Epitome of the Pharmacopeia of the United States and the National Formulary Part 7

_Tinctura Aloes (Tr. Aloes), Tincture of Aloes, U.S.P._--Aloes (10%) and glycyrrhiza in diluted alcohol. Absolute alcohol content about 47 per cent.

DOSAGE: 2 Cc. or 30 minims (U.S.P.).

_Tinctura Aloes et Myrrhae (Tr. Aloe. et Myrrh.), Tincture of Aloes and Myrrh, N.F._--Represents aloes and myrrh (each 10%) and glycyrrhiza in alcohol and water. Absolute alcohol content about 70 per cent.

USES: Disagreeable cathartic.

DOSAGE: 2 Cc. or 30 minims (N.F.).

=*Aloinum (Aloin.), Aloin, U.S.P.=--Obtained from aloes.

A yellow, odorless, intensely bitter powder. Slightly soluble in water and soluble in alcohol.

ACTION AND USES: Similar to those of aloes; is more easily absorbed, and has sometimes produced renal irritation.

DOSAGE: 0.015 Gm. or 1/4 grain (U.S.P.), as pills. In chronic constipation, frequently given in doses of from 0.006 Gm. to 0.02 Gm., or 1/12 to 1/3 grain in combination with extract of belladonna and strychnine.

_Pilulae Aloini Compositae (Pil. Aloin. Co.), Compound Pills of Aloin, N.F._--Each pill contains aloin (0.0325 Gm. or 1/2 grain), resin of podophyllum (0.008 Gm. or 1/8 grain), and pilular extract of belladonna leaves (0.016 Gm. or 1/4 grain).

DOSAGE: 1 pill (N.F.).

_Pilulae Aloini, Strychninae et Belladonnae (Pil. A.S. et B.), Pills of Aloin, Strychnine and Belladonna, N.F._--Each pill contains aloin (0.013 Gm. or 1/5 grain), strychnine (0.5 mg. or 1/120 grain) and pilular extract of belladonna leaves (0.008 Gm. or 1/8 grain).

DOSAGE: 1 pill (N.F.).

_Pilulae Aloini, Strychninae et Belladonnae Compositae (Pil. A.S. et B.

Co.), Compound Pills of Aloin, Strychnine and Belladonna, N.F._--Each pill contains aloin (0.013 Gm. or 1/5 grain), strychnine (0.5 mg. or 1/120 grain), pilular extract of belladonna leaves (0.008 Gm. or 1/8 grain) and extract of cascara sagrada (0.0325 Gm. or 1/2 grain).

USES: Needlessly complex mixture.

DOSAGE: 1 pill (N.F.).

_Pilulae Laxativae Compositae (Pil. Lax. Co.), Compound Laxative Pills, N.F._--Each pill contains aloin (0.013 Gm. or 1/5 grain), strychnine (0.5 mg. or 1/120 grain), pilular extract of belladonna leaves (0.008 Gm. or 1/8 grain) and ipecac (0.004 Gm. or 1/15 grain) with glycyrrhiza and syrup.

USES: Complex and superfluous preparation of aloin.

DOSAGE: 2 pills (N.F.).

=Althaea (Althaea), Althaea, U.S.P.= (Marsh Mallow Root).

ACTION AND USES: Demulcent and emollient; without advantages over other drugs of the same kind, such as chondrus, tragacanth, slippery elm and flaxseed.

_Species Pectorales (Spec. Pect.), Pectoral Species, N.F._ (Species ad Infusum Pectorale, Breast Tea).--Althaea, coltsfoot, glycyrrhiza, anise, mullein flowers and orris root.

DOSAGE: 4 Gm. or 1 drachm (N.F.).

_Syrupus Althaeae (Syr. Althae.), Syrup of Althaea, N.F._--Althaea (5%) with alcohol, glycerin and sugar in water. Absolute alcohol content about 2.5 per cent.

DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.).

=Althaeae Folia (Althae. Fol.), Althaea Leaves, N.F.= (Marsh Mallow Leaves).

ACTION AND USES: Domestic demulcent and emollient; inferior for internal use to gums and for poultices to flaxseed.

DOSAGE: 2 Gm. or 30 grains (N.F.).

_Species Emollientes (Spec. Emoll.), Emollient Species, N.F._ (Emollient Cataplasm).--Althaea leaves, mallow leaves, melilot, matricaria and flaxseed. Emollient poultice is made by adding a suitable quant.i.ty of hot water to this powder.

=*Alumen (Alum.), Alum, U.S.P.=--AlNH{4}(SO{4}){2} + 12H{2}O or AlK(SO{4}){2} + 12H{2}O. (The physician may indicate whether ammonium alum or pota.s.sium alum is desired.)

Colorless crystals or white powder, odorless and possessing a strongly astringent taste. Ammonium alum is somewhat less soluble in water than is pota.s.sium alum, which is freely soluble in water (1:7.2); both are insoluble in alcohol.

ACTION AND USES: Astringent, styptic and hemostatic.

Seldom administered internally.

DOSAGE: As a gargle, in from 1 to 5 per cent. solution (somewhat injurious to the teeth); as an injection in gonorrhea, in from 0.5 to 1 per cent. solution; as a lotion in skin diseases, in 1 per cent. solution.

_*Alumen Exsiccatum (Alum. Exsic.), Exsiccated Alum, U.S.P._ (Alumen Ustum, Dried Alum, Burnt Alum).--Anhydrous AlNH{4}(SO{4}){2} or anhydrous AlK(SO{4}){2}. (The composition of the desired salt may be indicated.)

White, odorless powder, with an astringent taste. Very slowly soluble in water (1:14); insoluble in alcohol.

ACTION AND USES: Used externally like alum, being more escharotic.

=*Alumini Acetas, Aluminum Acetate.=--Normal aluminum acetate, Al(C{2}H{3}O{2}){3}.

_Liquor Alumini Acetatis (Liq. Alumin. Acet.), Solution of Aluminum Acetate, N.F._ (Liquor Burowii, Burow's Solution).--Contains normal aluminum acetate, Al(C{2}H{3}O{2}){3} (about 5%).

USES: Popular astringent wash.

DOSAGE: Usually diluted with 15 parts of water

=Alumini Acetico-Tartras, Aluminum Acetico-Tartrate.=

_Liquor Alumini Acetico-Tartratis (Liq. Alumin. Acet.-Tart.), Solution of Aluminum Acetico-Tartrate, N.F._--A solution of aluminum acetate and tartrate obtained by dissolving aluminum hydroxide in a mixture of acetic and tartaric acids.

=Alumini Chloridum (Alum. Chlor.), Aluminum Chloride, N.F.=--AlCl{3} + 6H{2}O.

A nearly white deliquescent powder, with a sweetish, astringent taste. Freely soluble in water (1:1) and in alcohol (1:3).

ACTION AND USES: Antiseptic and astringent, without advantage over alum.

DOSAGE: 0.3 Gm. or 5 grains (N.F.).