Epitome of the Pharmacopeia of the United States and the National Formulary Part 12

=a.r.s.eni Iodidum (a.r.s.en. Iod.), a.r.s.enous Iodide, U.S.P.= (a.r.s.enic Iodide).--AsI{3}.

An orange-red, odorless powder. Soluble in water (1:12) with partial decomposition; soluble in alcohol.

ACTION AND USES: Similar to those of a.r.s.enic trioxide, over which it has no advantage.

DOSAGE: 0.005 Gm. or 1/12 grain (U.S.P.).

_*Liquor a.r.s.eni et Hydrargyri Iodidi (Liq. a.r.s.en. et Hydrarg. Iod.), Solution of a.r.s.enous and Mercuric Iodide, U.S.P._ (Donovan's Solution).--a.r.s.enous iodide and red mercuric iodide (each 1%) in water.

DOSAGE: 0.1 Cc. or 1-1/2 minims (U.S.P.).

=*a.r.s.eni Trioxidum (a.r.s.en. Triox.), a.r.s.enic Trioxide, U.S.P.= (a.r.s.enous Acid, a.r.s.enous Oxide, White a.r.s.enic).--As{2}O{3}.

Amorphous, gla.s.sy ma.s.ses or white, crystalline ma.s.ses or powder.

Slowly soluble in water (about 1:100), slightly soluble in alcohol and ether and freely soluble in glycerine. Readily dissolved by hydrochloric acid or by alkaline solutions.

ACTION AND USES: Believed to modify nutrition. Used as tonic in anemias, nervous diseases, etc., in skin diseases and in some forms of malaria. Externally, a mild escharotic, but the danger of poisoning prevents its general use.

Likely to produce nephritis. A very common poison.

DOSAGE: 0.002 Gm. or 1/30 grain (U.S.P.), in pills or solutions.

_*Liquor Acidi a.r.s.enosi (Liq. Acid. a.r.s.en.), Solution of a.r.s.enous Acid, U.S.P._ (Hydrochloric Solution of a.r.s.enic, "Solution of a.r.s.enic Chloride").--a.r.s.enic trioxide (1%) in diluted hydrochloric acid (5%) and water.

DOSAGE: 0.2 Cc. or 3 minims.

=*Asafoetida (Asafoet.), Asafetida, U.S.P.= (Gum Asafetida).--A gum resin.

Should be 60% soluble in alcohol.

ACTION AND USES: Used as a carminative and also in the treatment of hysteria, the action being psychic.

DOSAGE: 0.25 Gm. or 4 grains (U.S.P.), in pills.

_Emulsum Asafoetidae (Emuls. Asafoet.), Emulsion of Asafetida, U.S.P._ (Milk of Asafetida).--Asafetida (4%) in water.

USES: Used especially as enema in tympanites.

DOSAGE: 15 Cc. or 4 fluidrachms (U.S.P.).

_Pilulae Asafoetidae (Pil. Asafoet.), Pills of Asafetida, U.S.P._--Each pill contains asafoetida (0.2 Gm. or 3 grains), and soap.

DOSAGE: 2 pills (U.S.P.).

_Tinctura Asafoetidae (Tr. Asafoet.), Tincture of Asafetida, U.S.P._--Asafetida (20%) in alcohol. Absolute alcohol content about 81 per cent.

DOSAGE: 1 Cc. or 15 minims (U.S.P.).

=Asarum (Asar.), Asarum, N.F.= (Canada Snake-Root. Wild Ginger).--Rhizome.

ACTION AND USES: Carminative and flavor; similar to but without advantage over ginger.

DOSAGE: 2 Gm. or 30 grains (N.F.).

_Syrupus Asari Compositus (Syr. Asar. Co.), Compound Syrup of Asarum, N.F._--Asarum (6.2%), fluidextract of ipecac (0.3%), alcohol, cochineal and pota.s.sium carbonate in syrup.

DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.).

=Asclepias (Asclep.), Asclepias, N.F.= (Pleurisy Root).

ACTION AND USES: Obsolete domestic remedy for pleurisy, also used as diaph.o.r.etic. Probably without value.

DOSAGE: 2 Gm. or 30 grains (N.F.).

_Fluidextractum Asclepiadis (Fldext. Asclepiad.), Fluidextract of Asclepias, N.F._--Asclepias (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 40 per cent.

DOSAGE: 2 Cc. or 30 minims (N.F.).

=*Aspidium (Aspidium), Aspidium, U.S.P.= (Male Fern).--The rhizome of certain ferns.

ACTION AND USES: Used as a teniacide in the form of oleoresin.

_*Oleoresina Aspidii (Oleores. Aspid.), Oleoresin of Aspidium, U.S.P._ (Oleoresin of Male Fern).

DOSAGE: 2 Gm. or 30 grains (total dose in a day, U.S.P.), which may be given singly or in repeated, divided doses, at intervals of fifteen minutes, in capsules containing 0.3 Gm. or 5 grains, or in emulsion. Larger doses may be given to robust persons. Special caution is necessary in giving it to anemic or debilitated persons. The patient should be prepared by a light diet or fasting for twenty-four hours. The drug should be given early in the morning, preceded by a saline cathartic, and the last dose followed in three hours by a saline laxative. Caution:--Castor oil or other fixed oils should not be used in connection with oleoresin of aspidium, as they favor the absorption of the active principle.

=Aspidosperma (Aspidosp.), Aspidosperma, U.S.P.= (Quebracho).--A bark.

ACTION AND USES: Has been recommended in dyspneic conditions. Value doubtful.

DOSAGE: 4 Gm. or 1 drachm (U.S.P.).

_Fluidextractum Aspidospermatis (Fldext. Aspidosp.), Fluidextract of Aspidosperma, U.S.P._ (Fluidextract of Quebracho).--Aspidosperma (100%).

Absolute alcohol content about 55 per cent.

DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (U.S.P.).

=*Atropina (Atrop.), Atropine, U.S.P.=--An alkaloid obtained from belladonna and some other plants of the nightshade family.

A white, odorless powder. Slightly soluble in water (1:455), but freely soluble in alcohol (1:2).

ACTION AND USES: Atropine and the related alkaloids paralyze the parasympathetic endings. They are used especially as mydriatics and cycloplegics, to suppress secretions, as in gastric hyperacidity, and to quicken the heart, regulate peristalsis, lessen bronchial spasm, etc.