Epitome of the Pharmacopeia of the United States and the National Formulary Part 64

DOSAGE: 1 Gm. or 15 grains (N.F.).

=Pimpinella (Pimpinell.), Pimpinella, N.F.= (Pimpernel Root).--Rhizome and roots.

ACTION AND USES: Formerly used as a diuretic, diaph.o.r.etic and stomachic. Now obsolete; no definite indications for its use.

DOSAGE: 1 Gm. or 15 grains.

_Tinctura Pimpinellae (Tr. Pimpinel.), Tincture of Pimpinella, N.F._--Pimpinella (20%) in alcohol and water. Absolute alcohol content about 60 per cent.

DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.).

=Pinus Alba (Pinus Alb.), White Pine Bark, N.F.=--Inner bark.

ACTION AND USES: Used as "expectorant" in proprietary cough syrups. Of doubtful value.

DOSAGE: 2 Gm. or 30 grains.

_Syrupus Pini Strobi Compositus (Syr. Pin. Strob. Co.), Compound Syrup of White Pine, N.F._--White pine bark and wild cherry (each 8.5%), aralia (1%), balsam poplar buds (1%), sanguinaria (0.8%), sa.s.safras (0.7%) and chloroform (0.6%) in glycerin, alcohol and syrup, colored with cudbear and flavored with oil of sa.s.safras. Absolute alcohol content about 12 per cent.

DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.).

_Syrupus Pini Strobi Compositus c.u.m Morphina._--See under =Morphinae Sulphas=.

=Piper (Piper), Pepper, U.S.P.= (Black Pepper).

ACTION AND USES: Sometimes used as carminative, generally in the form of the oleoresin, which is highly irritant.

DOSAGE: 0.5 Gm. or 8 grains (U.S.P.).

_Oleoresina Piperis (Oleores. Piper.), Oleoresin of Pepper, U.S.P._

DOSAGE: 0.03 Gm. or 1/2 grain (U.S.P.).

=*Pix Liquida (Pix Liq.), Tar, U.S.P.= (Pine Tar).--Obtained by the destructive distillation of pine wood.

A semiliquid viscid blackish-brown substance, with an empyreumatic odor and taste. Slightly soluble in water; miscible with alcohol.

ACTION AND USES: Externally, as antiseptic and stimulant in chronic diseases of the skin a.s.sociated with thickening and scaling. Internally, as irritant expectorant in subacute bronchitis.

DOSAGE: Internally, 0.5 Gm. or 8 grains (U.S.P.) as syrup. Externally, in ointment, at first from 2 to 4 per cent., later in higher strength.

_Glyceritum Picis Liquidae (Glycer. Pic. Liq.), Glycerite of Tar, N.F._--Tar (6.3%) in glycerin, alcohol and water. Absolute alcohol content about 12 per cent.

DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.).

_Liquor Picis Alkalinus (Liq. Pic. Alk.), Alkaline Solution of Tar, N.F._--Tar (25%), in pota.s.sium hydroxide (12.5%), and water.

_Syrupus Picis Liquidae (Syr. Pic. Liq.), Syrup of Tar, U.S.P._--Tar (0.5%) in alcohol, mixed with syrup. Absolute alcohol content about 5 per cent.

DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (U.S.P.).

_*Unguentum Picis Liquidae (Ung. Pic. Liq.), Tar Ointment, U.S.P._--Tar (50%), yellow wax and lard.

_Vinum Picis (Vin. Pic.), Wine of Tar, N.F._--Tar (10%) in alcohol and sherry wine. Absolute alcohol content about 29 per cent.

DOSAGE: 8 Cc. or 2 fluidrachms (N.F.).

=Pix Lithanthracis (Pix Lith.), Coal Tar, N.F.= (Pix Carbonis).--Obtained by the destructive distillation of coal.

Nearly black semisolid, with a characteristic naphthalene-like odor and a sharp, burning taste. Only slightly soluble in water; partially dissolved by alcohol.

ACTION AND USES: Antiseptic and irritant; used in skin diseases in the form of:

_Liquor Picis Carbonis (Liq. Pic. Carbon.), Coal Tar Solution, N.F._--Coal tar (20%), quillaja and alcohol. Absolute alcohol content about 75 per cent.

=*Plumbi Acetas (Plumb. Acet.), Lead Acetate, U.S.P.= (Sugar of Lead).--Pb(CH{3}COO){2} + 3H{2}O.

Colorless, s.h.i.+ning transparent crystals or heavy white crystalline ma.s.ses, efflorescent, with a faint vinegar odor and a sweetish, astringent, afterward metallic taste. Freely soluble in water (1:1.4) and soluble in alcohol (1:38).

ACTION AND USES: Seldom used internally for fear of lead poisoning. Externally, used as astringent lotion.

DOSAGE: 0.06 Gm. or 1 grain (U.S.P.).

_Lotio Plumbi et Opii (Lot. Plumb. et Opii), Lotion of Lead and Opium, N.F._ (Lead and Opium Wash).--A mixture of lead acetate (1.75%) and tincture of opium (3.5%) in water.

USES: A popular but irrational application, astringent and protective, but not a true anesthetic. The opium alkaloids are not absorbed to any appreciable extent through the unbroken skin.

=Plumbi Carbonas (Plumb. Carb.), Lead Carbonate, N.F.= (White Lead).--A mixture of lead carbonate and hydroxide.

Heavy, white, odorless, tasteless powder. Insoluble in alcohol or water.

ACTION AND USES: External protective and astringent, without marked advantage over zinc oxide or the bis.m.u.th preparations, but involving some danger of lead poisoning.

=Plumbi Iodidum (Plumb. Iod.), Lead Iodide, N.F.=--PbI{2}.

Heavy, bright yellow, odorless, tasteless powder. Very slightly soluble in water (1:1,300), and in alcohol.

ACTION AND USES: Has been used externally in the form of an ointment for application to glandular enlargement and for chronic joint enlargement. Its use is irrational.

_Unguentum Plumbi Iodidi (Ung. Plumb. Iod.), Ointment of Lead Iodide, N.F._--Lead iodide (10%), and benzoinated lard.