Epitome of the Pharmacopeia of the United States and the National Formulary Part 82

DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.)

=*Stramonium (Stramon.), Stramonium, U.S.P.= (Jamestown Weed, Jimson Weed).--Leaves, containing not less than 0.25 per cent. of alkaloids.

ACTION AND USES: Similar to those of belladonna, over which it has no advantage. Often used in "asthma powders."

DOSAGE: 0.06 Gm. or 1 grain (U.S.P.).

_Extractum Stramonii (Ext. Stramon.), Extract of Stramonium, U.S.P._--Two forms: Pilular extract of stramonium and powdered extract of stramonium. One Gm. of extract represents about 4 Gm. of stramonium and yields about 1 per cent. of alkaloids.

DOSAGE: 0.01 Gm. or 1/6 grain (U.S.P.).

_Fluidextractum Stramonii (Fldext. Stramon.), Fluidextract of Stramonium, N.F._--Stramonium (100%), yielding about 0.25 per cent. of alkaloids. Absolute alcohol content about 55 per cent.

DOSAGE: 0.05 Cc. or 1 minim (N.F.).

_Tinctura Stramonii (Tr. Stramon.), Tincture of Stramonium, U.S.P._--Stramonium (10%), yielding about 0.025 per cent. of stramonium alkaloids. Absolute alcohol content about 40 per cent.

DOSAGE: 0.5 Cc. or 8 minims (U.S.P.).

_Unguentum Stramonii (Ung. Stramon.), Stramonium Ointment, U.S.P._--Pilular extract of stramonium (10%), diluted alcohol, hydrous wool fat and benzoinated lard.

=Strontii Bromidum (Stront. Brom.), Strontium Bromide, U.S.P.=--SrBr{2} + 6H{2}O.

Colorless, odorless crystals, having a bitter, saline taste. Very soluble in water (1:0.35); soluble in alcohol.

ACTION AND USES: Similar to those of sodium bromide over which it has no definite advantage.

DOSAGE: 1 Gm. or 15 grains (U.S.P.)

=Strontii Carbonas (Stront. Carb.), Strontium Carbonate, N.F.=--SrCO{3}.

White, odorless, tasteless powder. Insoluble in water and in alcohol. Decomposed by acids.

ACTION AND USES: Of use only in the making of soluble salts of strontium

=Strontii Iodidum (Stront. Iod.), Strontium Iodide, U.S.P.=--SrI{2} + 6H{2}O.

Colorless crystals or white powder or crystalline crusts, turning yellow on exposure to light; odorless, deliquescent and having a bitter saline taste. Very soluble in water (1:0.2); somewhat less soluble in alcohol.

ACTION AND USES: Similar to, but without definite advantage over pota.s.sium iodide.

DOSAGE: 0.3 Gm. or 5 grains (U.S.P.)

=Strontii Salicylas (Stront. Salicyl.), Strontium Salicylate, U.S.P.=--Sr(C{6}H{4}.OH.COO){2} + 2H{2}O.

White, odorless powder, having a somewhat sweet, saline taste.

Soluble in water (1:19) and in alcohol (1:61).

ACTION AND USES: Identical with those of sodium salicylate, over which it has no advantage.

DOSAGE: 1 Gm. or 15 grains (U.S.P.)

=*Strophanthinum (Strophanthin.), Strophanthin, U.S.P.=--A glucoside or mixture of glucosides obtained from strophanthus.

White or yellowish powder. Very soluble in water and in diluted alcohol.

ACTION AND USES: Like those of digitalis. Strophanthin acts more rapidly and is excreted sooner, but its absorption from the alimentary ca.n.a.l is so variable that its administration by mouth is inadvisable.

DOSAGE: Daily by mouth, 0.001 Gm. or 1/60 grain (U.S.P.); intravenous, 0.00075 Gm. or 1/80 grain (U.S.P.).

Caution should be used if patient has been taking digitalis

=*Strophanthus (Strophanth.), Strophanthus, U.S.P.=--Ripe seeds.

ACTION AND USES: Strophanthus and tincture of strophanthus have properties similar to those of the glucoside strophanthin. The absorption of strophanthus from the alimentary ca.n.a.l is so variable that administration by mouth is not advisable.

DOSAGE: 0.06 Gm. or 1 grain (U.S.P.).

_*Tinctura Strophanthi (Tr. Strophanth.), Tincture of Strophanthus, U.S.P._ (Strophanthi Tinctura, P.I.).--Strophanthus (10%) with the oil removed. Biologically a.s.sayed by producing death in frogs. Absolute alcohol content about 92 per cent.

DOSAGE: 0.5 Cc. or 8 minims (U.S.P.). Physicians who prescribe it should specify the biologically a.s.sayed preparation.

=Strychnina (Strych.), Strychnine, U.S.P.=--An alkaloid obtained from nux vomica.

Colorless, odorless crystals or white powder. Extremely bitter in very dilute solutions. Very slightly soluble in water (1:6420) and slightly soluble in alcohol (1:136).

ACTION AND USES: Stimulates the reflex activity of the spinal cord, but produces little or no effect on the higher nervous centers; is also used as a bitter tonic, generally in the form of a preparation of nux vomica.

As strychnine is so slightly soluble, it is generally prescribed as one of its salts. Of these, the nitrate meets every need.

DOSAGE: 0.0015 Gm. or 1/40 grain (U.S.P.).

_Elixir Pepsini, Bis.m.u.thi et Strychninae (Elix. Pepsin. Bism. et Strych.), Elixir of Pepsin, Bis.m.u.th and Strychnine, N.F._--Strychnine (0.0175%), tartaric acid, and elixir of pepsin and bis.m.u.th. Absolute alcohol content about 10 per cent.

USES: An irrational preparation.

DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.).

_Pilulae Antidyspepticae (Pil. Antidyspep.), Antidyspeptic Pills, N.F._--Each pill contains strychnine (0.0016 Gm., or 1/40 grain), ipecac and pilular extract of belladonna leaves (each 0.0065 Gm., or 1/10 grain), ma.s.s of mercury, and compound extract of colocynth (each 0.13 Gm., or 2 grains).

USES: An objectionably named and misdirected mixture.