Epitome of the Pharmacopeia of the United States and the National Formulary Part 9

White, hard, translucent ma.s.ses, with a strong ammoniacal odor and a sharp, ammoniacal taste. Very soluble in water; alcohol dissolves the carbamate and leaves the bicarbonate.

ACTION AND USES: Alkaline and nauseant liquefying expectorant used in cough mixtures; also as reflex "diffusible"

stimulant in smelling salts.

DOSAGE: 0.3 Gm. or 5 grains (U.S.P.) in solution.

_Mistura Pectoralis Stokes (Mist. Pect. Stokes), Stokes' Expectorant, N.F._--Ammonium carbonate (1.75%), fluidextracts of senega and squill (each 3.5%), camphorated tincture of opium (17.5%), water and syrup of tolu. Absolute alcohol content about 10 per cent.

USES: Irrational expectorant mixture.

DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.).

_*Spiritus Ammoniae Aromaticus (Sp. Ammon. Arom.), Aromatic Spirit of Ammonia, U.S.P._--Ammonium carbonate (3.4%), ammonia water (9%) and oils of lemon, lavender and myristica in alcohol and distilled water.

Absolute alcohol content about 68 per cent.

USES: Useful aromatic alkali and carminative in flatulence, colic, etc.

DOSAGE: 2 Cc. or 30 minims (U.S.P.).

=*Ammonii Chloridum (Ammon. Chlor.), Ammonium Chloride, U.S.P.=--NH{4}Cl.

A white, odorless powder, with a saline taste. Freely soluble in water (1:2.6) and soluble in alcohol (1:100).

ACTION AND USES: Liquefying expectorant; used in cough mixtures, and in the treatment of inflammation of the air-pa.s.sages.

DOSAGE: 0.3 Gm. or 5 grains (U.S.P.), in solution or lozenges.

_Mistura Ammonii Chloridi (Mist. Ammon. Chlor.), Mixture of Ammonium Chloride, N.F._ (Mistura Solvens Simplex).--Ammonium chloride (2.5%) and pure extract of glycyrrhiza in water.

DOSAGE: 8 Cc. or 2 fluidrachms (N.F.).

_Trochisci Ammonii Chloridi (Troch. Ammon. Chlor.), Troches of Ammonium Chloride, U.S.P._--Each troche contains ammonium chloride (0.1 Gm.) with extract of glycyrrhiza, tragacanth and sugar, flavored with syrup of tolu.

=Ammonii Citras, Ammonium Citrate.=

_Liquor Ammonii Citratis (Liq. Ammon. Cit.), Solution of Ammonium Citrate, N.F._--Ammonium citrate (14.47%) in water.

DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.).

_Ammonii Hypophosphis (Ammon. Hypophos.), Ammonium Hypophosphite, N.F._--NH{4}H{2}PO{2}.

Colorless plates or white powder, odorless, with a saline, bitter taste. Very soluble in water (1:1) and soluble in alcohol (1:20).

ACTION AND USES: Similar to but without material advantage over ammonium chloride.

DOSAGE: 0.2 Gm. or 3 grains (N.F.).

_Syrupus Ammonii Hypophosphitis (Syr. Ammon. Hypophos.), Syrup of Ammonium Hypophosphite, N.F._--Ammonium hypophosphite (3.5%) and diluted hypophosphorous acid, flavored with compound spirit of vanillin, in water, glycerin and syrup.

DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.)

=Ammonii Iodidum (Ammon. Iod.), Ammonium Iodide, U.S.P.=--NH{4}I.

White, odorless powder, with a saline taste. Freely soluble in water (1:0.6), in alcohol (1:3.7) and in glycerin (1:1.5).

ACTION AND USES: Those of the iodides. More irritant and less stable than sodium or pota.s.sium iodide, over which it has no advantage.

DOSAGE: 0.3 Gm. or 5 grains (U.S.P.), in solution.

_Linimentum Ammonii Iodidi (Lin. Ammon. Iod.), Liniment of Ammonium Iodide, N.F._--Ammonium iodide (about 0.5%) with oil of rosemary, oil of lavender, camphor, ammonia water and alcohol.

USES: Irrational preparation.

=Ammonii Phosphas (Ammon. Phos.), Ammonium Phosphate, N.F.=--A mixture of (NH{4}){2}HPO{4} and NH{4}H{2}PO{4}.

Colorless crystals or white powder. Freely soluble in water (1:4), but insoluble in alcohol.

ACTION AND USES: Similar to but without advantage over sodium phosphate.

DOSAGE: 0.3 Gm. or 5 grains (N.F.).

=Ammonii Salicylas (Ammon. Salicyl.), Ammonium Salicylate, U.S.P.=

White, odorless crystals or powder with a bitterish taste. Very soluble in water (1:1) and in alcohol (1:3). Incompatible with acids and fixed alkalies.

ACTION AND USES: Those of salicylates; without advantage over sodium salicylate.

DOSAGE: 0.5 Gm. or 8 grains (U.S.P.), in solution.

=Ammonii Valeras (Ammon. Valer.), Ammonium Valerate, U.S.P.= (Ammonium Valerianate).--Of variable composition.

White plates, with a valerian odor and a sharp, sweetish taste.

Very soluble in water (1:0.3) and in alcohol (1:0.6).

ACTION AND USES: Sedative in hysteria, depending on the valeric odor. Not very effective.

DOSAGE: 0.5 Gm. or 8 grains (U.S.P.).

_Elixir Ammonii Valeratis (Elix. Ammon. Valer.), Elixir of Ammonium Valerate, N.F._ (Elixir Ammonii Valerianatis, N.F. III).--Ammonium valerate (3.5%) in red elixir. Absolute alcohol content about 20 per cent.

DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm. The alcohol content should be borne in mind.