The Queen Mother Part 31

FOUR: A ROYAL WEDDING 1923.

1 Lady Elizabeth Bowes Lyon, diary, 16 January 1923. RA QEQM/PRIV/DIARY/3 2 King George V to Lady Elizabeth Bowes Lyon, 15 January 1923, RA QEQM/PRIV/RF 3 Queen Mary to Lady Elizabeth Bowes Lyon, 15 January 1923, RA QEQM/PRIV/RF 4 Queen Mary to Lady Strathmore, 15 January 1923, Glamis Archives (CH) 5 Lady Strathmore to Queen Mary, 16 January 1923, RA QM/PRIV/CC47/737 6 Duke of York to Queen Mary, 16 January 1923, RA QM/PRIV/CC11/22 7 Lady Elizabeth Bowes Lyon to King George V, 17 January 1923, RA GV/PRIV/AA61/342 8 Lady Elizabeth Bowes Lyon to Queen Mary, 17 January 1923, RA QM/PRIV/CC 11/34 9 Lady Strathmore to May Elphinstone, 16 January 1923, RA QEQM/OUT/ELPHINSTONE 10 Evening News, 17 January 1923 11 Charles Graves, The Bad Old Days, Faber & Faber, 1951, pp. 701 12 Queen Mary to Duke of York, 18 January 1923, RA GVI/PRIV/RF/11 13 Lady Elizabeth Bowes Lyon, diary, 1618 January 1923, RA QEQM/PRIV/DIARY/3 14 Prince of Wales to d.u.c.h.ess of York, 15 January 1923, RA QEQM/PRIV/RF 15 Lady Elizabeth Bowes Lyon to Arthur Penn, n.d. [18 January 1923], Penn Papers 16 Lady Strathmore to Arthur Penn, 18 January 1923, Penn Papers 17 Lady Elizabeth Bowes Lyon to D'Arcy Osborne, 17 January, 1923, RA QEQM/OUT/OSBORNE 18 Lady Elizabeth Bowes Lyon, diary, 19 January 1923, RA QEQM/PRIV/DIARY/3 19 Lady Elizabeth Bowes Lyon, diary, 20 January 1923. RA QEQM/PRIV/DIARY/3 20 Wheeler-Bennett, p. 151 21 RA GV/PRIV/GVD/1923: 20 January; RA QM/PRIV/QMD/1923: 2021 January 22 Queen Elizabeth to Charles, Prince of Wales, n.d. [1960s], Clarence House Archives, 10086600 23 RA QM/PRIV/QMD/1923: 20 January 24 Duke of York to Lady Leicester, 21 January 1923, Glamis Archives 25 Lady Elizabeth Bowes Lyon to May Elphinstone, n.d. [20 January 1923], RA QEQM/OUT/ELPHINSTONE 26 Lady Elizabeth Bowes Lyon to Beryl Poignand, 21 January 1923, Glamis Archives (CH) 27 Michael Bowes Lyon to Lady Elizabeth Bowes Lyon, 20 January 1923, RA QEQM/PRIV/BL 28 Lady Elizabeth Bowes Lyon, diary, 1 February 1923, RA QEQM/PRIV/DIARY/3 29 Lord Gage to Lady Elizabeth Bowes Lyon, 19 January 1923, RA QEQM/PRIV/PAL 30 Archibald Clark Kerr to Lady Elizabeth Bowes Lyon, 24 January 1923, RA QEQM/PRIV/PAL 31 Lady Elizabeth Bowes Lyon, diary, 21 January 1923, RA QEQM/PRIV/DIARY/3 32 Duke of York to Queen Mary, 23 January 1923, RA QM/PRIV/CC11/35 33 Queen Mary to Duke of York, 24 January 1923, RA GVI/PRIV/RF/11 34 King George V to first Lord Hardinge of Penshurst, 27 January 1923, RA QEQM/PRIV/PAL (enclosed with letter from Lord Hardinge to Queen Elizabeth, 22 July 1937) 35 Queen Mary to Lady Strathmore, 25 January 1923, Glamis Archives 36 Lady Elizabeth Bowes Lyon, diary, 22 January 1923, RA QEQM/PRIV/DIARY/3 37 Queen Mary to Duke of York, 24 January 1923, RA GVI/PRIV/RF/11 38 Wheeler-Bennett, pp. 1878 39 Lady Elizabeth Bowes Lyon, diary, 23 January 1923, RA QEQM/PRIV/DIARY/3 40 Lady Elizabeth Bowes Lyon to Queen Mary, 25 January 1923, RAQM/PRIV/CC11/36 41 Lady Elizabeth Bowes Lyon, diary, 26 January 1923, RA QEQM/PRIV/DIARY/3 42 Lady Elizabeth Bowes Lyon to Duke of York, n.d. [25 January 1923], RA GVI/PRIV/RF/26/51 43 Duke of York to Lady Elizabeth Bowes Lyon, n.d. [25] and 26 January 1923, RA QEQM/PRIV/RF 44 Lady Elizabeth Bowes Lyon, diary, 27 January 1923, RA QEQM/PRIV/DIARY/3 45 King George V to Prince George, 31 January 1923, RA GV/PRIV/AA61/152 46 Lady Elizabeth Bowes Lyon, diary, 4 February 1923, RA QEQM/PRIV/DIARY/3 47 Duke of York to Lady Strathmore, 30 January 1923, Glamis Archives 48 Lady Strathmore to Duke of York, 1 February 1923, RA GVI/PRIV/PAL/S/32 49 Duke of York to Lady Airlie, 30 January 1923, pencil copy by Lady Airlie, British Library, Add MSS 82751 50 Lady Elizabeth Bowes Lyon to Beryl Poignand, 4 February 1923, Glamis Archives (CH) 51 Lady Elizabeth Bowes Lyon, diary, 6 February 1923, RA QEQM/PRIV/DIARY/3 52 RA QM/PRIV/QMD/1923: 8 February 53 Laird, p. 72 54 Lady Elizabeth Bowes Lyon, diary, 8 February 1923, RA QEQM/PRIV/DIARY/3 55 Lady Elizabeth Bowes Lyon, diary, 9 February 1923, RA QEQM/PRIV/DIARY/3 56 Duke of York to Lady Elizabeth Bowes Lyon, 11 February 1923, RA QEQM/PRIV/RF 57 Lady Elizabeth Bowes Lyon, diary, 12 February-2 March, RA QEQM/PRIV/DIARY/3 58 Lady Elizabeth Bowes Lyon, diary, 5 March 1923, RA QEQM/PRIV/DIARY/3 59 Lady Elizabeth Bowes Lyon to Duke of York, n.d. [13 March 1923], RA/GVI/PRIV/RF/26 60 Duke of York to Lady Elizabeth Bowes Lyon, 14 March 1923, RA QEQM/PRIV/RF 61 Duke of York to Lady Elizabeth Bowes Lyon, 13 March 1923, RA QEQM/PRIV/RF 62 Lady Elizabeth Bowes Lyon to Duke of York, n.d. [13 March 1923], RA GVI/PRIV/RF/26/54 63 Jock Smith to Louis Greig, 19 March 1923, RA ADYH/MAIN/8 64 Lady Elizabeth Bowes Lyon, diary, 21 March 1923, RA QEQM/PRIV/DIARY/3 65 Lady Elizabeth Bowes Lyon, diary, 23 March 1923, RA QEQM/PRIV/DIARY/3 66 Lady Elizabeth Bowes Lyon, diary, 24 March 1923, RA QEQM/PRIV/DIARY/3 67 Lady Elizabeth Bowes Lyon, diary, 28 March 1923, RA QEQM/PRIV/DIARY/3 68 Lady Elizabeth Bowes Lyon to Duke of York, [2 April 1923], RA GVI/PRIV/RF/26/59 69 Archibald Clark Kerr to Lady Elizabeth Bowes Lyon, 31 March 1923, RA QEQM/PRIV/PAL 70 Gordon George to Lady Elizabeth Bowes Lyon, 17 April 1923, RA QEQM/PRIV/PAL 71 Duke of York to Lady Elizabeth Bowes Lyon, 29 March 1923, RA QEQM/PRIV/RF 72 Lady Elizabeth Bowes Lyon to Duke of York, n.d. [29 March 1923], RA GVI/PRIV/RF/26/57 73 Lady Elizabeth Bowes Lyon to Duke of York, n.d. [31 March 1923], RA GVI/PRIV/RF/26/58 74 Duke of York to Lady Elizabeth Bowes Lyon, 1 April 1923, RA QEQM/PRIV/RF 75 Lady Elizabeth Bowes Lyon, diary, 4 April 1923, RA QEQM/PRIV/DIARY/3 76 Laird, p. 53 77 Lady Elizabeth Bowes Lyon, diary, 57 April 1923, RA QEQM/PRIV/DIARY/3 78 Lady Elizabeth Bowes Lyon, diary, 10, 11 April 1923, RA QEQM/PRIV/DIARY/3 79 Graphic, 21 April 1923, and Wedding Number 80 Lady Elizabeth Bowes Lyon to D'Arcy Osborne, 12 April 1923, RA QEQM/OUT/OSBORNE 81 Lady Elizabeth Bowes Lyon to D'Arcy Osborne, n.d. [28 June 1923], RA QEQM/OUT/OSBORNE 82 Laird, p. 57 83 Correspondence between Lord Stamfordham and H. R. Boyd, April-May 1923, RA PS/PSO/GV/C/O/1852/12 84 Gunter & Co. Ltd to Sir Derek Keppel, 13 February 1923, RA MRH/GV/FUNC/039/2A/01 85 Lord Cromer to Sir Frederick Ponsonby, 9 April 1923, RA LC/LCO/SPECIAL/1923/GVI WEDDING/20 86 Lady Strathmore to Sir Douglas Dawson, n.d. [21 April 1923], RA LC/LCO/SPECIAL/1923/GVI WEDDING/20 87 Lady Strathmore to Sir Douglas Dawson, 17 April 1923, RA LC/LCO/SPECIAL/1923/GVI WEDDING/20 88 Lady Elizabeth Bowes Lyon, diary, 1320 April 1923, RA QEQM/PRIV/DIARY/3 89 Laird, p. 51; Morning Post, 19 April 1923; RA ADYH/MAIN/8/1923 90 Daily Telegraph, 26 April 1923 91 Laird, p. 49; Morning Post, 24 April 1923 92 Laird, p. 50; The Times, 24 April 1923 93 Lady Elizabeth Bowes Lyon, diary, 22 April 1923, RA QEQM/PRIV/DIARY/3 94 H. H. Asquith, Letters to a Friend, Geoffrey Bles, 1934, vol. 2, pp. 501 95 Frederick Dalrymple Hamilton, diary, 23 April 1923, private collection 96 RA QM/PRIV/DIARY/1923: 23 April 97 Lady Elizabeth Bowes Lyon, diary, 23 April 1923, RA QEQM/PRIV/DIARY/3 98 Lady Elizabeth Bowes Lyon, diary, 24 April 1923, RA QEQM/PRIV/DIARY/3 99 Lady Elizabeth Bowes Lyon, diary, 25 April 1923, RA QEQM/PRIV/DIARY/3 100 Dundee Advertiser, 22 February 1923, quoted in Laird, p. 49 101 Lady Elizabeth Bowes Lyon, diary, 25 April 1923, RA QEQM/PRIV/DIARY/3 102 RA QM/PRIV/DIARY/1923: 26 April 103 Lord Stamfordham to Sir John Baird, 18 April 1923; Lord Stamfordham to Rear Admiral Hugh Watson, 23 April 1923, RA PS/PSO/GV/PS/MAIN/38428/34 104 Laird, p. 55 105 The Times, 27 April 1923; Yorks.h.i.+re Post, 27 April 1923; Laird, p. 58 106 Will Thorne to Lord Stamfordham, 23 April 1923, RA PS/PSO/GV/PS/MAIN/38428/8 107 Asquith, Letters to a Friend, vol. 2, pp. 523 108 Duff Cooper, Diaries 19151952, ed. John Julius Norwich, Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 2005, pp. 1745 109 Memorandum and list, n.d., in RA LC/BP/Marriage of the Duke of York/1, 2 110 RALC/LCO/SPECIAL/1923/GVI WEDDING/2.

111 Morning Post, 27 April 1923 112 Descriptions from Ill.u.s.trated London News, quoted by Laird, pp. 5960 113 Frederick Dalrymple Hamilton, diary, 26 April 1923, private collection 114 Ibid.

115 Laird, pp. 634 116 Lady Strathmore to Beryl Poignand, 10 May 1923, Glamis Archives (CH) 117 Laird, p. 65 118 RA F&V/WED/1923/GVI/MENU.

119 RA ADYH/MAIN/1/G; Daily Telegraph, 26 April 1923 120 Duff Cooper, p. 175 121 Laird, p. 67 122 Ibid.

123 d.u.c.h.ess of York to Lady Strathmore, 26 April 1923, Glamis Archives (CH) 124 d.u.c.h.ess of York, diary, 26 April 1923, RA QEQM/PRIV/DIARY/3

FIVE: d.u.c.h.eSS OF YORK 19231924

1 d.u.c.h.ess of York to Lady Strathmore, n.d. [27 April 1923], Glamis Archives 2 Ibid.

3 Lady Strathmore to d.u.c.h.ess of York, 27 April 1923, RA QEQM/PRIV/BL 4 Duke of York to Lady Strathmore, 28 April 1923, Glamis Archives 5 Lady Strathmore to Duke of York, 1 May 1923, RA GVI/PRIV/PAL/S/33 6 Duke of York to King George V, 27 April 1923, RA GV/PRIV/AA61/155 7 Duke of York to Queen Mary, 27 April 1923, RA QM/PRIV/CC11/40 8 Queen Mary to Duke of York, 28 April 1923, RA GVI/PRIV/RF/11 9 King George V to Duke of York, 29 April 1923, quoted in Wheeler-Bennett, pp. 1545 10 Wheeler-Bennett, p. 155 11 d.u.c.h.ess of York, diary, 2729 April 1923, RA QEQM/PRIV/DIARY/3 12 d.u.c.h.ess of York, diary, 3 May 1923, RA QEQM/PRIV/DIARY/3 13 d.u.c.h.ess of York, diary, 7 May 1923, RA QEQM/PRIV/DIARY/3 14 d.u.c.h.ess of York, diary, 8 May 1923, RA QEQM/PRIV/DIARY/3 15 d.u.c.h.ess of York to Beryl Poignand, 22 May 1923, Glamis Archives (CH) 16 d.u.c.h.ess of York, diary, 16, 17 May 1923, RA QEQM/PRIV/DIARY/3 17 d.u.c.h.ess of York, diary, 1822 May 1923, RA QEQM/PRIV/DIARY/3 18 d.u.c.h.ess of York, diary, 2325 May 1923, RA QEQM/PRIV/DIARY/3 19 Dowager Lady Bradford to Queen Mary, 4 June 1923, RA QM/PRIV/CC47/750 20 Duke of York to Queen Mary, 25 May 1923, RA QM/PRIV/CC11/42 21 d.u.c.h.ess of York, diary, 5 July 1923, RA QEQM/PRIV/DIARY/3 22 d.u.c.h.ess of York to Lady Strathmore, n.d. [18 October 1923], Glamis Archives, Box 270 23 Queen Mary to Duke of York, 16 June 1923, RA GVI/PRIV/RF/11 24 d.u.c.h.ess of York to D'Arcy Osborne, n.d. [28 June 1923], RA QEQM/OUT/OSBORNE 25 Owen Chadwick, Britain and the Vatican during the Second World War, Cambridge University Press, 1986, p. 14 26 d.u.c.h.ess of York, diary, 4 July 1923, RA QEQM/PRIV/DIARY/3 27 Hardinge, p. 39 28 Helen Hardinge, diary, quoted in Vickers, p. 72 29 Laird, pp. 7980 30 Ibid.

31 Sir Frederick Ponsonby, Recollections of Three Reigns, 1952, quoted in Laird, p. 78 32 Wheeler-Bennett, p. 151; Laird, p. 78 33 Laird, p. 97 34 Wheeler-Bennett, p. 189; RA QM/PRIV/DIARY/1923: 28 June 35 Quoted in Charles Loch Mowat, Britain between the Wars, Methuen, 1966, p. 164 36 Laird, p. 76 37 d.u.c.h.ess of York to D'Arcy Osborne, 10 July 1923, RA QEQM/OUT/OSBORNE 38 Scotsman, 14 July 1923 39 d.u.c.h.ess of York, diary, 19 July 1923, RA QEQM/PRIV/DIARY/3 40 RA ADYH/MAIN/8.

41 Frank C. Wilson, Lord Mayor of Liverpool, to Louis Greig, 28 July 1923, RA ADYH/MAIN/8/1923/25 July 42 Ernest Pearce to d.u.c.h.ess of York, 1 July 1923, RA QEQM/PRIV/PAL 43 d.u.c.h.ess of York, diary, 30 July-3 August 1923, RA QEQM/PRIV/DIARY/3 44 Daily Telegraph, 2 August 1923 45 d.u.c.h.ess of York, diary, 4 August 1923, RA QEQM/PRIV/DIARY/3 46 Prince of Wales to King George V, 21 August 1923, RA EDW/MAINA/2481 47 d.u.c.h.ess of York to Lady Strathmore, 10 September 1923, Glamis Archives (CH) 48 Duke of Kent to d.u.c.h.ess of York, n.d. [19 September 1923], RA QEQM/PRIV/RF 49 King George V to Duke of York, 20 September 1923, RA GV/PRIV/AA61/179; Queen Mary to Duke of York, 18 September 1923, RA GVI/PRIV/RF/11 50 Duke of York to Louis Greig, 24 September 1923, RA ADYH/MAIN/101/1923; Wheeler-Bennett, p. 192 51 d.u.c.h.ess of York to Duke of York, n.d. [27 September 1923], RA GVI/PRIV/RF/26/60 52 d.u.c.h.ess of York to Duke of York, n.d. [27 September 1923], RA GVI/PRIV/RF/26/61 53 d.u.c.h.ess of York, diary, 11 October 1923, RA QEQM/PRIV/DIARY/3 54 RA ADYH/MAIN/101/1923.

55 Duke of York to d.u.c.h.ess of York, 27 September 1923, RA QEQM/PRIV/RF 56 d.u.c.h.ess of York to D'Arcy Osborne, 17 October 1923, RA QEQM/OUT/OSBORNE 57 d.u.c.h.ess of York to Lady Strathmore, n.d. [18 October 1923], Glamis Archives, Box 270 58 Wheeler-Bennett, p. 196 59 d.u.c.h.ess of York to D'Arcy Osborne, 17 October 1923, RA QEQM/OUT/OSBORNE 60 d.u.c.h.ess of York to D'Arcy Osborne, 17 October 1923, RA QEQM/OUT/OSBORNE 61 d.u.c.h.ess of York, diary, 20 October 1923, RA QEQM/PRIV/DIARY/3 62 d.u.c.h.ess of York to Lady Strathmore, 21, 26 October [1923], Glamis Archives; d.u.c.h.ess of York, diary, 20 October 1923, RA QEQM/PRIV/DIARY/3 63 Duke of York to King George V, 26 October 1923, RA GV/PRIV/AA61/189; d.u.c.h.ess of York to Lady Strathmore, 21 October [1923], Glamis Archives, Box 270 64 d.u.c.h.ess of York, diary, 21 October 1923, RA QEQM/PRIV/DIARY/3 65 Wheeler-Bennett, p. 193 66 d.u.c.h.ess of York to Lady Strathmore, 26 October [1923], Glamis Archives 67 Ibid.

68 d.u.c.h.ess of York, diary, 22 October 1923, RA QEQM/PRIV/DIARY/3; d.u.c.h.ess of York to Lady Strathmore, n.d. [26 October 1923], Glamis Archives 69 d.u.c.h.ess of York to Lady Strathmore, 26 October [1923], Glamis Archives 70 Duke of York to King George V, 26 October 1923, RA GV/PRIV/AA61/189 71 Graves and Hodge, p. 75 72 Ibid.

73 Nicolson, George V, p. 382 74 Ibid., p. 497 75 Ibid., p. 496 76 d.u.c.h.ess of York to Violet Cavendish-Bentinck, 21 December 1923, Glamis Archives (CH) 77 d.u.c.h.ess of York, diary, 22 December 1923, RA QEQM/PRIV/DIARY/3 78 d.u.c.h.ess of York, diary, 25 December 1923, RA QEQM/PRIV/DIARY/3 79 d.u.c.h.ess of York, diary, 13 January 1924, RA QEQM/PRIV/DIARY/4 80 d.u.c.h.ess of York, diary, 8 January 1924, RA QEQM/PRIV/DIARY/4 81 Graves and Hodge, pp. 11819 82 d.u.c.h.ess of York to King George V, 14 January [1924], RA GV/PRIV/AA61/343 83 King George V to Duke of York, 8 January 1924, RA GV/PRIV/AA61/196, quoted in Wheeler-Bennett, p. 196 84 RA GV/PRIV/GVD/1924: 22 January 85 King George V to Queen Alexandra, 17 February 1924, RA GV/PRIV/AA38/65 86 Quoted by Nicolson, George V, pp. 499500 87 d.u.c.h.ess of York, diary, 21 January 1923, RA QEQM/PRIV/DIARY/4 88 d.u.c.h.ess of York, diary, 2627 February 1924, RA QEQM/PRIV/DIARY/4 89 Duke of York to Queen Mary, 9 October 1923, RA QM/PRIV/CC11/49 90 Duke of York to King George V, 16 October 1923, RA GV/PRIV/AA61/188 91 Louis Greig to d.u.c.h.ess of York, 15 November [1923], RA QEQM/PRIV/HH 92 Geordie Greig, Louis and the Prince, Hodder & Stoughton, 1999, p. 214 93 Ibid., pp. 20915 94 d.u.c.h.ess of York, diary, 7 March 1924, RA QEQM/PRIV/DIARY/4 95 d.u.c.h.ess of York to D'Arcy Osborne, n.d. [17 March 1924], RA QEQM/OUT/OSBORNE 96 Niall Ferguson, Empire, Allen Lane, 2003, p. 318 97 d.u.c.h.ess of York, diary, 23 April 1924, RA QEQM/PRIV/DIARY/4 98 Wheeler-Bennett, pp. 2067 99 King George V, speech, 23 April 1924, 'Speeches and Replies to Addresses by His Majesty King George V', printed for the Private Secretary's Office, RA 100 Laird, p. 85 101 d.u.c.h.ess of York, diary, 23 April 1924, RA QEQM/PRIV/DIARY/4 102 d.u.c.h.ess of York, diary, 7, 11 May, 4 June 1924, RA QEQM/PRIV/DIARY/4 103 Laird, p. 90 104 Dorothy Willis to Louis Greig, 13 July 1923: RA ADYH/MAIN/9/1923: 30 November 105 J. Mach.e.l.l to Basil Brooke, RA/ADYH/MAIN/12/1924: 16 July 106 d.u.c.h.ess of York, diary, 26 April 1924, RA QEQM/PRIV/DIARY/4 107 Queen Elizabeth to Queen Elizabeth II, 2 May 1988, RA QEII/PRIV/RF 108 d.u.c.h.ess of York, diary, 27 May 1924, RA QEQM/PRIV/DIARY/4 109 Wheeler-Bennett, p. 197 110 Duke of Abercorn to Duke of York, 22 March 1924, RA ADYH/MAIN/102; Duke of York to King George V, 24 March 1924, RA GV/PRIV/AA61/201 111 d.u.c.h.ess of York, diary, 19 July 1924, RA QEQM/PRIV/DIARY/4 112 Helen Hardinge, diary, 19 July 1924, quoted in Vickers, p. 84 113 d.u.c.h.ess of York, diary, 21 July 1924, RA QEQM/PRIV/DIARY/4 114 Helen Hardinge, diary, 21 July 1924, quoted in Vickers, p. 86 115 d.u.c.h.ess of York, diary, 22 July 1924, RA QEQM/PRIV/DIARY/4 116 d.u.c.h.ess of York, diary, 2223 July 1924, RA QEQM/PRIV/DIARY/4 117 d.u.c.h.ess of York, diary, 2425 July 1924, RA QEQM/PRIV/DIARY/4 118 d.u.c.h.ess of York, diary, 26 July 1924, RA QEQM/PRIV/DIARY/4 119 Duke of York to King George V, 22 July 1924, RA GV/PRIV/AA61/213 120 Rose, George V, p. 286 121 Nicolson, George V, p. 658n.

122 Ibid., p. 658; Rose, George V, pp. 912; Bradford, George VI, pp. 1212 123 Bradford, George VI, p. 122 124 d.u.c.h.ess of York to Lady Strathmore, Sunday n.d., [14 September 1924], Glamis Archives 125 Duke of York to d.u.c.h.ess of York, 29 September 1924, RA QEQM/PRIV/RF 126 d.u.c.h.ess of York to Duke of York, Wednesday [1 October 1924], RA GVI/PRIV/RF/26/63 127 Duke of York to d.u.c.h.ess of York, 2 October 1924, RA QEQM/PRIV/RF 128 Duke of York to Queen Mary, 9 October 1924, RA QM/PRIV/CC11/64 129 d.u.c.h.ess of York, diary, 30 October 1924, RA QEQM/PRIV/DIARY/4 130 d.u.c.h.ess of York to Lady Strathmore, Sat.u.r.day [1 November 1924], Glamis Archives (CH)

SIX: ON SAFARI 19241925

1 d.u.c.h.ess of York, diary, RA QEQM/PRIV/DIARY/4 2 Queen Elizabeth, conversations with Eric Anderson, 19945, RA QEQM/ADD/MISC 3 Winston Churchill to d.u.c.h.ess of York, undated, postmark 10 July 1924, RA QEQM/PRIV/PAL 4 d.u.c.h.ess of York, diary, 14 July 1924, RA QEQM/PRIV/DIARY/4 5 Duke of York to Queen Mary, 30 November 1924, RA QM/PRIV/CC11/67 6 d.u.c.h.ess of York to D'Arcy Osborne, 4 December 1924, RA QEQM/OUT/OSBORNE 7 Author's interview with Margaret Rhodes, 2004 8 Simon Schama, A History of Britain, vol. 3, pp. 4489 9 Ibid., p. 463 10 Ferguson, Empire, p. 317 11 H. A. Macmichaelto Basil Brooke, 30 July 1924, RAADYH/MAIN/103/14 12 King George V to Duke of York, 28 November 1924, RA GV/PRIV/AA61/228 13 Queen Mary to Duke of York, 2 December 1924, GVI/PRIV/RF/11 14 d.u.c.h.ess of York to Lady Strathmore, n.d. [30 November 1924], Glamis Archives 15 d.u.c.h.ess of York to Lady Strathmore, n.d. [1 November 1924], Glamis Archives 16 d.u.c.h.ess of York to D'Arcy Osborne, 4 December 1924, RA QEQM/OUT/OSBORNE 17 d.u.c.h.ess of York, diary, 4 December 1924, RA QEQM/PRIV/DIARY/4 18 d.u.c.h.ess of York, diary, 5 December 1924, RA QEQM/PRIV/DIARY/4 19 d.u.c.h.ess of York, diary, 11 December 1924, RA QEQM/PRIV/DIARY/4 20 d.u.c.h.ess of York to Lady Strathmore, 20 December 1924, Glamis Archives 21 d.u.c.h.ess of York, diary, 18, 20 December 1924, RA QEQM/PRIV/DIARY/4; d.u.c.h.ess of York to Lady Strathmore, 20 December 1924, Glamis Archives; RA QEQM/PRIV/PERSONAL 22 Duke of York, diary, 22 December 1924, RA GVI/PRIV/DIARY/4 23 d.u.c.h.ess of York to King George V, 9 February 1925, RA GV/PRIV/AA61/345 24 Duke of York to King George V, 24 December 1924, RA GV/PRIV/AA61/232, quoted in Wheeler-Bennett, p. 200 25 d.u.c.h.ess of York to Lady Strathmore, 29 December 1924, Glamis Archives. She was so delighted with the flowers that she asked Mrs Lamb, the wife of the District Commissioner, to send a consignment of orchids and canna lilies to White Lodge on their return (RA ADYH/MAIN/104/23) 26 d.u.c.h.ess of York to Prince of Wales, 13 January 1925, RA EDW/PRIV/MAINB/76 27 d.u.c.h.ess of York to Lady Strathmore, 29 December 1924, Glamis Archives 28 d.u.c.h.ess of York to the Hon. David Bowes Lyon, 6 January 1925, Glamis Archives 29 d.u.c.h.ess of York, diary, 21 January 1925, RA QEQM/PRIV/DIARY/5 30 d.u.c.h.ess of York to D'Arcy Osborne, 31 January 1925, RA QEQM/OUT/OSBORNE 31 d.u.c.h.ess of York, diary, 23 January 1925, RA QEQM/PRIV/DIARY/5 32 d.u.c.h.ess of York, diary, 24 January 1925, RA QEQM/PRIV/DIARY/5 33 d.u.c.h.ess of York to King George V, 9 February 1925, RA GV/PRIV/AA61/345 34 Duke of York, diary, 29 January 1925, RA GVI/PRIV/DIARY/4 35 d.u.c.h.ess of York, diary, 4, 5 February 1925, RA QEQM/PRIV/DIARY/5 36 d.u.c.h.ess of York to Lady Strathmore, 16 January 1925, Glamis Archives 37 d.u.c.h.ess of York to Prince of Wales, 13 January 1925, RA EDW/MAINB/76 38 Ibid.

39 Prince of Wales to d.u.c.h.ess of York, 27 February 1925, RA QEQM/PRIV/RF 40 Duke of York to King George V, 31 January 1925, RA GV/PRIV/AA61/239 41 Duke of York to Queen Mary, 31 January 1925, RA QM/PRIV/CC11/71 42 d.u.c.h.ess of York to King George V, 9 February 1925, RA GV/PRIV/AA61/345 43 Duke of York, diary, 14 February 1925, RA GVI/PRIV/DIARY/4 44 Duke of York, diary, 15, 16 February 1925, RA GVI/PRIV/DIARY/4; d.u.c.h.ess of York, diary 15, 16 February 1925, RA QEQM/PRIV/DIARY/5 45 d.u.c.h.ess of York to Lady Strathmore, 14 February 1925, Glamis Archives 46 Sir Geoffrey Archer to Captain Basil Brooke, 13 October 1924, RA ADYH/MAIN/103/10 47 Captain Roy Salmon to his mother, 19 February 1925, private collection 48 Ibid.

49 Duke of York, diary, 20 February 1925, RA GVI/PRIV/DIARY/4 50 d.u.c.h.ess of York to Lady Strathmore, 27 February 1925, Glamis Archives 51 d.u.c.h.ess of York, diary, 22 February 1925, RA QEQM/PRIV/DIARY/5 52 d.u.c.h.ess of York, diary, 24 February 1925, RA QEQM/PRIV/DIARY/5 53 d.u.c.h.ess of York to Lady Strathmore, 27 February 1925, Glamis Archives 54 Captain Roy Salmon to his mother, 25 March 1925, private collection 55 d.u.c.h.ess of York, diary, 25 February 1925, RA QEQM/PRIV/DIARY/5 56 Duke of York, diary, 25 February 1925, RA GVI/PRIV/DIARY/4. According to the d.u.c.h.ess's diary, there were 'about 60 huge crocodiles!'

57 Address from Mukama of Bunyoro, 26 February 1925, RA ADYH/MAIN/103/3 58 Captain Roy Salmon to his mother, 25 March 1925, private collection 59 d.u.c.h.ess of York, diary, 27, 28 February 1925, RA QEQM/PRIV/DIARY/5 60 Captain Roy Salmon to his mother, 25 March 1925, private collection 61 d.u.c.h.ess of York to Lady Rose Leveson-Gower, n.d. [March 1925], Glamis Archives 62 Captain Roy Salmon to his mother, 25 March 1925, private collection 63 Duke of York, diary, 2 March 1925, RA GVI/PRIV/DIARY/4 64 Captain Roy Salmon to his mother, 25 March 1925, private collection 65 Duke of York, diary, 3 March 1925, RA GVI/PRIV/DIARY/4 66 Captain Roy Salmon to his mother, 25 March 1925, private collection 67 d.u.c.h.ess of York, diary, 4 March 1925, RA QEQM/PRIV/DIARY/5 68 Captain Roy Salmon to his mother, 25 March 1925, private collection. Although the Yorks did not return, Salmon did indeed meet the Prince of Wales, accompanying him on safari in Uganda in 1928 and 1930 and writing equally lively accounts to his mother 69 Ibid.

70 Geoffrey Archer, Personal and Historical Memoirs of an East African Administrator, Oliver & Boyd, Edinburgh and London, 1963, p. 192; Vickers, p. 95 71 Telegrams from Colonial Office to Basil Brooke, 16 December 1924, 29 January 1925, RA ADYH/MAIN/103/4 72 d.u.c.h.ess of York to Lady Rose Leveson-Gower, n.d. [March 1925], Glamis Archives 73 Duke of York, diary, 21 March 1925, RA GVI/PRIV/DIARY/4 74 Duke of York to d.u.c.h.ess of York 7 March 1925, QEQM/PRIV/RF 75 Duke of York to Prince of Wales, 6 March 1925, RA EDW/MAINA/2506 76 d.u.c.h.ess of York to May Elphinstone, 6 March 1925, RA QEQM/OUT/ELPHINSTONE 77 Ibid.; d.u.c.h.ess of York to Lady Strathmore, 30 March 1925, Glamis Archives, Box 270/II 78 Duke of York, diary, 14 March 1925, RA GVI/PRIV/DIARY/4 79 Duke of York, diary, 15 March 1925, RA GVI/PRIV/DIARY/4 80 d.u.c.h.ess of York to Lady Strathmore, 30 March 1925, Glamis Archives, Box 270/II 81 Duke of York, diary, 17 March 1925, RA GVI/PRIV/DIARY/4 82 d.u.c.h.ess of York, diary, 20 March 1925, RA QEQM/PRIV/DIARY/5 83 d.u.c.h.ess of York to Major R. H. Walsh, 24 October 1925, RA QEQM/OUT/WALSH 84 Account of Nuba gathering by D. A. D. L., 25 March 1925, RA ADYH/MAIN/103/4 85 Duke of York to Lady Strathmore, 21 March 1925, Glamis Archives 86 d.u.c.h.ess of York, diary, 31 March 1925, RA QEQM/PRIV/DIARY/5; d.u.c.h.ess of York to Lady Strathmore, 30 March-1 April 1925, Glamis Archives, Box 270/II 87 d.u.c.h.ess of York, diary, 2, 4 April 1925, RA QEQM/PRIV/DIARY/5; Duke of York, diary, 2 April 1925, RA GVI/PRIV/DIARY/4 88 d.u.c.h.ess of York, diary, 6 April 1925, RA QEQM/PRIV/DIARY/5 89 Ibid.

90 Archibald Clark Kerr to d.u.c.h.ess of York, 10 March 1925, RA QEQM/PRIV/PAL 91 d.u.c.h.ess of York to Queen Mary, 8 April 1925, RA QM/PRIV/CC11/74 92 Duke of York, diary, 7 April 1925, RA GVI/PRIV/DIARY/4; d.u.c.h.ess of York, diary, 7 April 1925, RA QEQM/PRIV/DIARY/5 93 d.u.c.h.ess of York, diary, 10, 11 April 1925, RA QEQM/PRIV/DIARY/5 94 d.u.c.h.ess of York to Major R. H. Walsh, 14 April 1925, RA QEQM/OUT/WALSH 95 d.u.c.h.ess of York to May Elphinstone, 15 April 1925, RA QEQM/OUT/ELPHINSTONE 96 d.u.c.h.ess of York to D'Arcy Osborne, 4 May 1925, RA QEQM/OUT/OSBORNE 97 Queen Elizabeth, conversations with Eric Anderson, 19945, RA QEQM/ADD/MISC

SEVEN: BIRTH OF A PRINCESS 19251927

1 d.u.c.h.ess of York, diary, 28 April 1925, RA QEQM/PRIV/DIARY/5 2 Extract from the Introduction to Lord Radcliffe, Not in Feather Beds: Some Collected Papers, Hamish Hamilton, 1968, pp. xvi-xvii 3 Graves and Hodge, p. 172 4 See Osbert Lancaster, Progress at Pelvis Bay, 1936, and Pillar to Post: The Pocket Lamp of Architecture, 1938, quoted in Graves and Hodge, pp. 1734 5 Graves and Hodge, p. 185 6 d.u.c.h.ess of York, diary, 28 April 1925, RA QEQM/PRIV/DIARY/5 7 Duke of York to Prince of Wales, 27 May 1925, RA EDW/MAINA/2516 8 Wheeler-Bennett, p. 206 9 Ibid., p. 208 10 Duke of York to Prince of Wales, 27 May 1925, RA EDW/PRIV/MAINA/2516 11 d.u.c.h.ess of York, diary, 9 May 1925, RA QEQM/PRIV/DIARY/5 12 Duke of York to Prince of Wales, 27 May 1925, RA EDW/PRIV/MAINA/2516 13 Wheeler-Bennett, p. 208 14 See for instance Queen Mary to Duke of York, 30 May 1925, RA GVI/PRIV/RF/11 15 Harry Lench to Basil Brooke, 8 June 1925, RA ADYH/MAIN/14/1925: 4 June 16 James Gough to Basil Brooke, 8 June 1925, RA ADYH/MAIN/14/1925: 4 June 17 F. S. Dutton to Basil Brooke, 16 July 1925, RA QEQMH/PS/ENGT/1925/1A 18 d.u.c.h.ess of York, diary, 15 July 1925, RA QEQM/PRIV/DIARY/5; speeches by d.u.c.h.ess of York and Lady Astor in the Woman Engineer, Vol. II, No. 4, September 1925, RA QEQMH/PS/GEN/1934/E; Caroline Haslett to Basil Brooke, 20 July 1925, RA QEQMH/PS/ENGT/1925/1A 19 Daily Telegraph, 27 April 1926 20 Duke of York to Prince of Wales, 9 August 1925, RA EDW/MAINA/2528 21 d.u.c.h.ess of York's, diary, 17 July 1925, RA QEQM/PRIV/DIARY/5 22 d.u.c.h.ess of York's diary, 16 July 1925, RA QEQM/PRIV/DIARY/5; d.u.c.h.ess of York to Major R. H. Walsh, n.d. [summer 1925] and 21 June 1926, RA QEQM/OUT/WALSH 23 d.u.c.h.ess of York to Duke of York, 10 September 1925, RA GVI/PRIV/RF/26/65 24 Duke of York to d.u.c.h.ess of York, 11 September 1925, RA QEQM/PRIV/RF 25 Duke of York to Prince of Wales, 9 August 1925, RA EDW/MAINA/2528 26 RA QM/PRIV/QMD/1925: 16 October 27 Wheeler-Bennett, p. 208 28 Nicolson, George V, pp. 52930 29 d.u.c.h.ess of York to King George V, 24 November 1925, RA GV/PRIV/AA56/105 30 Duke of York to Prince of Wales, 9 August 1925, RA EDW/MAINA/2528 31 d.u.c.h.ess of York to Duke of York, 10 September 1925, RA GVI/PRIV/RF/26/65 32 Duke of York to Lady Strathmore, 18 October 1925, Glamis Archives 33 Queen Mary to Duke of York, 20 October 1925, RA GVI/PRIV/RF/11 34 Duke of York to Queen Mary, 27 October 1925, RA QM/PRIV/CC11/81 35 d.u.c.h.ess of York to Queen Mary, 28 October 1925, RA QM/PRIV/CC11/82 36 Queen Mary to Duke of York, 29 October 1925, RA GVI/PRIV/RF/11 37 RA ADYH/MAIN/16/1925: 22 and 23 October 38 RA ADYH/MAIN/16/1925: 17 November 39 Colin Buist, reply to invitation from the Royal Overseas League, 7 July 1925, RA ADYH/MAIN/16/1925: 18 November 40 Duke of York to d.u.c.h.ess of York, 8 December 1925, RA QEQM/PRIV/RF 41 Duke of York to d.u.c.h.ess of York, 24 December 1925, RA QEQM/PRIV/RF 42 d.u.c.h.ess of York to May Elphinstone, 29 December 1925, RA QEQM/OUT/ELPHINSTONE 43 d.u.c.h.ess of York to D'Arcy Osborne, n.d. [postmark 11 January 1926], RA QEQM/OUT/OSBORNE 44 Duke of York to Queen Mary, 16 January 1926, RA QM/PRIV/CC11/85 45 Duke of York to d.u.c.h.ess of York, 11 January 1926, RA QEQM/PRIV/RF 46 Jane Walker-Okeover to Mrs S. Hudson, 23 February 2001, RA QEQMH/PS/GEN/2001/Hudson; d.u.c.h.ess of York to Mrs Annie Beevers, 8 January [1926], private collection 47 King George V to Duke of York, 26 January 1926, RA GV/PRIV/AA61/297; Duke of York to King George V, 31 January 1926, RA GV/PRIV/AA61/298; Queen Mary to Duke of York, 20 March 1926, RA GVI/PRIV/RF/11; d.u.c.h.ess of York to Nannie Beevers, 28 March [1926], private collection 48 King George V to Duke of York, 17 April 1926, RA GV/PRIV/AA61/307; Queen Mary to Duke of York, 17 April 1926, RA GVI/PRIV/RF/11 49 Queen Mary to Duke of York, 17 April 1926, RA GVI/PRIV/RF/11 50 Duke of York to King George V, 27 April 1926, RA GV/PRIV/AA61/310 51 RA QM/PRIV/QMD/1926: 21 April 52 Ibid.

53 Queen Mary to Duke of York, 23 April 1926, RA GVI/PRIV/RF/11 54 Duke of York to Queen Mary, 22 April 1926, RA QM/PRIV/CC11/87 55 Duke of York to Beryl Poignand, 23 April 1926, Glamis Archives (CH) 56 Lady Strathmore to Beryl Poignand, 24 April 1926, Glamis Archives (CH) 57 Duke of York to King George V, 27 April 1926, RA GV/PRIV/AA61/310 58 King George V to Duke of York, 28 April 1926, RA GV/PRIV/AA61/311 59 Taylor, English History, p. 239 60 Ibid., p. 240 61 RA GV/PRIV/GVD/1925: 29 July 62 Duff Cooper, p. 214 63 Ibid.

64 Rose, George V, p. 341 65 Taylor, English History, p. 245 66 Rose, George V, p. 340 67 Nicolson, George V, p. 540 68 Rose, George V, p. 342 69 Ibid., p. 343 70 Ibid., p. 341 71 Graves and Hodge, p. 165 72 Rose, George V, p. 343 73 Graves and Hodge, p. 167 74 Nicolson, George V, p. 543 75 Taylor, English History, p. 250 76 Daily Mirror, 26 May 1925 77 d.u.c.h.ess of York to Queen Mary, 15 September 1926, RA QM/PRIV/CC11/90 78 d.u.c.h.ess of York to Lady Strathmore, 9 August 1926, Glamis Archives (CH) 79 Prince of Wales to Lady Strathmore, n.d. [October 1926], Glamis Archives (CH) 80 Prince of Wales to d.u.c.h.ess of York, n.d. [October 1926], RA QEQM/PRIV/RF 81 RA ADYH/MAIN/19/1926: 26 August and 18 September 82 Mina Davidson to Lady Strathmore, 4 July 1926, RA ADYH/MAIN/20/1926 83 Wheeler-Bennett, p. 211 84 Graves and Hodge, p. 129 85 L. S. Amery to Lord Stamfordham, 10 March 1926, RA PS/PSO/GV/PS/MAIN/44029 86 Lord Stamfordham to L. S. Amery, 13 March 1926, RA PS/PSO/GV/PS/MAIN/44029 87 Lord Stonehaven to Lord Stamfordham, 6 April 1926, RA PS/PSO/GV/C/P/284/190 88 Wheeler-Bennett, pp. 21214 89 Ibid., p. 212 90 Ibid., p. 213 91 Ibid.

92 Bradford, George VI, p. 161, quoting News Chronicle, 13 April 1953 93 Wheeler-Bennett, p. 214 94 Queen Mary to Duke of York, 2 and 15 July 1926, RA GVI/PRIV/RF/11 95 d.u.c.h.ess of York to Queen Mary, 15 September 1926, RA QM/PRIV/CC11/90; Queen Mary to Duke of York, 6 October 1926, RA GVI/PRIV/RF/11 96 d.u.c.h.ess of York to Lady Strathmore, 19 November 1926, Glamis Archives 97 d.u.c.h.ess of York to Nannie Beevers, 5 October 1926, private collection 98 d.u.c.h.ess of York to Major R. H. Walsh, 20 October 1926, RA QEQM/OUT/WALSH 99 d.u.c.h.ess of York to Nannie Beevers, 24 December 1926, private collection 100 d.u.c.h.ess of York to Queen Mary, 30 December 1926, RA QM/PRIV/CC11/93 101 d.u.c.h.ess of York, diary, 13 January 1927, RA QEQM/PRIV/DIARY/6 102 d.u.c.h.ess of York to Queen Mary, 30 December 1926, RA QM/PRIV/CC11/93 103 d.u.c.h.ess of York, diary, 3 January 1927, RA QEQM/PRIV/DIARY/6 104 Anne Ring (nom de plume of Beryl Poignand), The Story of Princess Elizabeth, John Murray, 1930, p. 24 105 d.u.c.h.ess of York, diary, 4 January 1927, RA QEQM/PRIV/DIARY/6 106 d.u.c.h.ess of York, diary, 5 January 1927, RA QEQM/PRIV/DIARY/6 107 d.u.c.h.ess of York, diary, 6 January 1927, RA QEQM/PRIV/DIARY/6 108 d.u.c.h.ess of York to Queen Mary, 9January 1927, RA QM/PRIV/CC11/95 109 Duke of York to Queen Mary, 10 January 1927, RA QM/PRIV/CC11/96 110 d.u.c.h.ess of York, diary, 6 January 1927, RA QEQM/PRIV/DIARY/6 111 Queen Mary to d.u.c.h.ess of York, 18 February 1927, RA QEQM/PRIV/RF 112 Henry Batterbee, political secretary to the Duke of York, to Lord Stonehaven, Governor General of Australia, 7 January 1927, RA ADYH/MAIN/100/Personal correspondence

EIGHT: AN AUSTRALASIAN a.s.sIGNMENT 1927.

1 Duke of York to King George V, 10 January 1927; RA GV/PRIV/AA62/2 2 Basil Brooke to R. S. Meiklejohn, 22 November 1927, RA ADYH/MAIN/85/Government Grant 3 Charles Stanley, Secretary of British Industries Fair Birmingham to Duke and d.u.c.h.ess of York, 23 February 1927, RA ADYH/MAIN/86/Farewell & congratulatory messages 4 Rear-Admiral H. W. Parker to Basil Brooke, 26 August 1926, RA ADYH/MAIN/91 5 Basil Brooke to Admiral Parker, 15 November 1926, RA ADYH/MAIN/91 6 Alfred Stevens to Basil Brooke, 23 October 1926, RA ADYH/MAIN/85/Supplies; list of books loaned, RA ADYH/MAIN/91/HMS Renown 7 d.u.c.h.ess of York to D'Arcy Osborne, 24 November 1928, RA QEQM/OUT/OSBORNE 8 T. H. Parker to Basil Brooke, 23 December 1926, RA ADYH/MAIN/85/Supplies 9 H. E. Reynolds, Pathe Freres Cinema Ltd, to Basil Brooke, 4 January [1927], RA ADYH/MAIN/91/Papers re correspondence on board HMS Renown 10 Correspondence re supplies for HMS Renown, August-December 1926, RA ADYH/MAIN/85/Supplies 11 Ibid.

12 Ibid.

13 Patrick Hodgson to Queen Mary, 20 January 1927, RA QM/PRIV/CC11/98 14 d.u.c.h.ess of York, diary, 7 January 1927, RA QEQM/PRIV/DIARY/6 15 d.u.c.h.ess of York to D'Arcy Osborne, 9 January 1927, RA QEQM/PRIV/OUT/OSBORNE 16 d.u.c.h.ess of York, diary, 5 February 1927, RA QEQM/PRIV/DIARY/6 17 Lord Cavan to King George V, 10 January 1927, RA PS/PSO/GV/PS/MAIN/44029 18 Lord Cavan to Clive Wigram, 13 January 1927, RA AEC/GG/6/2/2 19 Ibid.

20 Ibid.

21 Clive Wigram to Lord Cavan, 23 February 1927, Lord Cavan to Clive Wigram, 21 February 1927, RA AEC/GG/6/2/2 22 Lord Cavan to King George V, 21 January 1927, RA PS/PSO/GV/PS/MAIN/44029 23 Harry Batterbee to Lord Stamfordham, 24 January 1927, RA PS/PSO/GV/PS/MAIN/44029/Diary file 24 Daily Gleaner, 22 January 1927, enclosed with letter from Lord Cavan to Lord Stamfordham, 22 January 1927, RA PS/PSO/GV/PS/MAIN/44029 25 Duke of York to King George V, 26 January 1927, RA GV/PRIV/AA62/7 26 d.u.c.h.ess of York to Prince of Wales, 25 January 1927, RA EDW/PRIV/MAINB/81 27 Ibid.

28 Duke of York to King George V, 26 January 1927, RA GV/PRIV/AA62/7 29 King George V to Duke of York, 25 January 1927, RA GV/PRIV/AA62/6 30 Panama Star & Herald, 26 January 1927, RA ADYH/MAIN/86/Press cuttings/Panama 31 Ibid.

32 d.u.c.h.ess of York to Alah Knight, 27 January 1927, RA ADYH/MAIN/86/Private messages 33 Duke of York to Prince of Wales, 5 February 1927, RA EDW/PRIV/MAINB/82 34 d.u.c.h.ess of York to Queen Mary, 9 February 1927, RA QM/PRIV/CC11/101 35 Queen Mary to Duke of York, 31 and 25 January 1927, RA GVI/PRIV/RF/11 36 Queen Mary to Duke of York, 6 February 1927, RA GVI/PRIV/RF/11 37 Wheeler-Bennett, p. 220 38 d.u.c.h.ess of York to Queen Mary, 9 February 1927, RA QM/PRIV/CC11/101 39 Patrick Hodgson to Queen Mary, 14 February 1927, RA QM/PRIV/CC11/102 40 Lord Cavan to Lord Stamfordham, 15 February 1927, RA PS/PSO/GV/PS/MAIN/44029 41 Fiji Times, 18 February 1927, RA ADYH/MAIN/86/Press cuttings/Fiji 42 Richard Gardner Casey to Stanley Bruce, 28 July 1926, National Archives of Australia, Canberra, A1420 43 Wheeler-Bennett, p. 218 44 d.u.c.h.ess of York to Queen Mary, 8 March 1927, RA QM/PRIV/CC11/104 45 Lord Cavan to King George V, 24 February 1927, RA PS/PSO/GV/PS/MAIN/44029 46 Wheeler-Bennett, p. 218 47 Duke of York to Queen Mary, 22 February 1927, RA QM/PRIV/CC11/103 48 Sir Charles Fergusson to King George V, 25 February 1927, RA PS/PSO/GV/C/P/476/77; Wheeler-Bennett, pp. 21819 49 d.u.c.h.ess of York to Queen Mary, 8 March 1927, RA QM/PRIV/CC11/104 50 Wheeler-Bennett, p. 219 51 d.u.c.h.ess of York to Queen Mary, 8 March 1927, RA QM/PRIV/CC11/104 52 Ibid.

53 d.u.c.h.ess of York to May Elphinstone, 17 March 1927, RA QEQM/OUT/ELPHINSTONE 54 Ibid.

55 RA Press cuttings from Yorks' tour to New Zealand and Australia 56 d.u.c.h.ess of York to Duke of York, 15 March 1927, RA GVI/PRIV/RF/26/67 57 d.u.c.h.ess of York to Queen Mary, 8 March 1927, RA QM/PRIV/CC11/104 58 Official Tour Diary, RA F&V/VISOV/AUSNZ 1927 59 Duke of York, diary, RA GVI/PRIV/DIARY/5: 28 February, 2 March 1927 60 Lord Cavan to King George V, 8 March 1927, RA PS/PSO/GV/PS/MAIN/44029 61 Taylor Darbys.h.i.+re, The Royal Tour of the Duke and d.u.c.h.ess of York, Edward Arnold, 1927, p. 113 62 Patrick Hodgson to Queen Mary, 11 April 1927, RA QM/PRIV/CC11/108 63 Wheeler-Bennett, p. 220 64 Lord Cavan to Patrick Hodgson, 11 March 1927, RA/ADYH/MAIN/96 65 Darbys.h.i.+re, p. 115 66 Wheeler-Bennett, p. 220 67 Harry Batterbee to Lord Stamfordham, 28 March 1927, RA PS/PSO/GV/PS/MAIN/44029/Diary file 68 d.u.c.h.ess of York to Duke of York, 15 March 1927, RA GVI/PRIV/RF/26/67 69 Duke of York to d.u.c.h.ess of York, 18 March 1927, Ian Shapiro Collection 70 d.u.c.h.ess of York to May Elphinstone, 17 March 1927, RA QEQM/OUT/ELPHINSTONE 71 King George V to Duke of York, 12 March 1927, RA GV/PRIV/AA62/14 72 Wheeler-Bennett, p. 221 73 Ibid.

74 Ibid., p. 223 75 Lord Cavan to Lord Stamfordham, 30 March 1927, RA PS/PSO/GV/PS/MAIN/44029 76 Harry Batterbee to E. J. Harding, Dominions Office, 28 March 1927, RA ADYH/MAIN/100 77 Lord Cavan to Lord Stamfordham, 30 March 1927, RA PS/PSO/GV/PS/MAIN/44029 78 Ibid.

79 King George V to Duke of York, 31 March 1927, RA GV/PRIV/AA62/18 80 Queen Mary to Duke of York, 30 March and 6 April 1927, GVI/PRIV/RF/11 81 Dr George F. Still to d.u.c.h.ess of York, 7 February, 2 March 1927, RA QEQM/PRIV/PAL; 30 March 1927, RA QEQM/PRIV/CHILD 82 See Lady Strathmore's letter to Queen Mary of 12 May 1927, RA QM/PRIV/CC11/113, referring to this and the pleasure it gave in Australia 83 Vivian Eastland to d.u.c.h.ess of York, 25 April 1927, RA ADYH/MAIN/96/Victoria 1 84 Harry Batterbee to J. A. P. Edgc.u.mbe, 21 April 1927, RA ADYH/MAIN/100 85 d.u.c.h.ess of York to Queen Mary, 20 April 1927, RA QM/PRIV/CC11/109 86 d.u.c.h.ess of York to Lady Strathmore, 10 April 1927, Glamis Archives 87 Duke of York to King George V, 6 April 1927, RA GV/PRIV/AA62/20 88 Patrick Hodgson to Queen Mary, 11 April 1927, RA QM/PRIV/CC11/108 89 Ettie Harvey to d.u.c.h.ess of York, 9 April 1927; Nell Griffin-Oxley to d.u.c.h.ess of York, 21 April 1927, RA ADYH/MAIN/95/Brisbane 2 90 Sarah E. Muir to d.u.c.h.ess of York, 3 May 1927; schoolgirl to d.u.c.h.ess of York, [May] 1927, RA ADYH/MAIN/96 91 Duke of York to King George V, 21 April 1927, RA GV/PRIV/AA62/24 92 d.u.c.h.ess of York to Queen Mary, 20 April 1927, RA QM/PRIV/CC11/109 93 RA QM/PRIV/QMD/1927: 21 April; RA GV/PRIV/GVD/1927: 21 April 94 RA ADYH/MAIN/86/Private messages 95 Dr George F. Still to d.u.c.h.ess of York, 20 April, 9 May 1927, RA QEQM/PRIV/PAL 96 Duke of York to Minister of Defence, 21 April 1927, RA ADYH/MAIN/96/Melbourne 1 97 Lord Cavan to Lord Stamfordham, 26 April 1927, RA PS/PSO/GV/PS/MAIN/44029 98 Ibid.

99 Wheeler-Bennett, p. 206 100 Ibid., p. 227 101 Ibid., p. 228 102 Ibid., pp. 2289 103 d.u.c.h.ess of York to King George V, 12 June 1927, RA GV/PRIV/AA62/32 104 W. Carrington to d.u.c.h.ess of York, 19 May 1927, RA ADYH/MAIN/97/Perth 105 Wheeler-Bennett, p. 230 106 Lady Strathmore to Queen Mary, 12 May 1927, RA QM/PRIV/CC11/113 107 Harry Batterbee to Lord Stamfordham, 26 May 1927, RA PS/PSO/GV/PS/MAIN/44029 108 Duke of York to King George V, 12 May and 12 June 1927, RA GV/PRIV/AA62/30 109 Queen Mary to Duke of York, 20 May 1927, RA GVI/PRIV/RF/11 110 Wheeler-Bennett, p. 231 111 Harry Batterbee to Major Casey, 14 June 1927, RA ADYH/MAIN/100 112 Queen Elizabeth, conversations with Eric Anderson, 19945, RA QEQM/ADD/MISC 113 Lord Cavan to Lord Stamfordham, 12 June 1927, RA PS/PSO/GV/PS MAIN/44029 114 d.u.c.h.ess of York to King George V, 12 June 1927, RA GV/PRIV/AA62/32 115 King George V to Duke of York, 12 June 1927, RA GV/PRIV/AA62/31 116 Queen Mary to Lady Strathmore, 14 May 1927, Glamis Papers

NINE: THE LONG WEEKEND 19271936

1 Roberts, History of the World, pp. 9267 2 King George V to Duke of York, 30 June 1927, RA GV/PRIV/AA62/34 3 d.u.c.h.ess of York to Nannie Beevers, 18 July 1927, private collection 4 Bradford, George VI, p. 164 5 King George V to Queen Mary, 29 August 1927, RA QM/PRIV/CC4/277 6 Wheeler-Bennett, pp. 2323 7 J. A. Edgc.u.mbe to Basil Brooke, 24 June 1927, RA ADYH/MAIN/21/1927: 28 June; Duke of York, Engagement Diary, 11 July 1927, RA PS/PSO/GVI/C/352/1927 8 Prince of Wales to d.u.c.h.ess of York, [August 1927], RA QEQM/PRIV/RF 9 Prince George to d.u.c.h.ess of York, 17 August 1928, RA QEQM/PRIV/RF 10 Lady Cynthia Asquith to Ernest Pearce, 26 July 1927, RA QEQM/PRIV/TEXTS 11 Ernest Pearce to d.u.c.h.ess of York, 2 August 1927, QEQM/PRIV/PAL 12 d.u.c.h.ess of York to Beryl Poignand, 14 September 1927, Glamis Papers (CH) 13 RA ADYH/MAIN/21/1927: 2021 September 14 d.u.c.h.ess of York to Queen Mary, 22 September 1927, RA QM/PRIV/CC11/119 15 King George V to Duke of York, 23 September 1927, RA GV/PRIV/AA62/43 16 King George V to Duke of York, 30 June 1927, RA GV/PRIV/AA62/34 17 Sir Hamar Greenwood to Patrick Hodgson, 30 November 1927, RA ADYH/MAIN/22/1927: 30 November 18 Lady (Lena Ashwell) Simson to Patrick Hodgson, 15 December 1927, RA ADYH/MAIN/22/1927: 13 December 19 RAPS/PSO/GV/PS/ARMY/38215.

20 RA QM/PRIV/QMD/1927: 28 December 21 d.u.c.h.ess of York to Queen Mary, 26 January 1928, RA QM/PRIV/CC11/121 22 King George V to Duke of York, 28 January 1928, RA GV/PRIV/AA62/55 23 Queen Mary to Duke of York, 26 September 1928, RA GVI/PRIV/RF/11 24 d.u.c.h.ess of York to D'Arcy Osborne, 24 November 1928, RA QEQM/OUT/OSBORNE 25 RA GV/PRIV/GVD/1928: 21 November 26 Rose, George V, p. 355; Nicolson, George V, p. 554n.

27 Princess Mary to Prince of Wales, 6 December 1928, RA EDW/PRIV/MAINA/2602 28 Baldwin Papers, 177/36, quoted in Ziegler, Edward VIII, p. 194 29 Ziegler, Edward VIII, p. 192 30 Ibid., pp. 1923 31 Duke of York to Prince of Wales, 6 December 1928, RA EDW/PRIV/MAINB/91 32 Wheeler-Bennett, p. 235 33 Ibid.

34 Rose, George V, p. 357 35 Nicolson, George V, p. 556 36 Rose, George V, p. 357 37 Wheeler-Bennett, p. 235 38 Duke of York to Queen Mary, 10 February 1929, RA QM/PRIV/CC11/130 39 d.u.c.h.ess of York to Queen Mary, 12 March 1929, RA QM/PRIV/CC11/133 40 Duke of York to Queen Mary, 10 February 1929, RA QM/PRIV/CC11/130; Queen Mary to Duke of York, 12 February 1929, RA GVI/PRIV/RF/11 41 d.u.c.h.ess of York to Queen Mary, 15 March 1929, RA QM/PRIV/CC11/135 42 d.u.c.h.ess of York to D'Arcy Osborne, 16 March 1929, RA QEQM/OUT/OSBORNE 43 Ibid.

44 d.u.c.h.ess of York to Queen Mary, 12 March 1929, RA QM/PRIV/CC11/133 45 Queen Maud of Norway to Queen Mary, 31 March 1929, RA QM/PRIV/CC45/759 46 d.u.c.h.ess of York to D'Arcy Osborne, 25 April 1929, RA QEQM/OUT/OSBORNE 47 Queen Mary to d.u.c.h.ess of York, 29 April 1929, RA QEQM/PRIV/RF 48 Wheeler-Bennett, p. 243 49 Aberdeen Press, 22 May 1929 50 d.u.c.h.ess of York to Queen Mary, 25 May 1929, RA QM/PRIV/CC11/137 51 Basil Brooke to Colonel Arthur Erskine, 31 May 1929, RA ADYH/MAIN/63/Transport 52 Quoted by Wheeler-Bennett, p. 246 53 d.u.c.h.ess of York to Queen Mary, 25 May 1929, RA QM/PRIV/CC11/137 54 Princess Elizabeth to d.u.c.h.ess of York, 22 May 1929, RA QEQM/PRIV/RF 55 Rose, George V, p. 361 56 Margaret Bondfield, A Life's Work, Hutchinson, 1949, p. 278 57 Rose, George V, p. 362 58 Queen Elizabeth, conversations with Eric Anderson, 19945, RA QEQM/ADD/MISC 59 d.u.c.h.ess of York to D'Arcy Osborne, 17 November 1929, RA QEQM/OUT/OSBORNE 60 d.u.c.h.ess of York to King George V, 21 August 1929, RA GV/PRIV/AA62/86 61 d.u.c.h.ess of York to D'Arcy Osborne, 10 October 1932, RA QEQM/OUT/OSBORNE 62 d.u.c.h.ess of York to King George V, 21 August 1929, RA GV/PRIV/AA62/86 63 Ibid.

64 d.u.c.h.ess of York to D'Arcy Osborne, 17 November 1929, RA QEQM/OUT/OSBORNE 65 Ibid.; d.u.c.h.ess of York to Osbert Sitwell, 11 November 1929, Sitwell Papers 66 d.u.c.h.ess of York to Queen Mary, 9 September 1929, RA QM/PRIV/CC11/143 67 Duke of York to King George V, 6 October 1929, RA GV/PRIV/AA62/100; Wheeler-Bennett, p. 250 68 Lady Helen Graham to Rev. J. I. McNair, 6 July 1929, RA QEQMH/PS/ENGT/1929: 5 October 69 ADYH/MAIN/33/1929: 29 October 70 Princess Elizabeth to d.u.c.h.ess of York, n.d. [January 1930], RA QEQM/PRIV/RF 71 d.u.c.h.ess of York to Nannie Beevers, 31 December 1929, private collection 72 Duke of York to d.u.c.h.ess of York, 6, 7, 8 January 1930, RA QEQM/PRIV/RF 73 Lady Strathmore to Beryl Poignand, 23 February 1930, Glamis Archives (CH) 74 d.u.c.h.ess of York to Nannie Beevers, 4 April 1930, private collection 75 d.u.c.h.ess of York to D'Arcy Osborne, 11 March 1930, RA QEQM/OUT/OSBORNE 76 Queen Mary to d.u.c.h.ess of York, 9 February 1930, RA QEQM/PRIV/RF 77 d.u.c.h.ess of York to Queen Mary, 14 April 1930, RA QM/PRIV/CC11/154 78 Queen Mary to d.u.c.h.ess of York, 15 [April] 1930, RA QEQM/PRIV/RF 79 d.u.c.h.ess of York to Nannie Beevers, 4 April 1930, private collection 80 d.u.c.h.ess of York to Queen Mary, 21 July 1930, RA QM/PRIV/CC11/158 81 d.u.c.h.ess of York to Queen Mary, 31 July 1930, RA QM/PRIV/CC11/159 82 Dr Frank Neon Reynolds, letters to his wife, Reynolds Papers 83 d.u.c.h.ess of York to Queen Mary, 5 August 1930, RA QM/PRIV/CC11/161 84 Duke of York to Queen Mary, 5 August 1930, RA QM/PRIV/CC11/160 85 Dr Reynolds to Mrs Reynolds, August 1930, Reynolds Papers 86 Dr Reynolds to Mrs Reynolds, [21] August 1930, Reynolds Papers 87 Lady Strathmore to the Hon. David Bowes Lyon, 26 August 1930, Bowes Lyon Papers, SPW 88 Reported by Sir Clive Wigram in letter to Lady Wigram, 22 August 1930, RA AEC/GG/6 89 Queen Mary to Duke of York, 22 August 1930, RA GVI/PRIV/RF/11 90 Queen Mary to May Elphinstone, 25 August 1930, RA QEQM/OUT/ELPHINSTONE 91 Colonel Herbert Spender-Clay to Rachel Bowes Lyon, 24 August 1930, Bowes Lyon Papers, SPW 92 Asquith, The Queen, p. 168 93 Ibid.

94 Lady Strathmore to the Hon. David Bowes Lyon, 26 August 1930, Bowes Lyon Papers, SPW 95 Basil Brooke to Sunday Express, 24 August 1930; statement by Sir Henry Simson, 24 August 1930, RA ADYH/MAIN/070/Birth of Princess Margaret 96 Queen Mary to d.u.c.h.ess of York, 25 August 1930, RA QEQM/PRIV/RF 97 Duke of York to d.u.c.h.ess of York, 25 August 1930, RA QEQM/PRIV/RF 98 Queen Mary to Duke of York, 22 August 1930, RA GVI/PRIV/RF/11 99 d.u.c.h.ess of York to Queen Mary, 27 August 1930, RA QM/PRIV/CC11/163 100 d.u.c.h.ess of York to Queen Mary, 6 September 1930, RA QM/PRIV/CC11/165 101 Duke of York and Princess Elizabeth to d.u.c.h.ess of York, 8 September 1930, RA QEQM/PRIV/RF 102 d.u.c.h.ess of York to Duke of York, 9 September 1930, RA GVI/PRIV/RF/26/70 103 Princess Elizabeth to d.u.c.h.ess of York, 10 September 1930, RA QEQM/PRIV/RF 104 d.u.c.h.ess of York to Duke of York, [12 September 1930], RA GVI/PRIV/RF/26/72 105 d.u.c.h.ess of York to Queen Mary, 28 August 1930, RA QM/PRIV/CC11/164 106 d.u.c.h.ess of York to Most Rev. Cosmo Lang, 10 September 1930, Lambeth Palace Library, Lang Papers 318 f. 186 107 Most Rev. Cosmo Lang to d.u.c.h.ess of York, 11 September 1930, RA QEQM/PRIV/PAL/Lang 108 Duke of York to Queen Mary, 15 September 1930, RA QM/PRIV/CC11/166; Duke of York to King George V, 29 September 1930, RA GV/PRIV/AA62/120 109 d.u.c.h.ess of York to Queen Mary, 22 October 1930, RA QM/PRIV/CC11/169 110 d.u.c.h.ess of York to Most Rev. Cosmo Lang, 10 September 1930, Lambeth Palace Library, Lang Papers 318 f. 186 111 d.u.c.h.ess of York to Dr Varley, 17 December 1930, RA GVI/OUT 112 RA QM/PRIV/QMD/1930: 25 December 113 d.u.c.h.ess of York to Queen Mary, 26 January 1931, RA QM/PRIV/CC11/175 114 Nicolson, George V, pp. 5801 115 Graves and Hodge, pp. 2545 116 King George V to Duke of York, 30 September 1931, RA GV/PRIV/AA62/147 117 Wheeler Bennett, pp. 2579; Rose, George V, pp. 3767 118 RA GV/PRIV/GVD/1931: 28 October 119 Ibid.

120 Ibid.

121 Graves and Hodge, p. 297 122 d.u.c.h.ess of York to D'Arcy Osborne, n.d. [January 1932], RA QEQM/OUT/OSBORNE 123 d.u.c.h.ess of York to Queen Mary, 16 September 1931, RA QM/PRIV/CC11/184 124 d.u.c.h.ess of York to Queen Mary, 22 October 1931, RA QM/PRIV/CC11/189 125 Patrick Hodgson to George Aylwen, 1 October 1931, RA ADYH/MAIN/41 126 Lord Mayor of Cardiff to Lady Helen Graham, 30 October 1931, RA QEQMH/PS/ENGT/1932/12 127 W. C. R. Martin to Lady Helen Graham, 18 February 1932, RA QEQMH/PS/ENGT/1932: 16 February 128 d.u.c.h.ess of York to D'Arcy Osborne, n.d. [January 1932], RA QEQM/OUT/OSBORNE 129 Queen Mary to Duke of York, 19 August 1931, RA GVI/PRIV/RF/11 130 d.u.c.h.ess of York to Queen Mary, 16 September 1931, RA QM/PRIV/CC11/184 131 d.u.c.h.ess of York to Queen Mary, 21 September 1931, RA QM/PRIV/CC11/186 132 Queen Mary to Duke of York, 22 September 1931, RA GVI/PRIV/RF/11; d.u.c.h.ess of York to Queen Mary, 8 December 1931, RA QM/PRIV/CC11/190 133 d.u.c.h.ess of York to Queen Mary, 21 October 1932, RA QM/PRIV/CC11/204 134 Jane Roberts, Royal Landscape, Yale University Press, 1997, p. 321 135 Duke of York to King George V, 29 April 1932, RA GV/PRIV/AA62/154 136 Wheeler-Bennett, p. 259 137 Roberts, Royal Landscape, p. 329 138 Wheeler-Bennett, pp. 25960 139 Christopher Hussey, 'Royal Lodge', Country Life, 1 July 1939 140 Miss B. Hankey to d.u.c.h.ess of York, n.d. [May 1932], RA QEQM/PS/GEN/1932/Blaina 141 Queen Mary to d.u.c.h.ess of York, 31 July 1932, RA QEQM/PRIV/RF 142 d.u.c.h.ess of York to King George V, 5 August 1932, RA GV/PRIV/AA62/158 143 Ibid.

144 Queen Mary to Duke of York, 19 May 1932, RA GVI/PRIV/RF/11 145 Queen Mary to Duke of York, 24 May 1932, RA GVI/PRIV/RF/11 146 d.u.c.h.ess of York to D'Arcy Osborne, 10 October 1932, RA QEQM/OUT/OSBORNE 147 d.u.c.h.ess of York to Queen Mary, 21 October 1932, RA QM/PRIV/CC11/204 148 d.u.c.h.ess of York to D'Arcy Osborne, 30 November and 20 December 1932, RA QEQM/OUT/OSBORNE 149 D'Arcy Osborne to the d.u.c.h.ess of York, 26 January 1933, RA QEQM/PRIV/PAL/Osborne 150 Note by the d.u.c.h.ess of York on letter from Lady Londonderry to Lettice Bowlby, 27 July 1934, RA QEQMH/PS/GEN/1934/Women's Employment Federation 151 Lady Helen Graham to Lady Ruth Balfour, 30 November 1934, RA QEQMH/PS/GEN/1934/National Council of Women 152 Most Rev. Cosmo Lang to d.u.c.h.ess of York, 27 December 1932, RA QEQM/PRIV/PAL/Lang 153 d.u.c.h.ess of York to Most Rev. Cosmo Lang, 7 January 1933, Lambeth Palace Library, Lang Papers 318 f. 169 154 Queen Mary to d.u.c.h.ess of York, 5 February 1933, RA QEQM/PRIV/RF 155 d.u.c.h.ess of York to Queen Mary, 19, 30 January 1933, RA QM/PRIV/CC11/209, 210 156 Correspondence with Miss Thelma Evans of Rozevale Kennels, Reigate, RA ADYH/MAIN/070 157 Marion Crawford to d.u.c.h.ess of York, 21 November 1932, RA QEQM/PRIV/CHILD 158 Dermot Morrah, Princess Elizabeth, Odhams Press, 1950, p. 50 159 K. M. Murphy to d.u.c.h.ess of York, 5 April 1934, RA QEQMH/PS/GEN/Linguaphone Inst.i.tute 160 Marion Crawford to Lady Cynthia Colville, n.d. [8 November 1937], RA QM/PRIV/CC14/62a 161 Ibid.

162 Ibid.

163 See Marion Crawford, The Little Princesses, Harcourt, Brace, New York, 1950, pp. 53, 97 for Lady Cynthia Colville's letters to Marion Crawford relaying Queen Mary's questions and comments 164 Queen Mary to Owen Morshead, 26 March 1941, RA QM/PRIV/CC48/957 165 Owen Morshead to Queen Mary, 25 July 1941, RA QM/PRIV/CC48/975 166 Information from the family of the Vicomtesse de Bellaigue 167 Queen Elizabeth to Princess Elizabeth, 29 December 1935, 6, 13, 27 May 1939, 27 June 1944, RA QEII/PRIV/RF, RA QEQM/PRIV/CHILD 168 Notes by d.u.c.h.ess of York, n.d. [19316], RA QEQM/PRIV/PERS 169 d.u.c.h.ess of York to Most Rev. Cosmo Lang, 12 January 1934, Lambeth Palace Library, Lang Papers 318 f. 174 170 ADYH/MAIN/51/1934: 16 February 171 QEQMH/PS/ENGT/1934: 21 February 172 Captain Lionel Scott to Harold Campbell, 7 July 1934, RA ADYH/MAIN/53/1934: 56 July 173 d.u.c.h.ess of York to Osbert Sitwell, 15 July 1934, Sitwell Papers 174 Queen Elizabeth to Sir Robin Mackworth-Young, 3 May 1976, RA QEQM/OUT/MOLYNEUX/140 175 d.u.c.h.ess of York to Hon. Richard Molyneux, 19 June 1931, 29 December 1935, RA QEQM/OUT/MOLYNEUX/46, 74 176 d.u.c.h.ess of York to Hon. Richard Molyneux, 18 August 1934, RA QEQM/OUT/MOLYNEUX/71 177 RCIN 403396.

178 Queen Elizabeth to Sir Robin Mackworth-Young, 3 May 1976, RA QEQM/OUT/MOLYNEUX/140 179 d.u.c.h.ess of York to D'Arcy Osborne, 28 July 1934, RA QEQM/OUT/OSBORNE 180 d.u.c.h.ess of York to Osbert Sitwell, 2 August 1934, Sitwell Papers 181 King George V to d.u.c.h.ess of York, 7 August 1934, RA QEQM/PRIV/RF 182 d.u.c.h.ess of York to King George V, 6 August [misdated July] 1934, RA GV/PRIV/AA62/188 183 d.u.c.h.ess of York to King George V, 28 October 1934, RA GV/PRIV/AA62/200 184 d.u.c.h.ess of York to Queen Mary, 6 August 1934, RA QM/PRIV/CC11/225 185 d.u.c.h.ess of York to Duke of Kent, 27 August 1934, RA QEQM/OUT/GDK 186 RA GV/PRIV/GVD/1934: 19 September 187 d.u.c.h.ess of York to Beryl Poignand, 21 September 1934, Glamis Archives (CH) 188 Queen Mary to d.u.c.h.ess of York, 9 November 1934, RA QEQM/PRIV/RF 189 The Times, 30 November 1934 190 Lord Strathmore to Miss Cavie, 7 December 1934, Glamis Archives 191 Daily Telegraph, 30 November 1934 192 d.u.c.h.ess of York to King George V, 18 March 1935, RA GV/PRIV/AA62/215 193 RA GV/PRIV/GVD/1935: 6 May 194 Nicolson, George V, pp. 66972 195 Prochaska, Republic of Britain, pp. 2078 196 Ibid., p. 208 197 Nicolson, George V, p. 669 198 Prochaska, Republic of Britain, pp. 2089 199 Nicolson, George V, pp. 6628 200 Kathe Kubler to d.u.c.h.ess of York, 1 April 1933, RA QEQM/PRIV/PAL 201 Queen Elizabeth, conversations with Eric Anderson, 19945, RA QEQM/ADD/MISC. See also Vaughan Jones, Daily Express, 18 August 1946 202 D'Arcy Osborne to d.u.c.h.ess of York, 7 February 1934, RA QEQM/PRIV/PAL/Osborne 203 D'Arcy Osborne to d.u.c.h.ess of York, 14 March 1935, RA QEQM/PRIV/PAL/Osborne 204 Nicolson, George V, p. 665; Rose, George V, p. 388 205 Sir Eric Phipps to King George V, 12 September 1934, RA PS/PSO/GV/C/P/586/200 206 Sir Clive Wigram to Sir Eric Phipps, 16 January 1935, RA PS/PSO/GV/C/P/586/216, quoted in Nicolson, George V, p. 666 207 Rose, George V, p. 387 208 Ibid., p. 389 209 Norman Hartnell, Silver and Gold, Evans Bros, 1955, pp. 901 210 RA GV/PRIV/GVD/1935: 6 November 211 Sir Ian Malcolm to d.u.c.h.ess of York, 9 April 1935, RA ADYH/MAIN/58/1935: 30 November 212 Sir Basil Brooke to Sir Ian Malcolm, 24 July 1935, RA ADYH/MAIN/58/1935: 30 November 213 Sir George Clerk to Sir Basil Brooke, 5 November 1935, RA ADYH/MAIN/58/1935: 30 November 214 Sir George Clerk to Sir Clive Wigram, 2 December 1935, RA PS/PSO/GV/C/P/1273/67 215 d.u.c.h.ess of York to D'Arcy Osborne, 10 January 1936, RA QEQM/OUT/OSBORNE 216 Wheeler-Bennett, p. 264 217 Princess Margaret to d.u.c.h.ess of York, 17 December 1935, RA QEQM/PRIV/RF 218 Jean Bruce to d.u.c.h.ess of York, 22 December 1935, RA QEQM/PRIV/CHILD 219 Alah Knight to d.u.c.h.ess of York, 24 December [1935], RA QEQM/PRIV/CHILD 220 d.u.c.h.ess of York to Princess Elizabeth, 29 December 1935, RA QEII/PRIV/RF 221 Princess Margaret to d.u.c.h.ess of York, 1 January [1936], RA QEQM/PRIV/RF 222 d.u.c.h.ess of York to Princess Elizabeth, 6 January 1936, QEII/PRIV/RF 223 d.u.c.h.ess of York to Queen Mary, 27 December 1935, RA QM/PRIV/CC12/18 224 d.u.c.h.ess of York to King George V, 30 December 1935, RA GV/PRIV/AA62/241 225 d.u.c.h.ess of York to d.i.c.k Molyneux, 29 December 1935, RA QEQM/OUT/MOLYNEUX/74 226 Owen Morshead to Paquita Morshead, 14 January 1936, RA AEC/GG/12/OS/1 (Morshead Papers) 227 Rose, George V, p. 400 228 Hon. Jean Bruce to d.u.c.h.ess of York, 10 January 1936, RA QEQM/PRIV/CHILD 229 RA GV/PRIV/GVD/1936: 16 January 230 Alan Lascelles to Joan Lascelles, 16 January 1936, CAC LASL 4/2/1 231 Alan Lascelles to Joan Lascelles, 18 January 1936, CAC LASL 4/2/4 232 d.u.c.h.ess of York to Queen Mary, RA QM/PRIV/CC12/22 233 Queen Mary, diary, RA QM/PRIV/QMD/1936: 19 January 234 Ziegler, Edward VIII, p. 241 235 Hardinge, p. 59 236 RA QM/PRIV/QMD/1936: 20 January 237 Rose, George V, p. 403 238 RA QM/PRIV/QMD/1936: 27 January 239 RA QM/PRIV/QMD/1936: 28 January 240 Arthur Penn to d.u.c.h.ess of York, 22 January 1936, RA QEQM/PRIV/PAL/Penn 241 Rose, George V, p. 406

TEN: ABDICATION 19361937

1 Laird, p. 160 2 Channon, Diaries, p. 53 3 Kenneth Rose, Kings, Queens and Courtiers, Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1985, p. 73 4 Ziegler, Edward VIII, p. 202 5 Ibid., p. 203 6 Bradford, George VI, pp. 1789 7 Ibid., pp. 17980 8 Ziegler, Edward VIII, pp. 2278 9 Bradford, George VI, p. 183 10 Ibid., p. 190 11 Ziegler, Edward VIII, p. 233 12 Rose, George V, p. 392 13 Airlie, p. 197, quoted in Ziegler, Edward VIII, p. 199 14 Ziegler, Edward VIII, pp. 2367 15 Ibid., p. 243 16 Ibid.; Sir Alan Lascelles to A. G. Allen, 19 April 1956, CAC LASL 3/9/7 17 Owen Morshead, note, 20 December 1936, RA AEC/GG/12/OS/1 18 Ziegler, Edward VIII, p. 247 19 Ibid., p. 245 20 Helen Hardinge, diary, Hon. Lady Murray Papers 21 Francis Watson, Dawson of Penn, Chatto & Windus, 1950, p. 285 22 Kenneth Clark to d.u.c.h.ess of York, 28 March 1936, RA QEQM/PRIV/PAL 23 d.u.c.h.ess of York to Queen Mary, 11 March 1936, RA QM/PRIV/CC12/24 24 RA QM/PRIV/QMD/1936: 1012 April 25 d.u.c.h.ess of York to Queen Mary, 21 May 1936, RA QM/PRIV/CC12/26 26 RA QM/PRIV/QMD/1936: 25 May; Morning Post, 26 May 1936 27 d.u.c.h.ess of York to d.i.c.k Molyneux, 12 June 1936, RA QEQM/OUT/MOLYNEUX/79 28 D'Arcy Osborne to d.u.c.h.ess of York, 5 June 1936, RA QEQM/PRIV/PAL/Osborne 29 RA QEQMH/PS/ENGT/1936/7.

30 RA ADYH/MAIN/060/9 June 1936 31 Roger Lumley to Sir Basil Brooke, 21 July 1936, RA ADYH/MAIN/060/1936: 28 July 32 d.u.c.h.ess of York to Duff Cooper, 3 August 1936, CAC, Duff Cooper papers; Duff Cooper to d.u.c.h.ess, 14 August 1936, RA QEQM/PRIV/PAL 33 Duke of York to Clare Vyner, 3 August 1936, Vyner Papers 34 Queen Mary to d.u.c.h.ess of York, 9 August 1936, RA QEQM/PRIV/RF 35 Helen Hardinge, diary, 28 March 1936, Hon. Lady Murray Papers 36 Lord Wigram, memorandum, 13 March 1936, RA PS/PSO/GVI/C/019/315 37 d.u.c.h.ess of Devons.h.i.+re to Lady Airlie, 25 February 1936, British Library, Add MSS 82766 38 Ziegler, Edward VIII, p. 281 39 Ibid., p. 291 40 Hardinge, pp. 1013 41 Ziegler, Edward VIII, pp. 26672, 2735 42 Ibid., p. 273 43 Helen Hardinge, diary, 25 November 1936, Hon. Lady Murray Papers 44 Ziegler, Edward VIII, p. 274 45 Ibid., pp. 2826 46 Ibid., p. 287 47 d.u.c.h.ess of York to Queen Mary, 14 September 1936, RA QM/PRIV/CC12/31 48 Queen Mary to Duke of York, 13 August 1936, RA GVI/PRIV/RF/11 49 Edward W. Watt, Lord Provost, to Sir Basil Brooke, 11 August 1936, with marginal notes by the Duke of York, RA ADYH/MAIN/060/23 September 1936 50 d.u.c.h.ess of York to Queen Mary, 19 September 1936, RA QM/PRIV/CC12/32 51 Ziegler, Edward VIII, p. 288 (see also Bradford, George VI, p. 225) 52 Ziegler, Edward VIII, p. 287, quoting Sir Walter Monckton 53 Ibid., pp. 2878, quoting Sir Alan Lascelles 54 Queen Mary to Duke of York, 13 August 1936, RA GVI/PRIV/RF/11 55 Duke of York to Queen Mary, 13 October 1936, RA QM/PRIV/CC12/35 56 d.u.c.h.ess of York to Queen Mary, 11 October 1936, RA QM/PRIV/CC12/34 57 Ibid.

58 Queen Mary to d.u.c.h.ess of York, 14 October 1936, RA QEQM/PRIV/RF 59 Ziegler, Edward VIII, p. 291 60 Wheeler-Bennett, p. 277 61 Ibid.

62 d.u.c.h.ess of York to Queen Mary, 21 October 1936, RA QM/PRIV/CC12/36 63 Queen Mary to Duke of York, 22 October 1936, RA GVI/PRIV/RF/11 64 Rev. Alan Don, diary, 24 November 1936, Lambeth Palace Library, MSS 2864 65 d.u.c.h.ess of York to King Edward VIII, 29 October 1936, RA EDW/MAINA/3024 66 Duke of York to Queen Mary, 6 November 1936, RA QM/PRIV/CC12/38 67 Queen Mary to Duke of York, 8 November 1936, RA GVI/PRIV/RF/11 68 Wheeler-Bennett, p. 280 69 Ibid., p. 281 70 Duff Cooper, p. 229 71 Queen Mary to Lord Wigram, 15 July 1938, commenting on King Edward VIII's letter to her of 20 November 1936, quoted in Ziegler, Edward VIII, p. 324 72 Ziegler, Edward VIII, pp. 3234 73 King Edward VIII to Queen Mary, 20 November 1936, RA EDW/ADD/ABD/1, quoted in ibid., p. 324 74 Queen Mary to d.u.c.h.ess of York, 17 November 1936, RA QEQM/PRIV/RF 75 d.u.c.h.ess of York to Queen Mary, n.d. [17 November 1936], RA EDW/ADD/ABD/1 76 Evelyn, d.u.c.h.ess of Devons.h.i.+re, to Lady Airlie, 17 November 1936, British Library, Add MSS 82766 77 d.u.c.h.ess of York to Queen Mary, 20 November 1936, RA EDW/ADD/ABD/1 78 Ziegler, Edward VIII, p. 324 79 d.u.c.h.ess of York to King Edward VIII, 23 November 1936, RA EDW/PRIV/MAINB/111 80 d.u.c.h.ess of York to Helen Hardinge, 23 November 1936, Hon. Lady Murray Papers 81 Wheeler-Bennett, p. 283 82 Ziegler, Edward VIII, p. 302 83 Ibid., pp. 3034 84 Ibid., pp. 3057 85 Wheeler-Bennett, p. 284 86 Ibid., p. 284n.

87 King George VI's account of the abdication, quoted in ibid., p. 284 88 d.u.c.h.ess of York to d.i.c.k Molyneux, n.d. [3 December 1936], RA QEQM/OUT/MOLYNEUX/83 89 King George VI's account of the abdication, quoted in Wheeler-Bennett, p. 285 90 Ziegler, Edward VIII, p. 310 91 King George VI's account of the abdication, quoted in Wheeler-Bennett, p. 285 92 Frederick Dalrymple Hamilton, diary, 3 December 1936, private collection 93 Susan Williams, The People's King, Allen Lane, 2003, pp. 184 94 Alan Lascelles to George Allen, 19 April 1956, CAC, LASL 3/9/7 95 Lord Birkenhead, Walter Monckton, Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1969, p. 138 96 Duke of York to Queen Mary, 5 December 1936, RA EDW/ADD/ABD/1 97 d.u.c.h.ess of York to Osbert Sitwell, 7 December 1936, Sitwell Papers 98 Owen Morshead, notes, 14 January 1937, RA AEC/GG/12/OS/1. A slightly different version of Queen Mary's words appears in her biography by James Pope-Hennessy: Queen Mary, Allen & Unwin, 1959, p. 576 99 Ziegler, Edward VIII, p. 311 100 Ibid., pp. 31112; Bradford, George VI, p. 255 101 King George VI's account of the abdication, quoted in Wheeler-Bennett, p. 285 102 d.u.c.h.ess of York to May Elphinstone, 6 December 1936, RA QEQM/OUT/ELPHINSTONE 103 Lady Londonderry to d.u.c.h.ess of York, 5 December [1936], RA QEQM/PRIV/PAL; d.u.c.h.ess of York to Lady Londonderry, 7 December 1936, RA QEQM/OUT/MISC 104 Helen Hardinge, diary, 9 December 1936, Hon. Lady Murray Papers 105 King George VI's account of the abdication, quoted in Wheeler-Bennett, p. 286 106 Ibid.

107 Queen Mary's words to Harold Nicolson, quoted in Bradford, George VI, p. 198 108 RA QM/PRIV/QMD/1936: 9 December 109 d.u.c.h.ess of York to Queen Mary, 10 December 1936, RA EDW/ADD/ABD/1 110 RA QM/PRIV/QMD/1936: 10 December 111 Ziegler, Edward VIII, pp. 3267 112 Frederick Dalrymple Hamilton, diary, 10 December 1936, private collection 113 Princess Royal to d.u.c.h.ess of York, 10 December 1936, RA QEQMH/PRIV/RF 114 King George VI's account of the abdication, quoted in Wheeler-Bennett, p. 287 115 Ziegler, Edward VIII, p. 331 116 Queen Elizabeth to Duke of Windsor, 11 December 1936, RA EDW/MAINA/3068 117 RA QM/PRIV/QMD/1936: 11 December 118 King George VI's account of the abdication, quoted in Wheeler-Bennett, p. 287 119 Queen Elizabeth to Most Rev. Cosmo Lang, 14 January 1937, Lambeth Palace Library, Lang Papers 318 ff. 1813 120 Queen Mary to Queen Elizabeth, 11 December 1936, RA QEQM/PRIV/RF 121 Wheeler-Bennett, p. 288 122 Queen Elizabeth, conversations with Eric Anderson, 19945, RA QEQM/ADD/MISC 123 Lady Cynthia Asquith, The King's Daughter, Hutchinson, [1937], pp. 967; Ben Pimlott, The Queen, HarperCollins, 1997, p. 41 124 Queen Elizabeth to Most Rev. Cosmo Lang, 12 December 1936, Lambeth Palace Library, Lang Papers 318 ff. 17780 125 Rev. Alan Don, diary, 14 December 1936, Lambeth Palace Library, MSS 2864 126 Most Rev. Cosmo Lang to Queen Elizabeth, 14 December 1936, RA QEQM/PRIV/PAL/Lang 127 Quoted in Bradford, George VI, p. 299 128 Owen Morshead, notes, 12 January 1937, RA AEC/GG12/OS/1 129 Letter to Victor Cazalet quoted in Bradford, George VI, p. 300 130 Queen Elizabeth to Queen Mary, 14 December 1936, quoted in Wheeler-Bennett, p. 296 131 Wheeler-Bennett, pp. 2967 132 Queen Mary to King George VI, 11 December 1936, RA GVI/PRIV/RF/11 133 King George VI to Queen Mary, n.d. [11 December 1936], RA QM/PRIV/CC12/39 134 Queen Mary, Message to the Nation, 12 December 1936, RA QM/PRIV/CC49/99 135 Quoted by Bradford, George VI, p. 298 136 Owen Morshead, notes, 20 December 1936, RA AEC/GG12/OS/1 137 King George VI, broadcast, 1 January 1937, quoted in Wheeler-Bennett, p. 297 138 Queen Elizabeth to Queen Mary, 2 February 1937, RA QM/PRIV/CC12/42 139 Princess Beatrice to Queen Elizabeth, 12 December 1936, RA QEQM/PRIV/RF 140 d.u.c.h.ess of Beaufort to Queen Elizabeth, 12 December 1936, RA QEQM/PRIV/RF 141 Princess Alice to Queen Elizabeth, 12 December 1936, RA QEQM/PRIV/RF 142 Queen Mary to Lady Strathmore, 16 December 1936, Glamis Archives 143 Lady Strathmore to Sir John Weir, 19 December 1936, Glamis Archives 144 Owen Morshead, notes, 16 January 1937, RA AEC/GG12/OS/1 145 The Duke of Windsor, A King's Story: The Memoirs of H.R.H. The Duke of Windsor, Ca.s.sell, 1951, p. 278 146 Jasper Ridley to Queen Elizabeth, 10 December 1936, RA QEQM/PRIV/PAL/Ridley 147 Archibald Clark Kerr to Queen Elizabeth, 10 December 1936, RA QEQM/PRIV/PAL 148 Osbert Sitwell to Queen Elizabeth, 11 December 1936, RA QEQM/PRIV/PAL/Sitwell 149 Queen Elizabeth to Osbert Sitwell, 17 December 1936, Sitwell Papers 150 Queen Elizabeth to Osbert Sitwell, 19 February 1937, RA QEQM/OUT/SITWELL 151 Queen Elizabeth to D'Arcy Osborne, 16 December 1936, RA QEQM/OUT/OSBORNE 152 Bradford, George VI, p. 299 153 Walter Monckton, notes, September 1941, Bodleian Library, Monckton Papers, MT 22/2202 154 Owen Morshead, notes, 17 January 1937, RA AEC/GG12/OS/1 155 Osbert Sitwell to Queen Elizabeth, 8 February 1937, RA QEQM/PRIV/PAL/Sitwell 156 Queen Elizabeth to Osbert Sitwell, 19 February 1937, RA QEQM/OUT/SITWELL 157 Queen Elizabeth, conversations with Eric Anderson, 19945, RA QEQM/ADD/MISC 158 Queen Elizabeth to Queen Mary, 23 March, 7 April 1937, RA QM/PRIV/CC12/45, 47 159 W. C. Johnson, Chairman, People's Palace, to Sir Alexander Hardinge, 21 December 1936, RA PS/PSO/GVI/PS/MAIN/00616/B/03 160 Earl of Cromer to Alan Lascelles, 22 December 1936, RA PS/PSO/GVI/PS/MAIN/00616/B/19 161 Countess Spencer, diary, 16 March 1937, Althorp Archives 162 Harold Nicolson, Diaries and Letters 19301939, ed. Nigel Nicolson, Collins, 1966, pp. 2978 163 Clement Attlee to Tom Attlee, 17 April 1937, Bodleian Library, MS Eng.c.4792 164 Ziegler, Osbert Sitwell, Pimlico, 1999, p. 238 165 Lady Diana Cooper, quoted in Bradford, George V