A System of Instruction in the Practical Use of the Blowpipe Part 7

--+--------------------------------------+-------------------------------- Green.

--+--------------------------------------+-------------------------------- Oxide of Iron Oxide of Iron, bottle-green.

" " Uranium Oxide of Uranium, bottle- " " Chromium green.

Oxide of Chromium, emerald- green.

Vanadic Acid, emerald-green.

--+--------------------------------------+-------------------------------- Opaque-grey. (The opacity generally becomes distinct during cooling.) --+--------------------------------------+-------------------------------- _ Oxide of Silver Oxide of Silver._ " " Zinc After " " Zinc After " " Cadmium short " " Cadmium short " " Lead } blowing. " " Lead blowing.

" " Bis.m.u.th Otherwise " " Bis.m.u.th }Otherwise " " Antimony colorless. " " Antimony colorless.

" " Nickel / " " Nickel / Telluric Acid _/ Telluric Acid _/ _ _ Niobic Acid After long Niobic Acid After long Pelopic " continued blowing Pelopic " continued } and in } blowing and considerable in considerable _/ proportion. _/ proportion.

--+--------------------------------------+-------------------------------- Opaque red and reddish-brown.

--+--------------------------------------+-------------------------------- Oxide of Copper Oxide of Copper.

B. MICROCOSMIC SALT.

1. Oxydizing flame.

--+--------------------------------------+-------------------------------- Color of Bead.

--+----------------------------------------------------------------------- Substances which produce this color +--------------------------------------+-------------------------------- in the hot bead. in the cold bead.

--+--------------------------------------+-------------------------------- Colorless --+--------------------------------------+-------------------------------- _ Silica (only Silica slightly soluble) Alumina Alumina Oxide of Tin Oxide of Tin _ Telluric Acid Telluric Acid Baryta Baryta Strontia Strontia With Lime In all Lime intermittent Magnesia } proportions. Magnesia }flame Glucina Glucina opaque Yttria Yttria white.

Zirconia Zirconia Thoria Thoria / Oxide of Lanthanum Oxide of Lanthanum/ " " Cerium Niobic Acid / Niobic Acid Pelopic " _/ Pelopic "

Tantalic " Tantalic "

t.i.tanic " t.i.tanic "

Tungstic " _ Tungstic "

Oxide of Zinc In small Oxide of Zinc " " Cadmium quant.i.ty only. " " Cadmium " " Lead } In large " " Lead " " Bis.m.u.th quant.i.ty " " Bis.m.u.th " " Antimony / yellow. " " Antimony _/ --+--------------------------------------+-------------------------------- Yellow, orange, red and brown.

--+--------------------------------------+-------------------------------- Tantalic Acid _ t.i.tanic " Tungstic " Oxide of Zinc In large " " Cadmium } quant.i.ty. " " Lead " " Bis.m.u.th " " Antimony _/ " " Silver Oxide of Silver.

" " Cerium " " Iron Oxide of Iron.

" " Nickel " " Nickel.

" " Uranium " " Uranium, yellowish-green.

Vanadic Acid Vanadic Acid.

Oxide of Chromium --+--------------------------------------+-------------------------------- Violet or Amethyst.

--+--------------------------------------+-------------------------------- Oxide of Manganese Oxide of Manganese.

" " Didymium " " Didymium.

--+--------------------------------------+-------------------------------- Blue.

--+--------------------------------------+-------------------------------- Oxide of Cobalt Oxide of Cobalt Oxide of Copper, to greenish-blue.

--+--------------------------------------+-------------------------------- Green.

--+--------------------------------------+-------------------------------- Molybdic Acid, yellowish-green Molybdic Acid, yellowish-green.

Oxide of Copper Oxide of Uranium, yellowish-green.

Oxide of Chromium, emerald-green.

B. MICROCOSMIC SALT.

2. Reducing flame.

--+--------------------------------------+-------------------------------- Color of Bead.

--+----------------------------------------------------------------------- Substances which produce this color +--------------------------------------+--------------------------------- in the hot bead. in the cold bead.

--+--------------------------------------+-------------------------------- Colorless --+--------------------------------------+-------------------------------- Silica (only slightly soluble) Silica (only slightly soluble).

Alumina Alumina.

Oxide of Tin Oxide of Tin. _ Baryta Baryta Strontia Strontia Lime Lime Magnesia Magnesia With an Glucina Glucina }intermittent Yttria Yttria flame Zirconia Zirconia opaque- Thoria Thoria only when white.

saturated / Oxide of Lanthanum Oxide of Lanthanum/ " " Cerium " " Cerium.

" " Didymium " " Didymium.

" " Manganese " " Manganese.

Tantalic Acid _ Tantalic Acid.

Oxide of Silver Oxide of Silver _ " " Zinc " " Zinc After " " Cadmium After long " " Cadmium long " " Lead } continued " " Lead continued " " Bis.m.u.th blowing. " " Bis.m.u.th } blowing.

" " Antimony Otherwise grey. " " Antimony Otherwise " " Nickel / " " Nickel / grey.

Telluric Acid _/ Telluric Acid _/ --+--------------------------------------+-------------------------------- Yellow, red, and brown.

--+--------------------------------------+-------------------------------- Oxide of Iron, red Oxide of Iron.

t.i.tanic Acid, yellow Pelopic Acid, brown Pelopic Acid.

Ferruginous t.i.tanic Acid, blood red Ferruginous t.i.tanic Acid.

" Niobic " " " Niobic "

" Pelopic " " " Pelopic "

" Tungstic " " " Tungstic "

Vanadic Acid, brownish Oxide of Chromium, reddish --+--------------------------------------+-------------------------------- Violet or Amethyst.

--+--------------------------------------+-------------------------------- Niobic Acid in large proportion Niobic Acid in large proportion.

t.i.tanic Acid.

--+--------------------------------------+-------------------------------- Blue.

--+--------------------------------------+-------------------------------- Oxide of Cobalt Oxide of Cobalt.

Tungstic Acid Tungstic Acid.

Niobic Acid in very large proportion. Niobic Acid in very large proportion.

--+--------------------------------------+-------------------------------- Green.

--+--------------------------------------+-------------------------------- Oxide of Uranium Oxide of Uranium.

Molybdic Acid Molybdic Acid.

Vanadic "

Oxide of Chromium.

--+--------------------------------------+-------------------------------- Opaque-grey. (The opacity generally becomes distinct during cooling.) --+--------------------------------------+-------------------------------- Oxide of Silver Oxide of Silver.

" " Zinc " " Zinc.

" " Cadmium " " Cadmium.

" " Lead " " Lead.

" " Bis.m.u.th " " Bis.m.u.th.

" " Antimony " " Antimony.

" " Nickel " " Nickel.

Telluric Acid Telluric Acid.

--+--------------------------------------+-------------------------------- Opaque-red and reddish brown.

--+--------------------------------------+-------------------------------- Oxide of Copper Oxide of Copper.

TABLE II.

Metallic Oxides

1. Oxide of Cerium, C^{2}O^{3}.

Behavior with Borax on Platinum wire