Farm City_ The Education Of An Urban Farmer Part 2

"And you grow vegetables in it." Bobby was wearing a pair of antennas he made out of a girl's headband and some tinfoil.

"Yes, it's really composted down, though," I a.s.sured Bobby. I stood up to stretch my back but found I couldn't stand up completely. I hunched over, my shoulders caved in, and gasped, "So there aren't any bad bacteria or whatever."

"We used chicken droppings," Bobby said. "Whoo, that stuff stunk. Now, this isn't too bad." He took a pinch of the manure and sniffed. Bobby had come from Arkansas as a young man. Many of the black people living in Oakland came from families who had migrated from the South in the 1920s to work as longsh.o.r.emen for the port, as porters for the railroad, or in manufacturing jobs. Back then, Oakland was known as the Detroit of the West. In the 1940s, in what some historians call the second gold rush, manufacturing and military jobs attracted more immigrants from the South, and the black population grew by 227 percent. Oakland, once a monoculture of whiteness, became diverse when people like Bobby's parents moved in. that stuff stunk. Now, this isn't too bad." He took a pinch of the manure and sniffed. Bobby had come from Arkansas as a young man. Many of the black people living in Oakland came from families who had migrated from the South in the 1920s to work as longsh.o.r.emen for the port, as porters for the railroad, or in manufacturing jobs. Back then, Oakland was known as the Detroit of the West. In the 1940s, in what some historians call the second gold rush, manufacturing and military jobs attracted more immigrants from the South, and the black population grew by 227 percent. Oakland, once a monoculture of whiteness, became diverse when people like Bobby's parents moved in.

Bill and I surveyed our progress in unloading the horse manure. The truck bed was empty. The raised bed was . . . half empty. I stared at it with contempt. I was exhausted, but this was our last chance to use our friend's truck. We would have to make another run.

"Can you make sure no one parks here?" Bill asked Bobby. We needed the area in front of the lot clear so we could unload our next load of horses.h.i.+t. Bobby nodded and went to get a shopping cart to block the parking spot. He waved at our truck as we drove away, back to the hills, back to the stables.

We had to cross the county line to get our horse poo. Oakland's county, Alameda, gave way to Contra Costa County, land of rolling hills, working cattle ranches, and more recently rich folks with McMansions. Lucky for us, rich people like horses. And horses make a lot of manure. Which piles up and composts away until an enterprising gardener arrives and offers to take away this jackpot of tilth and nutrients.

The horses whinnied when they heard us drive up. I backed the truck as close as possible to the mother lode: a ma.s.sive mound of composting manure the size of a small barn. The smell-horse sweat, dirt, gra.s.s, and that unmistakable odor of cellulose breaking down-was heavenly. It reminded me of growing up on my parents' property in Idaho. Two of my favorite family photos are one of my father astride a gorgeous pinto in a snowy field and another of me riding a brown pony.

I was only four years old when my parents' life on the ranch finally unraveled and my mom, my sister, and I moved to town. I had my first existential crisis when I realized that it was not possible to have a pony in the city. I still remember standing in my bedroom, looking out my window, and feeling the utter horror and emptiness of my horseless life in town. Eventually I got some unicorn posters, and all was healed. Or maybe not all, because I still feel a p.r.i.c.kle of almost religious ecstasy at the smell of horses.h.i.+t.

Our buckets clattering, Bill and I marched up to the edge of the pile. My method was to cradle a bucket in my arms and sc.r.a.pe the side of the manure hill until a mini avalanche filled the bucket. Bill used a shovel to scoop from the very bottom of the pile. Red worms came along with the black dirt, which was warm to the touch. It steamed a little in the chilly night air. Bucket after bucket until we filled the back of the truck. It was our third trip of the day, it was night, and our arms were aching from the schlepping.

We paused in our bucket filling and noticed the silence. No highway noise, no car alarms or ambulances. The hills unfolded off to the east, little farms marked by a light or two. We were truly in the country.

Driving away from the stables, the truck's suspension nearly buckling under the load, I looked back at the ma.s.sive hill of manure. It looked untouched.

"Man, w.i.l.l.y's going to be p.i.s.sed when he finds out how much manure we loaded into this thing!" I said.

"Let's not tell him," Bill suggested.

Farther down the road, a fog had rolled in and enveloped the hills that looked out over the East Bay.

"Well, we'll just give him some tomatoes or-"

"Look out!" Bill cried and grabbed the truck's Oh s.h.i.+t handle.

We had almost veered over a cliff. I'm a horrible driver, once almost launching us into the Pacific Ocean while driving along Highway 1. I braked and slowed down and started to really concentrate on the road.

"G.o.d," Bill said.

"Sorry," I muttered, and we fell silent as the truck rattled down the road. With the low visibility, everything suddenly felt treacherous. A strange loneliness filled my heart, and I thought of my mother.

The road to our ranch in Idaho had been similarly treacherous, and I remembered her story about the day I was born. It was late December, and my parents had hoped to win the New Year Baby contest put on by Les Schwab Tires in Orofino, Idaho. The parents with the first baby born on January 1, 1973, would win a pair of tires and a side of beef. My parents thought they had timed it perfectly, but I was a restless little baby and emerged instead on the snowy night of December 30.

When my mom tells the story of my birth, which has become part of the popular lore of my family, she paints a colorful picture. There was three feet of snow on the ground, and the truck barely avoided sliding off the steep ravine near the ranch. Then the truck threw a rod, destroying the engine, so they had to hitchhike to the hospital. She always tells the story with a smile, as if it had all been a great deal of fun. But now that I'm an adult, when I hear her story, it sounds dangerous, frightening, cold-distinctly unfun.

I cracked open the window of the truck to stop the condensation on the winds.h.i.+eld and braked slowly around a hairpin turn.

The country had taken a toll on my mom. She was lonely up there on the ranch. My dad, who eventually went semiferal, would often go on weeks-long hunting trips, leaving my mom to tend to the ranch duties: milking the cow, watering the garden, and locking the duck pen at night. She missed her friends, her exciting life when she had attended be-ins in Golden Gate Park, danced at rock shows, and traveled the world.

I still regard the country as a place of isolation, full of beauty-maybe-but mostly loneliness. So when friends plan their escape to the country (after they save enough money to buy rural property), where they imagine they'll split wood, milk goats, and become one with nature, I shake my head. Don't we ever learn anything from the past? And that's probably why I avoided rural places and chose to live in the city-but, of course, my modified, farm-animal-populated version of the city.

The fog broke once we hit the highway. Propelled by the weight of the manure, we swooped down the concrete mainline of Highway 24 back into Oakland with a fine dusting of horses.h.i.+t trailing behind us. My melancholy mood was replaced by a wave of love toward my adopted city. With its late-night newsstands and rowdy bars, a city meant I would never be lonely.

When we turned down our street, Bobby was there, guarding the gates.

Bill and I met on an elevator, fell in love because of cats, and lasted because of bees.

In 1997, I was headed to a cla.s.s to show David Attenborough's The Private Life of Plants The Private Life of Plants to a group of Ecology 101 students. While finis.h.i.+ng up my degrees in English and biology at the University of Was.h.i.+ngton, I worked as a projectionist, paid $3.85 an hour to hit PLAY on a VCR and then sit back in the AV booth and do my homework. to a group of Ecology 101 students. While finis.h.i.+ng up my degrees in English and biology at the University of Was.h.i.+ngton, I worked as a projectionist, paid $3.85 an hour to hit PLAY on a VCR and then sit back in the AV booth and do my homework.

Cla.s.sroom Support Services, my employer, had recently hired a skinny new guy who wore an ugly red wool hat and a too-short sweats.h.i.+rt. He was in the elevator when I got on, and he scrunched up against the wall and seemed extremely nervous. I gave him a smile, and he returned it with a half wave. I like nervous people, because they make me feel confident. He was cuter than I initially thought, with olive skin and warm brown eyes.

At my floor, I stepped off the elevator.

"Um, excuse me," the man stammered. He had cotton b.a.l.l.s stuffed in his ears. Later I would find out he had problems with his ears, especially in the cold wet of Seattle. The cotton b.a.l.l.s kept out the elements, as did the red hat.

He handed me a folded sheet of yellow paper. I glanced at it-The Speckled Pig Zine, it said. The doors closed, and I walked to my cla.s.s. it said. The doors closed, and I walked to my cla.s.s.

A few minutes later, while David Attenborough's British-accented voice filled the auditorium, I looked through the zine in the booth. Some funny poems, a story about a lost dog, and a questionnaire mostly about cats. (You see a cat. Do you, a. kiss its head? b. kiss its paws? c. kiss it on the lips?) I find men who have felines impossibly s.e.xy.

On our first date, he gave me a ridiculous pair of rabbit-fur gloves he had found on the bus. They were turquoise with a white fur lining. I loved them. We walked around to various bookstores. It was cold, and he took my arm and leaned in to smell my hair. Later I met the cats, Speck and Sparkles, and saw Bill's tiny studio apartment.

Bill had grown up in Indiana and Florida. His mom was from West Virginia, a strapping farm girl with ten brothers and sisters who helped her mom raise chickens and pigs on their little five-acre farm. She and Bill's dad had gone into construction and built fancy houses in Florida. Bill hated Florida and had recently moved to the other end of the country.

We moved in together after our second date. We settled into a rambling house on Seattle's Beacon Hill that became known as the Hen House.

For my twenty-fifth birthday, Bill loaded me into the car and we drove toward Mount Rainier. We pulled into a U-cut Christmas-tree farm and gift shop, and I wondered why he thought I would want a Christmas tree for my birthday. Plus, it was December 30-was he not only totally off base but also incredibly cheap? Maybe I had really misjudged this guy, I thought, looking at a beeswax candle in the shape of a gnome in the store. While I pondered my bad-gift future with Bill-snow globes, kitten-statue door-stops, balloons that read I WUV U-I weighed the merits of our relations.h.i.+p. Great pillow talk. A love of reading. A similar sense of what is funny. Gift h.e.l.l would have to be a concession.

After he wandered around the rustic cabinlike store, which smelled like cinnamon sticks and pine needles, Bill stopped in front of me. "Novella," he started in his soft but gravelly voice. He scooted me closer to some pine-colored boxes stacked up near the door. "I'm giving you a beekeeping kit for your birthday."

He pointed at the hive boxes and supers (boxes to add as the colony grows) I was standing next to. Only then did I understand the name of the shop: Trees 'n Bees. Elated at this sudden stroke of genius gift-giving, I hugged Bill. The rest of the kit consisted of a smoker; a veil and cap; a pair of long, thick gloves; a hive tool; extra supers; a small book, First Lessons in Beekeeping; First Lessons in Beekeeping; and the promise of a small wire box filled with worker bees and one queen come spring. and the promise of a small wire box filled with worker bees and one queen come spring.

The bearded salesman, who reminded me of a bear, rang up our order, then showed us the observation hive on view from inside the little shop. Behind Plexiglas we could see a seething ma.s.s of bees moving along a dark-colored honeycomb. I inhaled the scent surrounding the box; it was a richly textured odor-sweet nutmeg and new wood.

I had been in love with the idea of beekeeping-danger coupled with hard work blended with sweet rewards-but figured that I could never do it in the city. My mom's friend Lowell had been a beekeeper in Idaho. I distinctly remember a trip to his farm, a land of rolling gold hills dotted with dark pine trees and white painted boxes, which my mom told me were bee houses. Lowell had wild blond hair and an unruly beard, and he had studied agriculture at Cornell before going back to the land, so he had a leg up over most of the other hapless hippies struggling to live off the land. His bees' honey came suspended in comb. The sweet golden liquid was the best thing I ever tasted. As a child, I never thought about the details. It was simple: Lowell made honey. And the idea of becoming a beekeeper myself? That seemed wildly improbable, about as attainable as becoming an astronaut.

Until Bill started to tell me about hobbyist beekeepers.

One of whom was Sylvia Plath. The daughter of a beekeper, she and husband Ted Hughes kept bees during the happy years. Bill showed me her bee poems, and they took my breath away. "The Arrival of the Bee Box," for example: I ordered this, clean wood box Square as a chair and almost too heavy to lift.

I would say it was the coffin of a midget Or a square baby Were there not such a din in it. . . .

I lay my ear to furious Latin.

I am not a Caesar.

I have simply ordered a box of maniacs.

They can be sent back.

They can die, I need feed them nothing, I am the owner. . . .

And Bill pointed out that there were beekeepers in cities like Paris and New York City. The forage, I read that winter in antic.i.p.ation of receiving my bees, was better in cities because of city gardeners who keep plants that bloom year-round.

That spring, I returned for my bee package-a s...o...b..x-sized cage with wire mesh sides so the approximately five thousand bees inside can breathe-and the bearlike man took me and a few other customers out to a field to demonstrate how to "install the hive." I stood in the lush green gra.s.s, terrified behind my brand-new veil. The bee guy, wearing shorts, gave a rambling discourse on beekeeping while he poured the new bees into the hive. The other newbies and I stood very far back. But as he got more and more animated about beekeeping, about the order of the hive-workers, drones, and queens-we all crept closer and closer to him. Bees landed on our shoulders and veils and then flitted off. As the details of the mysterious honeybee filled the empty beekeeping section of my brain, I felt lucky and giddy, as if someone had shown me a secret door.

The Trees 'n Bees guy did make it look easy. Then I was sent home to do the same with an increasingly angry-sounding hairy herd. I experienced a glimmer of what it must feel like returning from the hospital with a baby.

As I pulled the Dodge Dart away from the forest of Christmas trees I wondered how the bearlike man could trust me with the care of this thing. What if I dropped the box? What if they grow up and decide to swarm, to abandon me? And I thought about getting stung. A lot. Mostly because I was actually choosing to get stung. It felt a bit transgressive.

It certainly seemed so to my next-door neighbor in Seattle.

"You should move to the country," Tudy said when she saw the buzzing s...o...b..x. She was out on her lawn, tr.i.m.m.i.n.g the gra.s.s with a pair of scissors so that it was perfectly even. Next to her painstakingly manicured yard was our parking-strip garden, a raised bed with tall stalks of fava beans and a chaotic jumble of lettuces and Swiss chard. She hated us.

Seattle's city code allowed for beekeeping if the distance from the hive to neighboring structures was at least fifty feet. By hosting the hive on our upstairs deck, we were complying with the code. And so I ignored our neighbor and marched upstairs, clutching the bee package as if I knew what I was doing.

Then I put on as much clothing as possible. Triple s.h.i.+rts, a mechanic's jumpsuit, several pairs of socks hiked up and tucked into the jumpsuit, the heavy-duty-fabric beekeeping gloves (regretting I hadn't traded up for the more expensive leather ones), and finally, my veil. Swaddled as I was, I could barely put my arms down. I grabbed the gleaming hive tool-it still had the price tag on it-and installed my hive.

The sun was going down on a rare cloudless April day. Bill watched from a safe distance. As instructed, we positioned the hive to face east so it would get early morning sun. Installing later in the day avoids confusing the bees, who should spend at least a night in their hive before venturing out. I pried the lid off the bee package and tilted the opening toward the virgin hive body, with its orderly rows of frames that the bees would fill with honey.

The bees came out like a liquid, spilling into the box without incident. The Trees 'n Bees guy had showed us how to tap the package like a ketchup bottle to get out the last of the stragglers. From fear and sheer clothing volume, I had a slick of sweat dripping down my back. My terror was unfounded: The bees were entirely docile.

I fished the queen chamber out of the almost empty wire box. A few bees, her attendants, clung to the outside of the little box within the box. At the bottom was a plug of candy. The idea is that the workers will eventually chew the candy and release the queen. But I wanted to see her. So with the end of my hive tool, I somehow popped the candy inward, and she emerged. Her a.s.s was enormous; she looked like some kind of exotic beetle. As I held the little box across the top of the beehive she strutted into her new home. Was it just me, or did she actually have an air of royalty? Then she was gone, down into her chambers, where she would lay all the eggs to keep the hive going.

I received one sting on my ring finger.

We had two years of productive beekeeping in Seattle. Bill and I worked the hives together, giving the bees sugar water to get them through the winter, adding new supers during the honey flow in summer. We harvested by stealing a few frames at a time and letting the honey drizzle out into a large pan.

Over those years, Bill and I both grew a little fatter. When I first met him, Bill was a skinny poet. Over the Seattle years he went to mechanic school at a local community college, and all that wrench-turning (and my cooking) bulked him up. I gained a few pounds, too. Maybe it was all that honey harvesting, but I think it was just being in love.

When we decided to move to Oakland, we entertained for a brief instant the idea of bringing the bees with us in our van. Using our good judgment for once, we left them with our roommates at the Hen House.

It wasn't until that second spring in GhostTown, when I started to feel like the lot might be mine forever, that we got another hive of bees. I had called our roommates in Seattle, and they had told me the news: My bees had finally died. Because beekeeping equipment is expensive, I hired some movers to bring down the empty bee boxes from Seattle. Then I ordered another package of bees like the ones I got from Trees 'n Bees. Instead of picking them up at a local bee store, I got them through the mail.

I received a desperate phone call from the post office when they arrived.

"Ms. Carpenter?" the lady on the other end of the phone panted.

"Yes, speaking."

"We've got a-what do you call it?-a box of bees, and they're freaking everyone out." It was the Oakland postmistress calling from the Shattuck Avenue office. "Can you come collect them right now-before we close?" she begged.

"OK, I'll be there in fifteen minutes," I said.

"They're outside. They've attracted all kinds of bees."

When I pulled up on my bike, a few stray bees were bobbing around the post office, undoubtedly attracted to the powerful pheromones the queen emitted from the mesh box. It was April in Northern California, arguably the best month in terms of weather. I filled out some paperwork regarding my ident.i.ty, then went around to the back and picked up the humming box.

"Now, I wouldn't mind some honey next time you come by," the postmistress yelled from a safe distance. Yup, that's most people-scared of bees but drawn to honey.

The package fit perfectly in the basket mounted on the front of my bike, and I proceeded to ride down Telegraph Avenue, laughing out loud at the bees who tried to follow us amid the traffic. At stoplights I looked down at the mesh box, the bees churning around, and told them to get ready for GhostTown.

Back at home, I placed the package of bees on the deck, then got to work setting up the new hive. (The garden would have been a better location, but I worried about the reaction of the owner of the lot, Jack Chan, to a box of stinging insects.) I placed the stand and bottom board on a table, then added the bottom box with its ten empty frames. I positioned the hive facing east, toward Highway 980, the BART trains, and, farther out, the Oakland hills. Then, wearing just a T-s.h.i.+rt and shorts, I casually shook the bees into their new home, fished out the queen, and placed the lid on top of the hive.

The next morning, I monitored their progress from my desk in the living room. They were circling, figuring out the new coordinates of home. The ABC and XYZ of Bee Culture The ABC and XYZ of Bee Culture calls these "play flights"; they establish where home is in terms of the orientation of the sun and sky. As they returned for the evening the bees were like flecks of gold, backlit by the sun. One night a few days later, I went out to the box and heard strange noises-blips and buzzes, whines and hums. When I touched it, the hive was warm, like a body. calls these "play flights"; they establish where home is in terms of the orientation of the sun and sky. As they returned for the evening the bees were like flecks of gold, backlit by the sun. One night a few days later, I went out to the box and heard strange noises-blips and buzzes, whines and hums. When I touched it, the hive was warm, like a body.

CHAPTER FOUR.

A year after getting our Oakland hive, Bill and I sat in the living room and paged through the Mann Lake catalog. "The electric one is $799!" Bill exclaimed. We were hunting for a stainless-steel, hand-cranked honey extractor. In Seattle we had used a bucket and gravity to extract the honey, but the ants in California made this impossible. Normally foes of catalog shopping, we made exceptions when it came to gardening and beekeeping supplies.

"We don't need an electric one-this hand-cranked looks good," I said, reaching over his shoulder to point to the most inexpensive model.

"Looks cheap," Bill said, his big hands curled around the catalog. He pointed out that the handle on top might break off.

I moved my foot from the couch to the floor. I heard the crunch before I felt the sharp pinch on the soft pad of my big toe. My favorite description of a bee sting comes from Maurice Maeterlinck, who writes of a sting in his hilariously dramatic Life of the Bee Life of the Bee as a "kind of destroying dryness, a flame of the desert rus.h.i.+ng over the wounded limb, as though these daughters of the sun had distilled a dazzling poison from their father's angry rays." Yes, my bee sting hurt. No one was safe in our living room. Bill had gotten stung on the head. A visitor had had a bee fly down her dress and sting her bottom. as a "kind of destroying dryness, a flame of the desert rus.h.i.+ng over the wounded limb, as though these daughters of the sun had distilled a dazzling poison from their father's angry rays." Yes, my bee sting hurt. No one was safe in our living room. Bill had gotten stung on the head. A visitor had had a bee fly down her dress and sting her bottom.

I yelped, and Bill, knowing immediately what had happened, shook his head. I curled my foot up onto his lap, and he found the stinger. The flattened bee lay on the ground where I had stepped on her. He scratched off the stinger and showed it to me. It was black and pointed, with a clear sac connected to it. It was still pulsating.

Every night in the summer, five to ten bees would sneak into our house, h.e.l.l-bent on reaching the blazing lights on the fixture mounted on our living room ceiling. They came through a crack in the door to the deck. Once inside, they flew straight into the light fixture (which they might have mistaken for a cheaply made, four-headed sun). Then, stunned by the impact, they plunged back to earth. On the floor, they would crawl around in circles until they regained the strength to try again. Like the poor Icarus I had just stepped on. These nighttime escapades were an argument against keeping bees on the deck. But during the day, I liked watching them come and go as I worked at my desk.

I held a piece of ice on the sting. Bill, barely taking notice of the swelling on my toe, circled a midpriced stainless-steel hand-cranked extractor in the middle of the catalog. "Let's get that one," he said.

We were moving up in the urban farming world. The honey extractor would soon be ours. There's a saying: No gear, no hobby. The longer we lived in Oakland, the more garden-related gear we seemed to acc.u.mulate.

Later, with Bill's help, I hobbled over to Lana's for her weekly variety show. Lana's warehouse was dim and cold with a warm center. The exterior of the building was lined with corrugated metal painted a dusty yellow. You walked past the chain-link gate, through a thick metal front door, then squinted or felt your way along a dark concrete corridor that smelled like vermin. Lana, a vegetarian, loved all animals and refused to put out rat traps. Turning the bra.s.s k.n.o.b on the second wooden door to the right, you fell into Lana's rowdy Wednesday-night speakeasy. Music blasted from the room, which was a riot of color, with half-finished art installations leaning against the walls. A collection of characters-old guys who grew up in Oakland in the 1950s, sculptors who worked for Pixar, buskers, and hustlers-sat at the long wooden bar.

A woman known as Bunny sat on the white leather couch. She was explaining to a sharply dressed man wearing a 1940s suit about her female wrestling troupe, the FFF. "It stands for whatever," she said, "fierce, fabulous fighters, maybe." Maya, Lana's guinea pig, sat in Bunny's lap. The guinea pig had free rein in the warehouse. Tiny brown pellets rolled on the white leather.

"We'll bust through that," Bunny said, pointing at a six-foot-tall painting on paper of the silhouette of a woman warrior with "FFF" written across her chest.

"And those are her . . ." The retro man seemed embarra.s.sed and s.h.i.+fted in his seat. Maya t.u.r.ds rolled around.

"Yeah, her lips," Bunny said, referring to the silhouette's enormous l.a.b.i.a.

Lana popped popcorn and poured $2 gla.s.ses of wine from behind the bar.

In the corner by the fake fireplace, Craig and Phil discussed refurbis.h.i.+ng real wood car dashboards.

Taurean, a recent transplant from the South, explained the word "buggy" to a northerner. "You know-a shopping cart!" he exclaimed.