Epitome of the Pharmacopeia of the United States and the National Formulary Part 8

=Alumini Hydroxidum (Alum. Hydrox.), Aluminum Hydroxide, U.S.P.=--Al(OH){3}.

A white, bulky, odorless and tasteless powder. Insoluble in water and in alcohol.

ACTION AND USES: Mild astringent and desiccant, sometimes used as a dusting powder.

=Alumini Subacetas, Aluminum Subacetate.=--Basic aluminum acetate, Al(C{2}H{3}O{2}){2}OH.

_*Liquor Alumini Subacetatis (Liq. Alumin. Subacet.), Solution of Aluminum Subacetate, N.F._ (Liquor Alumini Acetatis, N.F.

III).--Contains basic aluminum acetate, Al(C{2}H{3}O{2}){2}OH (about 8%).

USES: Astringent wash.

DOSAGE: Usually diluted with ten parts of water.

=Alumini Sulphas (Alum. Sulph.), Aluminum Sulphate, N.F.=--Al{2}(SO{4}){3} + 16H{2}O.

A white, odorless powder, with an astringent taste. Freely soluble in water (1:1), but insoluble in alcohol.

ACTION AND USES: Similar to and without advantage over alum.

=*Ammonia (NH{3}).=

_*Aqua Ammoniae (Aq. Ammon.), Ammonia Water, U.S.P._--NH{3} (about 10%) in water.

A liquid with a strong odor and a caustic, soapy taste. Loses NH{3} readily. Miscible with water or alcohol.

USES: Local irritant and antacid, preferably as a liniment.

Fugacious indirect circulatory and respiratory stimulant.

_Aqua Ammoniae Fortior (Aq. Ammon. Fort.), Stronger Ammonia Water, U.S.P._--NH{3} (about 28%) in water.

Loses NH{3} very readily. Miscible with water or alcohol.

_*Linimentum Ammoniae (Lin. Ammon.), Ammonia Liniment, U.S.P._ (Volatile Liniment, Hartshorn Liniment).--Ammonia water (25%) in sesame oil.

USES: Popularly used as counterirritant.

_Lotio Ammoniacalis Camphorata (Lot. Ammon. Camph.), Ammoniated Camphor Wash, N.F._ (Aqua Sedativa, N.F. III, Sedative Water, Eau Sedative de Raspail).--Ammonia water (6%) and spirit of camphor (1%), in sodium chloride and water.

USES: Counterirritant.

_Spiritus Ammoniae Anisatus (Sp. Ammon. Anis.), Anisated Spirit of Ammonia, N.F._ (Liquor Ammoniae Anisatus, Anisated Solution of Ammonia).--Ammonia water (20%) with anethol, in alcohol. Absolute alcohol content about 70 per cent.

USES: Aromatic carminative preparation.

DOSAGE: 1 Cc. or 15 minims (N.F.).

=Ammonii Acetas, Ammonium Acetate.=--NH{4}C{2}H{3}O{2}.

_Liquor Ammonii Acetatis (Liq. Ammon. Acet.), Solution of Ammonium Acetate, U.S.P._ (Spirit of Mindererus).--Contains NH{4}C{2}H{3}O{2} (not less than 7%).

USES: Diaph.o.r.etic and diuretic in fevers; of doubtful value.

DOSAGE: 15 Cc. or 4 fluidrachms (U.S.P.).

_Liquor Ferri et Ammonii Acetatis (Liq. Ferr. et Ammon. Acet.), Solution of Iron and Ammonium Acetate, U.S.P._ (Basham's Mixture).

USES: An antiquated preparation, without the special advantages generally ascribed to it. Iron and acetates are better prescribed separately.

DOSAGE: 15 Cc. or 4 fluidrachms (U.S.P.).

=Ammonii Benzoas (Ammon. Benz.), Ammonium Benzoate, U.S.P.=

A white, odorless or nearly odorless powder, with a bitterish taste. Very soluble in water (1:10) and soluble in alcohol (1:35).

Incompatible with acids, fixed alkalies and ferric salts.

ACTION AND USES: Resembles sodium benzoate in its action but is more irritant and has no advantage over it.

DOSAGE: 1 Gm. or 15 grains (U.S.P.), in solution

=Ammonii Bromidum (Ammon. Brom.), Ammonium Bromide, U.S.P.=--NH{4}Br.

A white, odorless powder with a pungent saline taste. Incompatible with nitrous ether.

ACTION AND USES: Those of the bromides; more irritant than pota.s.sium bromide, over which it has no advantage.

DOSAGE: 1 Gm. or 15 grains (U.S.P.) in solution.

_Elixir Ammonii Bromidi (Elix. Ammon. Brom.), Elixir of Ammonium Bromide, N.F._--Ammonium bromide (8.5%), syrup, distilled water and aromatic elixir. Absolute alcohol content about 5 per cent.

DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm.

_Elixir Trium Bromidorum (Elix. Tri. Brom.), Elixir of Three Bromides, N.F._--Ammonium bromide, pota.s.sium bromide and sodium bromide (each 8%), with cudbear and compound elixir of almond. Absolute alcohol content about 4 per cent.

USES: An irrational bromide mixture, as there is no good evidence that the bases influence the bromide action materially.

DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.).

=*Ammonii Carbonas (Ammon. Carb.), Ammonium Carbonate, U.S.P.=--A mixture of ammonium bicarbonate and ammonium carbamate, yielding about 31 per cent. of NH{3}.