The Future: six drivers of global change Part 68

Mavropoulos, "Waste Management 2030+."

139 much larger volumes are on land in millions of waste dumps

EPA, "Munic.i.p.al Solid Waste Generation, Recycling, and Disposal in the United States: Facts and Figures for 2010," November 2011, http://www.epa.gov/epawaste/nonhaz/munic.i.p.al/pubs/msw_2010_rev_factsheet.pdf; NOAA Marine Debris Program, "De-mystifying the 'Great Pacific Garbage Patch,' " http://marinedebris.noaa.gov/info/patch.html.

140 decomposes to produce 4 percent of all the global warming pollution

Ian Williams, University of Southampton, "Future of Waste: Initial Perspectives," in Tim Jones and Caroline Dewing, eds., Future Agenda: Initial Perspectives (Newbury, UK: Vodafone Group, 2009), pp. 8489.

141 including pesticides, a.r.s.enic, cadmium, and flame r.e.t.a.r.dants

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Fourth National Report on Human Exposure to Environmental Chemicals, 2009, http://www.cdc.gov/exposurereport/pdf/FourthReport.pdf.

142 smokers who fall asleep and drop their lit cigarettes

Michael Hawthorne, "Testing Shows Treated Foam Offers No Safety Benefit," Chicago Tribune, May 6, 2012.

143 enough influence to require the addition of dangerous chemicals

Nicholas D. Kristof, "Are You Safe on That Sofa?," New York Times, May 19, 2012.

144 exposure with evidence of cancer, reproductive disorders, and damage to fetuses

Hawthorne, "Testing Shows Treated Foam Offers No Safety Benefit."

145 added to the foam in the furniture didn't work

Ibid.

146 Toxic Substances Control Act, has never been truly implemented

Bryan Walsh, "The Perils of Plastic," Time, April 1, 2010.

147 relevant information about these chemicals from regulators

Ibid.

148 was also the inventor of synthetic nitrogen fertilizer

Diarmuid Jeffreys, h.e.l.l's Cartel: IG Farben and the Making of Hitler's War Machine (New York: Metropolitan Books, 2008).

149 South Asia, Africa, and portions of the Middle East

John Cameron, Paul Hunter, Paul Jagals, and Katherine Pond, eds., Valuing Water, Valuing Livelihoods, World Health Organization, http://whqlibdoc.who.int/publications/2011/9781843393108_eng.pdf.

150 "one-half of the world's major rivers"

World Water Council, "Water and Nature," http://www.worldwatercouncil.org/index.php?id=21.

151 "This is asymmetric accounting"

Jorgen Randers, 2052: A Global Forecast for the Next Forty Years (White River Junction, VT: Chelsea Green, 2012), p. 75.

152 "Of course from the government's point of view"

Keith Bradsher, "A Chinese City Moves to Limit Cars," New York Times, September 4, 2012.

153 exposed to chemical waste or other health threats in their drinking water

Charles Duhigg, "Clean Water Laws Are Neglected, at a Cost in Suffering," New York Times, September 13, 2009.

154 "and 2.5 billion lack improved sanitation"

World Health Organization, "Progress on Drinking Water and Sanitation: 2012 Update," http://www.wssinfo.org/fileadmin/user_upload/resources/JMP-report-2012-en.pdf.