Epitome of the Pharmacopeia of the United States and the National Formulary Part 65

=Plumbi Oxidum (Plumb. Oxid.), Lead Oxide, U.S.P.= (Litharge).--PbO.

Heavy yellowish or reddish-yellow, odorless and tasteless powder or minute scales. Almost insoluble in water; insoluble in alcohol.

ACTION AND USES: Used to make pharmaceutical preparations.

_Emplastrum Plumbi (Emp. Plumb.), Lead Plaster, U.S.P._ (Diachylon Plaster).--Lead oleate obtained by heating a mixture of lead oxide, olive oil and lard.

USES: Used in plaster ma.s.ses and as a basis for diachylon ointment.

_Unguentum Diachylon (Ung. Diachyl.), Diachylon Ointment, U.S.P._--Lead plaster (50%), oil of lavender and white petrolatum.

=Plumbi Oxidum Rubrum (Plumb. Oxid. Rub.), Red Oxide of Lead, N.F.= (Red Lead).--Chiefly Pb{3}O{4}.

Heavy, odorless, tasteless red powder. Almost insoluble in water; insoluble in alcohol.

ACTION AND USES: Similar to those of =Plumbi Carbonas=.

=Plumbi Subacetas, Lead Subacetate.=

ACTION AND USES: Astringent; used externally in the form of the following preparations:

_Ceratum Plumbi Subacetatis (Cerat. Plumb. Subacet.), Cerate of Lead Subacetate, N.F._ (Goulard's Cerate).--A mixture of solution of lead subacetate (20%), camphor (2%), wool fat, white wax, and white petrolatum.

_*Liquor Plumbi Subacetatis (Liq. Plumb. Subacet.), Solution of Lead Subacetate, U.S.P._ (Goulard's Extract).--Contains lead subacetate corresponding to about 18 per cent. of lead, Pb.

_Liquor Plumbi Subacetatis Dilutus (Liq. Plumb. Subacet. Dil.), Diluted Solution of Lead Subacetate, U.S.P._ (Lead Water).--Solution of lead subacetate (4%) with water.

=*Podophyllum (Podoph.), Podophyllum, U.S.P.= (Mandrake, May Apple Rhizome).--Yields not less than 3 per cent. of resin.

ACTION AND USES: See the resin, below.

_Extractum Podophyllum (Ext. Podophyl.), Extract of Podophyllum, N.F._--A hydro-alcoholic extract.

DOSAGE: 0.015 Gm. or 1/4 grain (N.F.).

_Fluidextractum Podophylli (Fldext. Podophyll.), Fluidextract of Podophyllum, U.S.P._--Podophyllum (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 80 per cent.

DOSAGE: 0.5 Cc. or 8 minims (U.S.P.).

_*Resina Podophylli (Res. Podoph.), Resin of Podophyllum, U.S.P._ (Podophyllin).--The resin from podophyllum.

USES: Slow but effective and rather irritant cathartic.

DOSAGE: 0.01 Gm. or 1/6 grain (U.S.P.).

=Populi Gemmae (Pop. Gem.), Balsam Poplar Buds, N.F.= (Balm of Gilead Buds).

ACTION AND USES: Similar to but without advantage over cubeb or turpentine. Used almost exclusively in proprietary medicines and imitations.

=Pota.s.sae Chlorinata, Chlorinated Pota.s.sa.=

_Liquor Pota.s.sae Chlorinatae (Liq. Pot. Chlorinat.), Solution of Chlorinated Pota.s.sa, N.F._ (Liquor Pota.s.sae Chlorate, Javelle Water).--Pota.s.sium carbonate (5.8%), chlorinated lime (8%) and water.

ACTION AND USES: Same as those of Liquor Sodae Chlorinatae, which see under =Soda Chlorinata=.

=Pota.s.sa Sulphurata (Pot. Sulphurat.), Sulphurated Pota.s.sa, U.S.P.= (Liver of Sulphur).--Chiefly pota.s.sium polysulphides and pota.s.sium thiosulphate.

Irregular pieces, at first liver-brown, later greenish-yellow to gray, with a strong hydrogen sulphide odor and a bitter, acrid, alkaline taste. Very soluble in water; alcohol dissolves only the sulphides. Incompatible with acids and the salts of the heavy metals.

ACTION AND USES: Employed as a parasiticide and to stimulate and soften the skin in chronic cutaneous diseases.

=*Pota.s.sii Acetas (Pot. Acet.), Pota.s.sium Acetate, U.S.P.=--KCH{3}COO.

White, odorless or nearly odorless powder or crystalline ma.s.ses with a warming, saline taste. Freely soluble in water (1:0.5) and in alcohol (1:2.9).

ACTION AND USES: Systemic alkali and diuretic, practically equivalent to sodium acetate. It can easily be administered in water and milk, so that there appears to be little excuse for the alcoholic elixirs.

DOSAGE: 1 Gm. or 15 grains (U.S.P.).

_Elixir Pota.s.sii Acetatis (Elix. Pot. Acet.), Elixir of Pota.s.sium Acetate, N.F._--Pota.s.sium acetate (8.5%), and aromatic elixir. Absolute alcohol content about 20 per cent.

DOSAGE: 15 Cc. or 4 fluidrachms (N.F.).

_Elixir Pota.s.sii Acetatis et Juniperi (Elix. Pot. Acet. et Junip.), Elixir of Pota.s.sium Acetate and Juniper, N.F._--Pota.s.sium acetate (8.5%), fluidextract of juniper (12.5%) and aromatic elixir. Absolute alcohol content about 23 per cent.

DOSAGE: 15 Cc. or 4 fluidrachms (N.F.).

=Pota.s.sii a.r.s.enas, Pota.s.sium a.r.s.enate.=

_Liquor a.r.s.enicalis Clemens (Liq. Ars. Clemens), Clemens' Solution of a.r.s.enic, N.F._ (Liquor Pota.s.si a.r.s.enatis et Bromidi, N.F. III, Solution of Pota.s.sium a.r.s.enate and Bromides).--Contains pota.s.sium a.r.s.enate corresponding to about 1 per cent. of a.r.s.enic trioxide, As{2}O{3}.

USES: A superfluous a.r.s.enic solution.

DOSAGE: 0.2 Cc. or 3 minims (N.F.).

=Pota.s.sii a.r.s.enis, Pota.s.sium a.r.s.enite.=

_*Liquor Pota.s.sii a.r.s.enitis (Liq. Pot. a.r.s.en.), Solution of Pota.s.sium a.r.s.enite, U.S.P._ (Fowler's Solution, Liquor a.r.s.enicalis, Liquor a.r.s.enicalis Fowleri, P.I.).--a.r.s.enic trioxide (1%) and pota.s.sium bicarbonate (2%) in compound tincture of lavender and water. Contains pota.s.sium a.r.s.enite corresponding to 1 per cent. of As{2}O{3}.