georges Altaian, left-wing journalist who, in 1932, expressed his enthusiasm for Journey to the End of the Night Journey to the End of the Night, but later condemned Celine's anti-Semitic writings.

19. TRIOLETTE. TRIOLETTE. Elsa Triolet, writer, born in Moscow in 1896, wife of Louis Aragon and sister-in-law of Maiakovsky. Elsa Triolet, writer, born in Moscow in 1896, wife of Louis Aragon and sister-in-law of Maiakovsky.

19. LARENGON. LARENGON. Louis Aragon, French writer born in 1897. Collaborated with Andre Breton in founding the Surrealist movement, which he abandoned when he joined the Communist party. Louis Aragon, French writer born in 1897. Collaborated with Andre Breton in founding the Surrealist movement, which he abandoned when he joined the Communist party.

19. BOUGRAT. BOUGRAT. Dr. Pierre Bougrat (1890-1961). Accused in 1925 of a.s.sa.s.sinating a bill collector, whose body was found in a closet in Bougrat's house. Condemned to forced labor for life. Six months after his arrival in Guiana, he escaped to Venezuela, where he practiced medicine until his death in 1961. Dr. Pierre Bougrat (1890-1961). Accused in 1925 of a.s.sa.s.sinating a bill collector, whose body was found in a closet in Bougrat's house. Condemned to forced labor for life. Six months after his arrival in Guiana, he escaped to Venezuela, where he practiced medicine until his death in 1961.

20. LANDRU. LANDRU. Famous criminal. Arrested in 1919, accused of murdering ten women whom he had promised to marry and who disappeared after he had invited them to his villa in the environs of Paris. Guillotined in 1922. Famous criminal. Arrested in 1919, accused of murdering ten women whom he had promised to marry and who disappeared after he had invited them to his villa in the environs of Paris. Guillotined in 1922.

33. LAVAReDE AND HIS THREE SOUS. LAVAReDE AND HIS THREE SOUS. Les Cinq Sous de Lavarede Les Cinq Sous de Lavarede, an entertaining adventure novel for children by Paul d'Ivoi, published in 1894.

42. FELLAGHAS. FELLAGHAS. "Fellaghas," or road cutters, was the name given to the Algerian guerillas during the Algerian war. "Fellaghas," or road cutters, was the name given to the Algerian guerillas during the Algerian war.

44. L.V.F. L.V.F. Legion des Volontaires Francais centre le Bolchdvisme. Founded in 1941 by Brinon and Doriot. Its purpose was to recruit French volunteers to fight for the Germans in Russia. It had little success. Legion des Volontaires Francais centre le Bolchdvisme. Founded in 1941 by Brinon and Doriot. Its purpose was to recruit French volunteers to fight for the Germans in Russia. It had little success.

45. RUE DE CHATEaUDUN. RUE DE CHATEaUDUN. The French Communist party has its headquarters on the rue de Chateaudun in Paris. The French Communist party has its headquarters on the rue de Chateaudun in Paris.

47. CARBUCCIA. CARBUCCIA. Horace de Carbuccia, French publisher born in 1891. Founder of the week!y Horace de Carbuccia, French publisher born in 1891. Founder of the week!y Gringoire Gringoire (1928-1944) of fascist tendency. (1928-1944) of fascist tendency.

48. CHARTRON. CHARTRON. Quarter of Bordeaux inhabited by high society (wine growers, wine merchants, s.h.i.+pbuilders, importers). Epithet applied to the Bordeaux bourgeisie. Quarter of Bordeaux inhabited by high society (wine growers, wine merchants, s.h.i.+pbuilders, importers). Epithet applied to the Bordeaux bourgeisie.

51. LOUISE MICHEL LOUISE MICHEL (1830-1905). French revolutionary. Active in the Commune (1871). Known as the "Red Virgin." (1830-1905). French revolutionary. Active in the Commune (1871). Known as the "Red Virgin."

60. ARLETTE, SIMON. ARLETTE, SIMON. Accompanied by the screen actors Arletty and Michel Simon, Celine goes to the Radio Building to record selections from his works. Arletty reads two pa.s.sages from Accompanied by the screen actors Arletty and Michel Simon, Celine goes to the Radio Building to record selections from his works. Arletty reads two pa.s.sages from Death on the Installment Plan Death on the Installment Plan, and Michel Simon reads the beginning of Journey to the End of the Night. In addition, Celine sings two of his own songs. (Pacific No. LDPS 199,1957, issued in 1956 as Urania No. URLP0003.) 61. JACOB. JACOB. Madeleine Jacob, French journalist of the extreme left, specialized in court proceedings. Madeleine Jacob, French journalist of the extreme left, specialized in court proceedings.

62. BOUSSAC. BOUSSAC. Marcel Boussac, French industrialist born in 1889. Director general of important textile and chemical firms. Breeder of race horses. Marcel Boussac, French industrialist born in 1889. Director general of important textile and chemical firms. Breeder of race horses.

63. BeCART. BeCART. Marcel Bucard, born in 1895, referred to later by his right name. Active in several fascist movements. Active collaborationist during the Occupation. Spent some time in Sigmaringen. Condemned to death and executed in 1946. Marcel Bucard, born in 1895, referred to later by his right name. Active in several fascist movements. Active collaborationist during the Occupation. Spent some time in Sigmaringen. Condemned to death and executed in 1946.

63. f.a.gON. f.a.gON. Guy-Crescent f.a.gon (1638-1718), chief physician to Louis XIV. Guy-Crescent f.a.gon (1638-1718), chief physician to Louis XIV.

89. LE VIGAN. LE VIGAN. Robert Coquillaud, screen name Robert Le Vigan. Outstanding motion-picture actor ( Robert Coquillaud, screen name Robert Le Vigan. Outstanding motion-picture actor (Pepe-le-Moko, Quai des Brumes and Goupi-Mains rouges). A friend of Celine, he collaborated under the Occupation. Spent several years in prison after the Liberation, went to Spain in1950 and to the Argentine in 1951, where he played in several mediocre films and died.

110. b.i.+.c.hELONNE. b.i.+.c.hELONNE. Jean b.i.+.c.helonne. First in his cla.s.s at ecole Polytechnique. Minister for Industry and Commerce in several Vichy cabinets. Followed Petain to Sigmaringen and died in Germany under mysterious circ.u.mstances in a hospital where he had been obliged by the SS to undergo an operation. Jean b.i.+.c.helonne. First in his cla.s.s at ecole Polytechnique. Minister for Industry and Commerce in several Vichy cabinets. Followed Petain to Sigmaringen and died in Germany under mysterious circ.u.mstances in a hospital where he had been obliged by the SS to undergo an operation.

110. BRINON. BRINON. Femand de Brinon. Journalist. In 1933, published the first interview with Hitler to appear in France. President of the Comite France-Allemagne. In December 1940, Laval appointed him delegate general of the French government in the occupied territories, with the tide of "Amba.s.sadeur de France." Set up a "Government Commission for the Interests of French Subjects in Germany," which was disavowed by Petain and Laval was condemned to death and executed. Femand de Brinon. Journalist. In 1933, published the first interview with Hitler to appear in France. President of the Comite France-Allemagne. In December 1940, Laval appointed him delegate general of the French government in the occupied territories, with the tide of "Amba.s.sadeur de France." Set up a "Government Commission for the Interests of French Subjects in Germany," which was disavowed by Petain and Laval was condemned to death and executed.

110. DARNAN. DARNAN. Joseph Darnand, born in 1897. Started out as a cabinetmaker. After the first world war, leader of the Camelots du Roi, then joined the Croix-de-Feu and later Doriot's P.P.F. (Parti Populaire Francais). Active in De-loncle's C.S.A.R. (the Cagoule). During the Occupation was a leader in the L.V.F. and in 1942 founded the Milice, a French police organization in the service of the Germans. In 1944, Secretary of State for the Interior in the Vichy government. A member of Brinon's "Government Commission" in Sigmaringen. Condemned to death and executed in 1945. Joseph Darnand, born in 1897. Started out as a cabinetmaker. After the first world war, leader of the Camelots du Roi, then joined the Croix-de-Feu and later Doriot's P.P.F. (Parti Populaire Francais). Active in De-loncle's C.S.A.R. (the Cagoule). During the Occupation was a leader in the L.V.F. and in 1942 founded the Milice, a French police organization in the service of the Germans. In 1944, Secretary of State for the Interior in the Vichy government. A member of Brinon's "Government Commission" in Sigmaringen. Condemned to death and executed in 1945.

111. NORDLING. NORDLING. Raoul Nordling (1882-1962). Swedish diplomat, Swedish consul general in Paris from 1926 to1959. His intervention with General von Cholt.i.tz in August 1944 is believed to have prevented the destruction of Paris. Raoul Nordling (1882-1962). Swedish diplomat, Swedish consul general in Paris from 1926 to1959. His intervention with General von Cholt.i.tz in August 1944 is believed to have prevented the destruction of Paris.

113. SOUFFLOT. SOUFFLOT. Germain Soufflot, French architect (1713-1780). Builder of the Pantheon in Paris, originally as a church dedicated to Saint Genevieve, but transformed by the Revolution into a monument to the great men of France. Many of the most Ill.u.s.trious men in France are buried there. Germain Soufflot, French architect (1713-1780). Builder of the Pantheon in Paris, originally as a church dedicated to Saint Genevieve, but transformed by the Revolution into a monument to the great men of France. Many of the most Ill.u.s.trious men in France are buried there.

120. CARBOUGNIAT. CARBOUGNIAT. A satirical deformation of the name Carbuccia, see above. In popular French, the word "bougnat" is applied to the coal dealers, for the most part natives of Auvergne, known for their greed. A satirical deformation of the name Carbuccia, see above. In popular French, the word "bougnat" is applied to the coal dealers, for the most part natives of Auvergne, known for their greed.

122. LACRETELLE. LACRETELLE. Jacques de Lacretelle, born in 1888. French novelist, reputed for his psychological penetration. Elected to the Academie Francaise (1936). Jacques de Lacretelle, born in 1888. French novelist, reputed for his psychological penetration. Elected to the Academie Francaise (1936).

128. JAVERT. JAVERT. A character in Victor Hugo's A character in Victor Hugo's Les Miserables Les Miserables, The type of stern, incorruptible detective who tracks down his quarry, undeterred by any consideration of sentiment.

130. P.P.F. P.P.F. Parti Populaire Francais. Founded by Jacques Doriot in 1936. One of the two main fascist parties during the Occupation. Parti Populaire Francais. Founded by Jacques Doriot in 1936. One of the two main fascist parties during the Occupation.

131. ABEL BONNARD. ABEL BONNARD. French writer born in 1883. Elected to the Academy in 1932 and expelled in 1944. In 1940, minister of National Education in the Vichy government. Sentenced in 1960 to ten years of banishment. French writer born in 1883. Elected to the Academy in 1932 and expelled in 1944. In 1940, minister of National Education in the Vichy government. Sentenced in 1960 to ten years of banishment.

131. SABIANI. SABIANI. Member of die leading committee of the P.P.F. Member of die leading committee of the P.P.F.

132. MILICE. MILICE. Founded by Darnand in January 1942. A French police force collaborating with the Germans, it was responsible for any number of crimes. When it went to Germany with the retreating German army, it provided itself with a "treasury" by requisitioning bank funds. Disavowed by Petain in August 1944. Founded by Darnand in January 1942. A French police force collaborating with the Germans, it was responsible for any number of crimes. When it went to Germany with the retreating German army, it provided itself with a "treasury" by requisitioning bank funds. Disavowed by Petain in August 1944.

133. DULLIN. DULLIN. Charles Dullin (1885-1949), actor and director, founder of the Theatre de l'Atelier and of a well-known dramatic school which still bears his name. Charles Dullin (1885-1949), actor and director, founder of the Theatre de l'Atelier and of a well-known dramatic school which still bears his name.

134. TROPMAN. TROPMAN. Famous nineteenth-century criminal. Famous nineteenth-century criminal.

134. DEIBLER. DEIBLER. Official executioner between the two wars. Official executioner between the two wars.

136. GABOLD. GABOLD. Minister of Justice in the Vichy government Minister of Justice in the Vichy government 144. K-BREAD. K-BREAD. Kriegsbrot Kriegsbrot (Wartime Bread). (Wartime Bread).

149. LUCIEN DESCAVES LUCIEN DESCAVES (1861-1949). Novelist of the naturalist school. Member of the Academie Goncourt (1900). (1861-1949). Novelist of the naturalist school. Member of the Academie Goncourt (1900).

150. CHARLOT [de Gaulle] SHOOTING BRASILLACH. CHARLOT [de Gaulle] SHOOTING BRASILLACH. Robert Brasillach (1909-1945). Journalist, disciple of Charles Maurras, contributor to I'ActionFrancaise. Became editor-in-chief of Robert Brasillach (1909-1945). Journalist, disciple of Charles Maurras, contributor to I'ActionFrancaise. Became editor-in-chief of Je suis partout Je suis partout in 1938. Published novels. Taken prisoner in 1940. Freed in 1941 and resumed his editors.h.i.+p of in 1938. Published novels. Taken prisoner in 1940. Freed in 1941 and resumed his editors.h.i.+p ofJe suis partout. Arrested in 1944. Condemned to death and shot on February 6,1945. Francois Mauriac is said to have interceded with de Gaulle to obtain his pardon.

152. FIFIS. FIFIS. F.F.I., Forces Francaises de l'lnterieur. Name given in 1944 by the National Committee of Liberation to all the underground movements struggling against the German Occupation. F.F.I., Forces Francaises de l'lnterieur. Name given in 1944 by the National Committee of Liberation to all the underground movements struggling against the German Occupation.

153. MARION. MARION. Paul Marion. Journalist, leading member of the P.P.F. since its founding in 1936. Resigned from the P.P.F. after Munich. Became Secretary of Information in the Vichy government in 1942. After the Liberation, condemned to ten years at forced labor. Paul Marion. Journalist, leading member of the P.P.F. since its founding in 1936. Resigned from the P.P.F. after Munich. Became Secretary of Information in the Vichy government in 1942. After the Liberation, condemned to ten years at forced labor.

154. CORPECHOT. CORPECHOT. Imaginary character, or conceivably Admiral Blehaut. Imaginary character, or conceivably Admiral Blehaut.

155. ADER. ADER. Clement Ader (1841-1925). French engineer. "Father of aviation." In 1890 built l'eole, a heavier-than-air craft aboard which he rose from the ground. In 1892, he flew two hundred meters aboardl'eole II. Clement Ader (1841-1925). French engineer. "Father of aviation." In 1890 built l'eole, a heavier-than-air craft aboard which he rose from the ground. In 1892, he flew two hundred meters aboardl'eole II.

157. DELONCLE. DELONCLE. Eugene Deloncle (1890-1943). Engineer. Joined I Eugene Deloncle (1890-1943). Engineer. Joined I'ActionFrancaisein 1934, but soon broke with it to found the C.S.A.R. (Comite de l'Action Revolutionnaire), better known as the Cagoule. Convicted of complicity in a plot in 1937 and sentenced to a prison term. Freed at the beginning of the war, he founded, at the end of 1940, the M.S.R. (Mouvement Social Revolutionnaire). Merged the M.S.R. with Debt's R.N.P. (Ra.s.semblement National Populaire), but the union was short-lived. After the Allied landing in Algeria, arrested by the Sicherheits-dienst because of his secret relations with Darlan. Murdered by the Gestapo.

157. ENAVACHINE. ENAVACHINE. Russian economist living in Paris. Mysteriously murdered in 1937. See below, note on Navachine and the Roselli Brothers. Russian economist living in Paris. Mysteriously murdered in 1937. See below, note on Navachine and the Roselli Brothers.

157. BOUT DE L'AN. BOUT DE L'AN. One of the chiefs of Darnand's Milice. One of the chiefs of Darnand's Milice.

157. HEROLD PAQUI. HEROLD PAQUI. Jean Herold, alias Jean Herold-Paquis (1912-1945). Journalist. Took part in the Spanish Civil War on the side of Franco. Appointed by Vichy government Delegate for Propaganda in the Hautes-Alpes department (1940). Beginning in 1942, daily news broadcasts over Radio Paris. Joined the P.P.F. Fled to Baden-Baden and Landau. Directed the Radio-Patrie radio station. Escaped to Switzerland in 1945. Handed over to the French authorities, sentenced to death and executed. e Jean Herold, alias Jean Herold-Paquis (1912-1945). Journalist. Took part in the Spanish Civil War on the side of Franco. Appointed by Vichy government Delegate for Propaganda in the Hautes-Alpes department (1940). Beginning in 1942, daily news broadcasts over Radio Paris. Joined the P.P.F. Fled to Baden-Baden and Landau. Directed the Radio-Patrie radio station. Escaped to Switzerland in 1945. Handed over to the French authorities, sentenced to death and executed. e 157. DORIOT. DORIOT. Jacques Doriot (1895-1945). Metal worker. Joined Socialist party in 1918. Broke away from it with the Communist faction at the congress of Tours. Delegate to the Third Congress of the Communist International. Expelled from party in 1934 and founded the P.P.F. (Parti Populaire Francais), which moved rapidly toward fascism. Mobilized in 1939. After the defeat, resumed his activity in the P.P.F. Helped to found the L.V.F. and volunteered to fight on the Russian front. Sigmaringen in 1945. Founded, with Hitler's support, the Committee for French Liberation. Was killed on his way to a meeting with Deat, when his car was machine-gunned by an American plane. Jacques Doriot (1895-1945). Metal worker. Joined Socialist party in 1918. Broke away from it with the Communist faction at the congress of Tours. Delegate to the Third Congress of the Communist International. Expelled from party in 1934 and founded the P.P.F. (Parti Populaire Francais), which moved rapidly toward fascism. Mobilized in 1939. After the defeat, resumed his activity in the P.P.F. Helped to found the L.V.F. and volunteered to fight on the Russian front. Sigmaringen in 1945. Founded, with Hitler's support, the Committee for French Liberation. Was killed on his way to a meeting with Deat, when his car was machine-gunned by an American plane.

157. DeAT. DeAT. Marcel Deat (1894-1955). Professor of philosophy, Socialist (1932), then Neo-Socialist deputy. Aviation Minister in 1936. Under the Occupation, founded the R.N.P., Ra.s.semblement National Populaire. In Vichy government, Secretary of State for Labor and Foreign Affairs (1944). Condemned to death in absentia, he evaded arrest and died in Italy in 1955. Marcel Deat (1894-1955). Professor of philosophy, Socialist (1932), then Neo-Socialist deputy. Aviation Minister in 1936. Under the Occupation, founded the R.N.P., Ra.s.semblement National Populaire. In Vichy government, Secretary of State for Labor and Foreign Affairs (1944). Condemned to death in absentia, he evaded arrest and died in Italy in 1955.

158. NOGUAReS. NOGUAReS. Louis Nogueres, president of the High Court of Jurtice, before which all the big trials of collaborationists were held after the Liberation. Louis Nogueres, president of the High Court of Jurtice, before which all the big trials of collaborationists were held after the Liberation.

159. BRIDOU. BRIDOU. General Bridoux, Minister of war in the Vichy government. General Bridoux, Minister of war in the Vichy government.

167. GAZIER. GAZIER. Albert Gazier, born 1908. Trade unionist, Socialist deputy from the department of the Seine under the Fourth Republic, several times minister. Minister of Information under Pflimlin (1958), the last cabinet of the Fourth Republic. Now retired from political life. Albert Gazier, born 1908. Trade unionist, Socialist deputy from the department of the Seine under the Fourth Republic, several times minister. Minister of Information under Pflimlin (1958), the last cabinet of the Fourth Republic. Now retired from political life.

168. SARTINE. SARTINE. Antoine de Sartine, comte d'AIby (1729-1801). Lieutenant general of police under Louis XV. He took measures to improve the street-cleaning and I'llumination of Paris. Antoine de Sartine, comte d'AIby (1729-1801). Lieutenant general of police under Louis XV. He took measures to improve the street-cleaning and I'llumination of Paris.

171. COMPTOIRS. COMPTOIRS. The The comptoirs comptoirs (trading posts) of India. Thefive cities of India retained by France after the Treaty of Paris (1763): Pondichery, Yanaon, Mahe, Karikal and Chandernagor. Were ceded to India by the Treaty of Delhi (1956). (trading posts) of India. Thefive cities of India retained by France after the Treaty of Paris (1763): Pondichery, Yanaon, Mahe, Karikal and Chandernagor. Were ceded to India by the Treaty of Delhi (1956).

175. PARAZ. PARAZ. Albert Paraz, writer born in 1899. Author of Albert Paraz, writer born in 1899. Author of Bitry, Le Rot tout nu, Le Gala des vaches, etc. Bitry, Le Rot tout nu, Le Gala des vaches, etc.

208. RIBOT. RIBOT. Theodule Ribot (1839-1916). French psychologist of the a.s.sociationist school. Theodule Ribot (1839-1916). French psychologist of the a.s.sociationist school.

211. GREAT DESTROYER OF CARTHAGE. GREAT DESTROYER OF CARTHAGE. ( (Grand Pourfendeur de Carthage) Jean Herold-Paquis. He concluded his daily newcasts with the words: 'Like Carthage, England will be destroyed."

217. PEt.i.tPIERRE. PEt.i.tPIERRE. Perhaps Max Pet.i.tpierre, Swiss statesman, president of the Swiss Confederation in 1950, 1955 and 1960. Perhaps Max Pet.i.tpierre, Swiss statesman, president of the Swiss Confederation in 1950, 1955 and 1960.

233. ROCHAS. ROCHAS. Rochat. Intimate friend of Laval and Secretary of Foreign Affairs in the Vichy government. Rochat. Intimate friend of Laval and Secretary of Foreign Affairs in the Vichy government.

236. LUCHAIRE and CORINNE LUCHAIRE. LUCHAIRE and CORINNE LUCHAIRE. Jean Luchaire, French journalist (1901-1946). In 1927 he founded the week!y Jean Luchaire, French journalist (1901-1946). In 1927 he founded the week!y Notre Temps Notre Temps, which he directed until 1939, and in 1940 the evening daily Les Nouveaux Temps Les Nouveaux Temps. In 1944 he called on the Germans to exterminate the Resistance. Commissioner of Information in Brinon's "Government Commission" in Sigmaringen. Fled to Italy in 1945 and was arrested. Condemned to death and executed. His daughter Corinne was a film actress. Sentenced to 10 years of "national degradation." Died shortly after of tuberculosis.

249. LeON DAUDET. LeON DAUDET. French writer (1867-1942), son of Alphonse Daudet. Notorious anti-Semite. Became a disciple of Maurras and founded with him in 1907 the royalist daily l'Action Francaise. Deputy from Paris from 1919 to 1924. French writer (1867-1942), son of Alphonse Daudet. Notorious anti-Semite. Became a disciple of Maurras and founded with him in 1907 the royalist daily l'Action Francaise. Deputy from Paris from 1919 to 1924.

258. DARQUIER DE PELLEPOIX. DARQUIER DE PELLEPOIX. Born 1898. Real name Darquier. De Pellepoix added after events of February 1934. Attacked Brinon for his Jewish wife. In 1942, appointed Commissioner General for Jewish Affairs in the Vichy government A fanatical anti-Semite, he strictly observed the German directives with regard to the Jews, and derivedpersonal profit from the administration of confiscated Jewish property. Born 1898. Real name Darquier. De Pellepoix added after events of February 1934. Attacked Brinon for his Jewish wife. In 1942, appointed Commissioner General for Jewish Affairs in the Vichy government A fanatical anti-Semite, he strictly observed the German directives with regard to the Jews, and derivedpersonal profit from the administration of confiscated Jewish property.

262. ABETZ. ABETZ. Otto Abetz (1903-1958). Starting out as a teacher of drawing, Abetz attended, beginning about 1930, meetings between young Frenchmen and Germans. Here he met Jean Luchaire. German Amba.s.sador to Paris (1940). Hitler put him in charge of "Franco-German collaboration." Otto Abetz (1903-1958). Starting out as a teacher of drawing, Abetz attended, beginning about 1930, meetings between young Frenchmen and Germans. Here he met Jean Luchaire. German Amba.s.sador to Paris (1940). Hitler put him in charge of "Franco-German collaboration."

264. SOUBISES WITHOUT LANTERNS. SOUBISES WITHOUT LANTERNS. Charles de Rohan, Prince de Soubise (1715-1787). Marshal of France. Defeated at Rossbach in 1757 by Frederick the Great. After this defeat, a caricature showed him wandering around in the night with a lantern, looking for his soldiers. Charles de Rohan, Prince de Soubise (1715-1787). Marshal of France. Defeated at Rossbach in 1757 by Frederick the Great. After this defeat, a caricature showed him wandering around in the night with a lantern, looking for his soldiers.

267. ALPHONSE. ALPHONSE. Alphonse de Chateaubriant (1877-1951). French writer. Goncourt Prize in 1911 for Alphonse de Chateaubriant (1877-1951). French writer. Goncourt Prize in 1911 for Monsieur de Lourdines Monsieur de Lourdines. Visited Germany in 1935 and became enthusiastic over National Socialism. Member of the central committee of the L.V.F. In 1945, took refuge in the Austrian Tyrol, where he died.

272. LESDAIN. LESDAIN. Jacques de Lesdain, extreme right-wing journalist, outspoken advocate of "collaboration.'' Director of Jacques de Lesdain, extreme right-wing journalist, outspoken advocate of "collaboration.'' Director of l'Ill.u.s.tration l'Ill.u.s.tration during the Occupation. during the Occupation.

272. BERNARD FAYE. BERNARD FAYE. Historian. Born in 1895. During the war, professor at the College de France. Appointed administrator of the Bibliotheque Nationale under the Occupation. Director of the anti-Masonic service of the Vichy government. In 1946, condemned to forced labor for life. Escaped to Switzerland in 1951. Given an instructors.h.i.+p at the Inst.i.tut de lange francaise in Fribourg, but student protests forced him to resign. Historian. Born in 1895. During the war, professor at the College de France. Appointed administrator of the Bibliotheque Nationale under the Occupation. Director of the anti-Masonic service of the Vichy government. In 1946, condemned to forced labor for life. Escaped to Switzerland in 1951. Given an instructors.h.i.+p at the Inst.i.tut de lange francaise in Fribourg, but student protests forced him to resign.

276. MORNET. MORNET. French magistrate. Prosecuting attorney of the High Court of Justice, acting at all the great anti-collaborationist trials after the Liberation (Petain, Laval, etc). French magistrate. Prosecuting attorney of the High Court of Justice, acting at all the great anti-collaborationist trials after the Liberation (Petain, Laval, etc).

278. JE SUIS PARTOUT. JE SUIS PARTOUT. Extreme-right week!y published in Paris from 1933 to 1939 and from 1941 to 1944. Extreme-right week!y published in Paris from 1933 to 1939 and from 1941 to 1944.

278. FONTENOY. FONTENOY. Jean Fontenoy. Journalist. Former Communist Member of P.P.F. Joined L.V.F., killed in street fighting in Berlin in 1945. Jean Fontenoy. Journalist. Former Communist Member of P.P.F. Joined L.V.F., killed in street fighting in Berlin in 1945.

280. PURE AND SURE. PURE AND SURE. Speaking at a Socialist party congress, Guy Mollet declared that the party must become Speaking at a Socialist party congress, Guy Mollet declared that the party must become "pur et dur" "pur et dur" (pure and hard). (pure and hard).

281. JARDIN. JARDIN. Jean Jardin. Laval's office manager. Sheltered endangered Resistance members in his home. Jean Jardin. Laval's office manager. Sheltered endangered Resistance members in his home.

281. GUeRARD. GUeRARD. Jacques Guerard, secretary general of the Vichy government Judged in absentia in 1947. Jacques Guerard, secretary general of the Vichy government Judged in absentia in 1947.

287. N.S.K.K. N.S.K.K. n.a.z.ionalsozialistisches Kraftfahrer-Korps. a.s.sociation of National Socialist Truck Drivers. n.a.z.ionalsozialistisches Kraftfahrer-Korps. a.s.sociation of National Socialist Truck Drivers.

288. P.P.F P.P.F Parti Populaire Francais. Founded in June 1936 by Jacques Doriot and other Communist dissidents. In 1937 the party moved toward fascism, advocating an anti-Communist "front for freedom." Of all the French parties of the extreme right, the P.P.F. was closest to fascism in ideology and structure. Parti Populaire Francais. Founded in June 1936 by Jacques Doriot and other Communist dissidents. In 1937 the party moved toward fascism, advocating an anti-Communist "front for freedom." Of all the French parties of the extreme right, the P.P.F. was closest to fascism in ideology and structure.

290. F.T.P. F.T.P. Francs Tireurs et Partisans. Under the Occupation, an underground resistance group under strong Communist influence. In 1944, incorporated with the F.F.I. Francs Tireurs et Partisans. Under the Occupation, an underground resistance group under strong Communist influence. In 1944, incorporated with the F.F.I.

295. CHABANAIS. CHABANAIS. The most luxurious and perhaps the most celebrated of Paris brothels, on the rue Chabanais in the Opera quarter. Like all other French brothels, closed in 1946. The most luxurious and perhaps the most celebrated of Paris brothels, on the rue Chabanais in the Opera quarter. Like all other French brothels, closed in 1946.

300. ROBERT KEMP ROBERT KEMP (1879-1959). Eminent French literary and dramatic critic. Drama critic on (1879-1959). Eminent French literary and dramatic critic. Drama critic on Le Monde Le Monde from 1944 until the time of his death. from 1944 until the time of his death.

300. FUALDeS FUALDeS (1751-1817). French magistrate a.s.sa.s.sinated in 1817. An accomplice of the a.s.sa.s.sins played the barrel organ outside the ill-famed hotel to which he had been lured, in order to drown out his cries. The incident was the theme of a mournful popular song. (1751-1817). French magistrate a.s.sa.s.sinated in 1817. An accomplice of the a.s.sa.s.sins played the barrel organ outside the ill-famed hotel to which he had been lured, in order to drown out his cries. The incident was the theme of a mournful popular song.

308. NAVACHINE and the ROSELLI BROTHERS NAVACHINE and the ROSELLI BROTHERS (see above). The murder of the Russian economist Navachine and of the Roselli Brothers, Italian anti-fascist refugees in France, was attributed to the Cagoule. (see above). The murder of the Russian economist Navachine and of the Roselli Brothers, Italian anti-fascist refugees in France, was attributed to the Cagoule.

315. LALIQUE MeTRO. LALIQUE MeTRO. The first entrances to the Paris Metro were not designed by Rene Lalique but by another modern-style artist, the architect Hector Guimard (1867-1934). The first entrances to the Paris Metro were not designed by Rene Lalique but by another modern-style artist, the architect Hector Guimard (1867-1934).

316. VERMERSH. VERMERSH. Jeannette Vermeersch, born 1910. Textile worker. Communist deputy from the department of the Seine. Widow of Maurice Th.o.r.ez, secretary of the French Communist party. Jeannette Vermeersch, born 1910. Textile worker. Communist deputy from the department of the Seine. Widow of Maurice Th.o.r.ez, secretary of the French Communist party.

320. POELCAPELLE. POELCAPELLE. Town in Flanders where Celine was severely wounded in the head and arm in November, 1914, receiving the medaille militaire for his heroism. As a result of this wound he was trepanned and accorded 75% invalid status. Town in Flanders where Celine was severely wounded in the head and arm in November, 1914, receiving the medaille militaire for his heroism. As a result of this wound he was trepanned and accorded 75% invalid status.

337. ONE OF THEM JUMPED OUT OF THE WINDOW. ONE OF THEM JUMPED OUT OF THE WINDOW. Allusion to the death of Pierre Brossolette (1903-1944), a resistance member who jumped from the sixth story of a building used by the Gestapo in Paris to avoid talking under torture. Historian and Socialist deputy, Brossolette was an adviser to de Gaulle in London. He was several times parachuted into France. Allusion to the death of Pierre Brossolette (1903-1944), a resistance member who jumped from the sixth story of a building used by the Gestapo in Paris to avoid talking under torture. Historian and Socialist deputy, Brossolette was an adviser to de Gaulle in London. He was several times parachuted into France.

339. HENRY. HENRY. Hubert-Joseph Henry, French officer (1846-1898). Accused of having forged a letter, dated October 1896, from the Italian military attache to his German counterpart, compromising Dreyfus. Arrested, he committed suicide in his cell at Mont-Valerien. Hubert-Joseph Henry, French officer (1846-1898). Accused of having forged a letter, dated October 1896, from the Italian military attache to his German counterpart, compromising Dreyfus. Arrested, he committed suicide in his cell at Mont-Valerien.

Louis-Ferdinand Celine NORTH.

Introduction by Kurt Vonnegut, Jr.

This (largely nonfictional) novel is set for the most part in a German village where, in the twilight of the Third Reich, conscientious objectors, prost.i.tutes, a curious family of n.o.bles, Celine, his companions, and various other refugees are gathered. Here they watch the distant air raids on Berlin and look with fear across the plain that stretches to the Urals. Celine works as a doctor; the prost.i.tutes kill one of the n.o.bles; the actor Robert Le Vigan goes temporarily insane; and as the victorious Allied armies approach, the village itself comes to reflect the fury and destruction unleashed over all Europe.

Louis-Ferdinand Celine RIGADOON.

Introduction by Kurt Vonnegut, Jr.

This volcanic novel (if Rigadoon can be called a novel) depicts the nightmare atmosphere of Germany in the last days of World War II. Celine, his wife, and the cat Bebert make their way across a ravaged landscape, from Rostock to Ulm, to Hamburg, and finally to Denmark. At Hanover, in the h.e.l.lish glare of phosphorus bombs, Celine is struck in the head-an accident that unleashes paranoid visions on a cosmic scale. As he and his wife and their adopted band of s...o...b..ring, feeble-minded children board a train for Denmark, hallucination and reality merge and can no longer be distinguished.