The Approach to Philosophy Part 25

CHAPTER V, THE PHILOSOPHICAL CRITICISM OF SCIENCE.[434:A]

PLATO: _Republic_, Book VII, 526 ff. Translations by Jowett and Vaughan.

_Phaedo_, 96 ff. Translation by Jowett.

BERKELEY: _Alciphron_, the Fourth Dialogue. _Siris_, especially 234-264.

(On the failure of the scientist to grasp the deeper truth respecting causes and substances.)

DESCARTES: _Discourse on Method._ Translation by Veitch.

SPINOZA: _On the Improvement of the Understanding._ Translation by Elwes.

KANT: _Critique of Pure Reason--Transcendental aesthetic_ and _Transcendental a.n.a.lytic._ Translation by Max Muller. (Studies of the Method of Science.)

WARD, JAMES: _Naturalism and Agnosticism._ (Full but clear account of recent development of natural science, and criticism of its use as philosophy.)

MACH, ERNST: _Science of Mechanics._ (Historical and methodological.)

JAMES, WILLIAM: _Principles of Psychology_, Vol. II, Chap. xxviii.

(Emphasizes the practical interest underlying science.)

ROYCE, JOSIAH: _The World and the Individual, Second Series, Man and Nature._ (Interpretation of the province of natural science from the stand-point of absolute idealism.)

PEARSON, KARL: _The Grammar of Science._ (The limits of science from the scientific stand-point.)

CLIFFORD, W. K.: _Lectures and Essays: On the Aims and Instruments of Scientific Thought; The Philosophy of the Pure Sciences; On the Ethics of Belief._

HUXLEY, T. H.: _Method and Results._ (The positivistic position.)

MUENSTERBERG, HUGO: _Psychology and Life._ (Epistemological limitations of natural science applied to psychology, from idealistic stand-point.)

FULLERTON, G. E.: _A System of Metaphysics_, Part II.

TAYLOR, A. E.: _Elements of Metaphysics_, Book III.

CHAPTERS VI AND VII, THE SPECIAL PROBLEMS OF PHILOSOPHY.

PLATO: _Dialogues_, especially _Protagoras_ and _Theaetetus_.

Translation by Jowett. (The actual genesis of special problems.)

KUELPE, OSWALD: _Introduction to Philosophy._ Translation by Pillsbury and t.i.tchener. (Full and accurate account of the traditional terms and doctrines of philosophy.)

HIBBEN, J. G.: _Problems of Philosophy._ (Brief and elementary.)

SIDGWICK, HENRY: _Philosophy, its Scope and Relations._

PAULSEN, FRIEDRICH: _Introduction to Philosophy._ Translation by Thilly.

BALDWIN, J. M.: _Dictionary of Philosophy._ (Full, and convenient for reference.)

FERRIER, J. F.: _Lectures on Greek Philosophy._ (Interpretation of the beginning and early development of philosophy.)

BURNET, J.: _Early Greek Philosophy._ Translation of the sources.

FAIRBANKS, A.: _The First Philosophers of Greece._

GOMPERZ, TH.: _Greek Thinkers_, Vol. I. Translation by Magnus. (On the first development of philosophical problems.)

PALMER, G. H.: _The Field of Ethics._ (On the relations of the ethical problem.)

PUFFER, ETHEL: _The Psychology of Beauty._ (On the relations of the aesthetical problem.)

CHAPTER VIII, NATURALISM.[436:A]

LUCRETIUS: _On the Nature of Things._ Translation by Munro. (Early materialism.)

HOBBES: _Metaphysical System._ Edited by Calkins. _Leviathan_, Part I.

(Modern materialism.)

BUECHNER, LOUIS: _Force and Matter._ Translation by Collingwood.

(Nineteenth century materialism.)

JANET, PAUL: _Materialism of the Present Day._ Translation by Ma.s.son.

LANGE, F. A.: _History of Materialism._ Translation by Thomas.

HAECKEL, ERNST: _The Riddle of the Universe._ Translation by McCabe.

("Monism of Energy.")

CLIFFORD, W. K.: _Lectures and Essays: The Ethics of Belief; Cosmic Emotion; Body and Mind._ (Positivism.)

HUXLEY, T. H.: _Evolution and Ethics; Prolegomena._ (Distinguishes between the moral and natural.) _Science and Hebrew Tradition_; _Science and Christian Tradition_. (Controversies of the naturalist with Gladstone and Duke of Argyle.)

SPENCER, HERBERT: _First Principles._ (The systematic evolutionary philosophy.) _Principles of Ethics._ (Ethics of naturalism.) _The Nature and Reality of Religion._ (Controversy with Frederick Harrison.)

BALFOUR, A. J.: _Foundations of Belief_, Part I. (On the religious, moral, and aesthetic consequences of naturalism.)

PATER, WALTER: _Marius the Epicurean._ (Refined hedonism.)

ROMANES, G. J.: _Thoughts on Religion._ (Approached from stand-point of science.)