A History of The Inquisition of The Middle Ages Volume I Part 26

20.

[35] Concil. Avenion. ann. 1326, c. 3.--Concil. Marciacens. ann. 1326, c. 45.--Concil. Vaurens. ann. 1368, c. 127.--Concil. Narbonn. ann. 1374, c. 27.

The magic character attributed to these formulas of devotion is well ill.u.s.trated by the story of Thierry d'Avesnes, who, during a raid into the territories of Baldwin of Mons, burned the convents of St. Waltruda of Mons, and St. Aldegonda of Maubeuge. Thereupon a holy hermit had a vision in which he saw the two angry saints demanding from the Virgin satisfaction for their injuries. This the Virgin refused, because Ada, the wife of Thierry, rendered to her the most grateful service by repeating the Ave Maria sixty times a day--twenty standing, twenty on her knees, and twenty prostrate. The saints still insisted on their wrongs, and the Virgin at length promised them revenge, when it could be inflicted without injury to Ada. Some years afterwards Thierry incautiously procured a divorce from her on the plea of consanguinity, because she remained barren after twenty years of marriage, and in a short time, while hunting, he was ambushed and slain by an enemy. His nephew and successor, Joscelin, took warning by this, and was very particular in constantly repeating the Ave Maria, and forcing his troopers to do likewise, so that, although he wrought much evil, yet he made a good ending.--Narrat. Restaur. S. Martini Tornacens. cap. 57.

Somewhat similar is the story of the knight, who, though cruel and revengeful, had such veneration for the cross that he never pa.s.sed one without descending from his horse and adoring it. Once, when riding alone through a dense forest, he was a.s.sailed by the kinsmen of a n.o.ble whom he had slain, and was forced to seek safety in flight. Coming to a cross-road, where stood a cross, he dismounted and knelt before it, when his enemies, coming up, were struck with sudden blindness, and groped vainly around, while he rode quietly away.--Lucae Tudensis de Altera Vita Lib. III. cap. 6.

[36] Concil. Lateran. IV. c. 62.--P. de Pilichdorf contr. Waldenses cap.

x.x.x.--Concil. Biterrens. ann. 1246, c. 5.--Concil. Cenomanens. ann.

1248.--Concil. Burdegalens. ann. 1255, c. 2.--Concil. Vienn. ann. 1311 (Clementin. Lib. v. t.i.t. ix. c. 2).--Concil. Remens. ann. 1303.--Concil.

Carnotens. ann. 1325, c. 18.--Martene Thesaur. IV. 858.--Martene Ampliss. Collect. VII. 197, etc.--Concil. Moguntin. ann. 1261, c.

48.--La Secchia Rapita, xii. 1. For the repression of these abuses after the Reformation see cap. 1, 2 in Septimo iii. 15.

[37] Gesta. Consulum. Andegavens. iii. 23.--Roger. Hoveden. ann.

1177.--Innocent. PP. III. Regest. IX. 243.--Caeesar. Heisterbac. Dial.

Mirac. Dist. VIII. cap. 53.--Muratori. Antiq. Med. aevi Dissert.

lviii.--Anon. Pa.s.saviens. adv. Waldens. cap. 5 (Mag. Bib. Pat. XIII.

301).

[38] Hartzheim. Concil. German. III. 543.--Campana, Storia di San Piero Martire Lib. II. cap. 3.--Caesar. Heisterbac. Dial. Mirac. Dist. IX. cap.

6, 8, 24, 25.

[39] Caesar. Heisterbac. Dial. Mirac. Dist. X. cap. 56.--Wibaldi Abbat.

Corbeiens. Epist. 157.--P. Cantor. Verb. abbrev. cap. 29.

[40] Caesar. Heisterbac. Dial. Mirac. Dist. III. cap. 2, 3, 6; Dist. v.

cap. 3.

[41] S. Bernardi Serm. de Conversione cap. 19, 20.--Ejusd. Serm. 77 in Cantica cap. 1.--Cf. Ejusd. Serm. 33 in Cantica cap. 16; Tract. de Moribus et Offic. Episc. cap. vii. No. 25, 27, 28.--De Consideratione Lib. III. cap. 4, 5.--Pothon. Prumiens. de Statu Domus Dei Lib. I.

[42] Cod. Diplom. Viennens. No. 163.--P. Cantor. Verb. abbrev. cap. 57, 59--Guiberti Abbat. Gemblacens. Epist. 1.--S. Hildegardae Revelat. Vis.

X. cap. 16.

[43] Honor. PP. III. Epist. ad Archiep. Bituricens. (Martene Collect.

Amplis. I. 1149-1151; Thesaur. Anecdot. I. 875-877).--Fascic. Rer.

Expetendarum et Fugiendarum, II. 251 (Ed. 1690).--W. Preger, Beitrage zur Geschichte der Waldesier, Munchen, 1875, pp. 64-67.

[44] Guill. Pod. Laurent. Chron. Prom.--Narrat. Restaur. Abbat S.

Martini Tornacens. cap. 38.--Panniers Walthers von der Vogelweide sammtliche Gedichte, No. 110, p. 118. Cf. No. 85, 111-113.

[45] From "La Gesta de Fra Peyre Cardinal," Raynouard, Lexique Roman, I.

464. See also pp. 446, 451. Cardinal was of n.o.ble birth and high consideration at the courts of Aragon and Toulouse; he was born in 1206, and is said to have lived until 1306. He was no heretic, although "los fals clerques reprendia molt."--(Miquel de la Tor, Vie de Peire Cardinal, ap. Meyer, Anciens Textes p. 100.)--See also his Sirvente, "Un sirventes vuelh for dels autz glotos" (Raynouard, Lexique Roman, I.

447).

[46] Pelayo, Heterodoxos Espanoles I. 405 (Madrid, 1880).--Petri Venerab. Opp. pp. 650 sqq. (Ed. Migne).--F. Francisci Pipini Chron. cap.

16.--Rigord. de Gest. Phil. Aug. ann. 1210.--Concil. Paris. ann.

1210.--Gregor. PP. IX. Bull. _c.u.m salutem_, 29 Apr. 1231.--S. Bernardi de Consideratione Lib. i. cap. 4.

For the adoration paid to Aristotle by the schoolmen of the twelfth century see John of Salisbury's Metalogicus Lib. ii. c. 16.

[47] Reinerii contra Waldenses cap. 3.--Tractatus de Modo procedendi contra Haereticos (MSS. Bib. Nat. Coll. Doat x.x.x. 185 sqq.).--Lucae Tudensis de Altera Vita Lib. III. cap. 7-10.--P. de Pilichdorf contra Waldenses cap. 16.--Pa.s.saviens. Anon. (Preger, Beitrage, pp.

64-67).--Raynouard, Lexique Roman, V. 471.

[48] Concil. Roman. ann. 1059, can. 3.--Lambert. Hersfeld. ann.

1074.--Gregor. PP. VII. Epist. Extrav. 4; Regist. Lib. IV. Ep.

20.--Concil. Remens. ann. 1131, c. 5.--Concil. Lateran. II. ann. 1139, c. 7.--c. 5, 6, Decret. I. x.x.xii.; c. 15; I. lx.x.xi.--Gerhohi Dial. de Different. Cleri. Cf. Ejusd. Lib. contr. duas Haereses c. 3, 6; Dialogus de Clericis Saecul. et Regular.--Anon. Libell. adv. Errores Alberonis (Martene Ampliss. Collect. IX. 1251-1270).--Can. 10 Extra Lib. III. t.i.t.

ii.--D'Argentre, Collect. Judic. de novis Erroribus, I. ii.

154.--Fortalicium Fidei, fol. 62 _b_ (Ed. 1494). The importance of the question in the twelfth century is shown by the number of canons devoted to it by Gratian.

[49] Hartzheim Concil. German. III. 763-766.--Meyeri Annal. Flandriae Lib. IV. ann. 1113-1115.--Sigeberti Gemblacens. Contin. Valcellens. ann.

1115.--P. Abaelardi Introd. ad Theolog. Lib. II. cap. 4.--Trithem. Chron.

Hirsaug. ann. 1127.--Vit. S. Norbert. Archiep. Magdeburg, cap. iii. No.

79, 80.

[50] Sigibert. Gemblac. Continuat. Gemblac. ann. 1146.--Ejusd.

Continuat. Praemonstrat. ann. 1148.--Roberti de Monte Chron. ann.

1148.--Guillel. de Newburg. Lib. I. cap. 19.--Otton. Frising. de Gest.

Frid. I. Lib. I. cap. 54, 55.--Hugon. Rothomag. contr. Haeret. Lib. III.

cap. 6.--Schmidt, Histoire des Cathares, I. 49.

[51] Saige, Les Juifs du Languedoc. P. I. ch. ii.; P. II. ch. ii.

(Paris, 1881). The same causes were at work in Spain, where the faithful complained that they were not allowed to persecute the Jew (Lucae Tudens.

de altera Vita Lib. III. cap. 3), and missionary work among the slaves of Jews was rendered costly by forcing the bishop of the diocese to pay to the master an extortionate price for every slave converted to Christianity and thus set free, for Jews could not hold Christian slaves. They were also relieved from the oppressive tax of the t.i.the (Innocent. III. Regest. VIII. 50; IX. 150). Even until late in the thirteenth century we find Jews freely holding real estate in Languedoc.

See MSS. Bib. Nat. Coll. Doat. T. x.x.xVII. fol. 20, 146, 148, 149, 151, 152.

For the independence of the communes, see Fauriel's edition of William of Tudela, Introd. pp. lv. sq., and Mazure et Hatoulet, Fors de Bearn, p. xliii.

[52] Jonae. Aureliens. de Cultu Imaginum.--Petri Venerab. Tract. contra Petrobrusianos.--P. Abaelardi Introd. ad Theolog. Lib. II. cap.

4.--Alphonsi a Castro adv. Haereses Lib. III. p. 163 (Ed.

1571).--Fisquet, La France Pontificale, Embrun, p. 848.

[53] S. Bernardi Epistt. 241, 242.--Gesta Pontif. Cenomanens. (D.

Bouquet T. XII. pp. 547-551, 554).--Hildebert. Cenoman. Epistt. 23, 24.--S. Bernardi Vit. Prim. Lib. III. cap. 6; Lib. VII. p. iii. ad calcem; Lib. VII. cap. 17.--Guill. de Podio-Laurent. cap. 1.--Alberic.

Trium Font. Chron. ann. 1148.

[54] Matt. Paris. Hist. Angl. ann. 1151.--S. Bernardi Epist.

472.--Hereberti Monachi Epist. (D. Bouquet. XII. 550-551).

[55] S. Bernardi Epistt. 189, 195, 196, 243, 244.--Gualt. Mapes de Nugis Curialium Dist. I. cap. xxiv.--Otton. Frisingens. de Gestis Frid. I.

Lib. I. cap. 27; Lib. II. cap. 20.--Harduin. Concil. VI. ii.

1224.--Martene Ampliss. Collect. II. 554-558.--Guntheri Ligurin. Lib.

III. 262-348.--Gerhohi Reichersperg. de Investigat. Antichristi I.--Baronii Annal. ann. 1148, No. 38.--Jaffe Regesta, No. 6445.--Vit.

Adriani PP. III. (Muratori III. 441, 442).--Sachsische Weltchronik, No.

301.--Cantu, Eretici d'Italia, I. 61-63.--Tocco, L'Eresia nel Medio Evo, pp. 242, 243.--Comba, La Riforma in Italia, I. 193, 194.--Bonghi, Arnaldo da Brescia, Citta di Castello, 1885.

[56] Lucii PP. III. Epist. 171.--Bonacursi Vit. Haereticor. (D'Achery T.I. 214, 215).--Const.i.t. General. Frid. II. ann. 1220 -- 5.--Ejusd.

Const.i.t. Ravennat. ann. 1232.--Conrad. Urspergens. ann. 1210.--Pauli aemilii de Rebus. Gest. Fran. Lib. VI. p. 316 (Ed. 1569).--Nicolai PP.

III. Bull. _Noverit Universitas_, 5 Mart. 1280.--Julii PP. II. Bull _Consueverunt_, 1 Mart. 1511.--Innocent. PP. III. Regest. II.

228.--Joann. Andreae Gloss. super cap. Excommunicamus (Eymerici Direct.