The World Peril of 1910 Part 15

The British Channel Fleet, even not counting the a.s.sistance of the terrible _Ithuriel_, was the most powerful squadron that had ever put to sea under a single command. The main line of battle consisted of the flags.h.i.+p _Britain_, and seven s.h.i.+ps of the _King Edward_ cla.s.s, _King Edward the Seventh_, _Dominion_, _Commonwealth_, _Hindustan_, _New Zealand_, _Canada_ and _Newfoundland_; all over sixteen thousand tons, and of nineteen knots speed. With the exception of the giant flags.h.i.+ps, of which there were five in existence--the _Britain_, _England_, _Ireland_, _Scotland_ and _Wales_--and two nineteen thousand ton monsters which had just been completed for j.a.pan, these were the fastest and most heavily-armed battles.h.i.+ps afloat.

The second line was composed of the armoured cruisers, _Duke of Edinburgh_, _Black Prince_, _Henry the Fourth_, _Warwick_, _Edward the Third_, _Cromwell_, all of over thirteen thousand tons, and twenty-two knots speed; the _Drake_, _King Alfred_, _Leviathan_ and _Good Hope_, of over fourteen thousand tons and twenty-four knots speed; and the reconstructed _Powerful_, and _Terrible_, of fourteen thousand tons and twenty-two knots. There was, of course, the usual swarm of destroyers and torpedo boats; and in addition must be counted the ten cruisers, ten destroyers, and fifteen torpedo boats, which had escaped from Spithead and the Solent. These had already formed a junction with the left wing of the British force.

For nearly two hours the two great fleets slowly approached each other almost at a right angle. As the grey dawn of the November morning began to steal over the calm blue-grey water, they came in plain sight of each other, and at once the signal flew from the foreyard of the _Britain_, "Prepare for action--battles.h.i.+ps will cross front column of line ahead--cruisers will engage cruisers individually at discretion of Commanders--destroyers will do their worst."

CHAPTER XV

THE STRIFE OF GIANTS

As it happened, it was a fine, cold wintry day that dawned as the two great fleets drew towards each other. As Denis Castellan said, "It was a perfect jewel of a day for a holy fight," and so it was. The French fleet was advancing at twelve knots. Admiral Beresford made his fifteen, and led the line in the _Britain_. Erskine had been ordered to go to the rear of the French line and sink any destroyer or torpedo boat that he could get hold of, but to let the battles.h.i.+ps and cruisers alone, unless he saw a British wars.h.i.+p hard pressed, in which case he was to ram and sink the enemy if he could.

One division of cruisers, consisting of the fastest and most powerful armoured vessels, was to make a half-circle two miles in the rear of the French Fleet. The s.h.i.+ps selected for this service were the _Duke of Edinburgh_, _Warwick_, _Edward III._, _Cromwell_ and _King Alfred_.

Outside them, two miles again to the rear, the _Leviathan_, _Good Hope_, _Powerful_ and _Terrible_, the fastest s.h.i.+ps in the Fleet, were to take their station to keep off stragglers.

For the benefit of the non-nautical reader, it will be as well to explain here the two princ.i.p.al formations in which modern fleets go into action. As a matter of fact, they are identical with the tactics employed by the French and Spanish on the one side and Nelson on the other during the Napoleonic wars. Before Nelson's time, it was the custom for two hostile fleets to engage each other in column of line abreast, which means that both fleets formed a double line which approached each other within gunshot, and then opened fire.

At Trafalgar, Nelson altered these tactics completely, with results that everybody knows. The allied French and Spanish fleets came up in a crescent, just in the same formation as Admiral Durenne was advancing on Portsmouth. Nelson took his s.h.i.+ps into action in column of line ahead, in other words, in single file, the head of the column aiming for the centre of the enemy's battle line.

The main advantage of this was, first, that it upset the enemy's combination, and, secondly, that each s.h.i.+p could engage two, since she could work both broadsides at once, whereas the enemy could only work one broadside against one s.h.i.+p. These were the tactics which, with certain modifications made necessary by the increased mobility on both sides, Lord Beresford adopted.

With one exception, no foreigner had ever seen the new cla.s.s of British flags.h.i.+p, and that exception, as we know, was safely locked up on board the _Ithuriel_, and his reports were even now being carefully considered by the Naval Council.

There are no braver men on land and sea than the officers and crews of the French Navy, but when the giant bulk of the _Britain_ loomed up out of the westward in the growing light, gradually gathering way with her stately train of nineteen-knot battles.h.i.+ps behind her, and swept down in front of the French line, many a heart stood still for the moment, and many a man asked himself what the possibilities of such a Colossus of the ocean might be.

They had not long to wait. As the British battles.h.i.+ps came on from the left with ever-increasing speed, the whole French line burst into a tornado of thunder and flame, but not a shot was fired from the English lines. Sh.e.l.ls hurtled and screamed through the air, topworks were smashed into sc.r.a.p-iron, funnels riddled, and military masts demolished; but until the _Britain_ reached the centre of the French line not a British gun spoke.

Then the giant swung suddenly to starboard, and headed for the s.p.a.ce between the _Patrie_ and the _Republique_. The _Canada_, _Newfoundland_, _New Zealand_ and _Hindustan_ put on speed, pa.s.sed under her stern, and headed in between the _Suffren_, _Liberte_, _Verite_ and _Patrie_, while the _Edward VII._, _Dominion_ and _Commonwealth_ turned between the _Justice_, _Democratie_, the _Aube_ and _Ma.r.s.eillaise_.

Within a thousand yards the British battles.h.i.+ps opened fire. The first gun from the _Britain_ was a signal which turned them all into so many floating volcanoes. The _Britain_ herself ran between the _Patrie_ and the _Republique_, vomiting storms of sh.e.l.l, first ahead, then on the broadside and then astern. Her topworks were of course crumpled out of all shape--that was expected, for the range was now only about five hundred yards--but the incessant storm of thousand-pound sh.e.l.ls from the fourteen-inch guns, followed by an unceasing hail of three hundred and fifty pound projectiles from the 9.2 quick-firers, reduced the two French battles.h.i.+ps to little better than wrecks. The _Britain_ steamed through and turned, and again the awful hurricane burst out from her sides and bow and stern. She swung round again, but now only a few dropping shots greeted her from the crippled Frenchmen.

"I don't think those chaps have much more fight left in them," said the Admiral to the Captain as they pa.s.sed through the line for the third time. "We'll just give them one more dose, and then see how the other fellows are getting on."

Once more the monster swept in between the doomed s.h.i.+ps; once more her terrible artillery roared. Two torpedo boats, five hundred yards ahead, were rus.h.i.+ng towards her. A grey shape rose out of the water, flinging up clouds of spray and foam, and in a moment they were ground down into the water and sunk. The hastily-fired torpedoes diverged and struck the two French battles.h.i.+ps instead of the _Britain_. Two mountains of foam rose up under their sterns, their bows went down and rose again, and with a sternward lurch they slid down into the depths.

The _Britain_ swung round to port, and poured a broadside into the _Liberte_, which had just crippled the _Hindustan_, and sunk her with a torpedo. The _New Zealand_ was evidently in difficulties between the _Liberte_ and the _Verite_. Her upper works were a ma.s.s of ruins, but she was still blazing away merrily with her primary battery. The Admiral slowed down to ten knots, and got between the two French battles.h.i.+ps; then her big guns began to vomit destruction again, and in five minutes the two French battles.h.i.+ps, caught in the triangular fire and terribly mauled, hauled their flags down, and so Lord Beresford's scheme was accomplished. The _Dominion_ and _Edward VII._ had got between their s.h.i.+ps at the expense of a severe handling, and were giving a very good account of them, and the _Canada_ had sunk the _Suffren_ with a lucky sh.e.l.l which exploded in her forward torpedo room and blew her side out.

It was broad daylight by this time, and it was perfectly plain, both to friend and foe, that the French centre could no longer be counted upon as a fighting force. One of the circ.u.mstances which came home hardest afterwards to the survivors of the French force was the fact that, as far as they knew, not a single British battles.h.i.+p or cruiser had been struck by a French destroyer or torpedo boat. The reason for this was the very simple fact that Erskine had taken these craft under his charge, and, while the big s.h.i.+ps had been thundering away at each other, he had devoted himself to the congenial sport of smas.h.i.+ng up the smaller fry. He sent the _Ithuriel_ flying hither and thither at full speed, tearing them into sc.r.a.p-iron and sending them to the bottom, as if they had been so many penny steamers. He could have sent the battles.h.i.+ps to the bottom with equal ease, but orders were orders, and he respected them until his chance came.

The _Verite_ was now the least injured of the French battles.h.i.+ps. To look at she was merely a floating ma.s.s of ruins, but her engines were intact, and her primary battery as good as ever. Her captain, like the hero that he was, determined to risk his s.h.i.+p and everything in her in the hope of destroying the monster which had wrought such frightful havoc along the line. She carried two twelve-inch guns ahead, a 6.4 on each side of the barbette, and four pairs of 6.4 guns behind these, and the fire of all of them was concentrated ahead.

As the _Britain_ came round for the third time every one of the guns was laid upon her. He called to the engine-room for the utmost speed he could have, and at nineteen knots he bore down upon the leviathan. The huge guns on the _Britain_ swung round, and a tempest of sh.e.l.ls swept the _Verite_ from end to end. Her armour was gashed and torn as though it had been cardboard instead of six-and eleven-inch steel; but still she held on her course. At five hundred yards her guns spoke, and the splinters began to fly on board the _Britain_. The Captain of the _Verite_ signalled for the last ounce of steam he could have--he was going to appeal to the last resort in naval warfare--the ram. If he could once get that steel spur of his into the _Britain's_ hull under her armour, she would go down as certainly as though she had been a first-cla.s.s cruiser.

When the approaching vessels were a little more than five hundred yards apart, the _Ithuriel_, who had settled up with all the destroyers and torpedo boats she could find, rose to the north of the now broken French line. Erskine took in the situation at a glance. He s.n.a.t.c.hed the receiver from the hooks, shouted into it:

"Sink--full speed--ram!"

The _Ithuriel_ dived and sprang forward, and when the ram of the _Verite_ was within a hundred yards of the side of the _Britain_ his own ram smashed through her stern, cracked both the propeller shafts, and tore away her rudder as if it had been a piece of paper. She stopped and yawed, broadside on to the _Britain_. The chases of the great guns swung round in ominous threatening silence, but before they could be fired the Tricolor fluttered down from the flagstaff, and the _Verite_, helpless for all fighting purposes, had surrendered.

It was now the turn of the big armoured cruisers. They were practically untouched, for the heaviest of the fighting had fallen on the battles.h.i.+ps. A green rocket went up from the deck of the _Britain_, and was followed in about ten seconds by a blue one. The inner line of cruisers made a quarter turn to port, and began hammering into the crippled battles.h.i.+ps and cruisers indiscriminately, while the _Leviathan_, _Good Hope_, _Powerful_ and _Terrible_ took stations between the Isle of Wight and the Suss.e.x coast.

The _Ithuriel_ rose to her three-foot freeboard, and put in some very pretty practice with her pneumatic guns on the topworks of the cruisers.

The six-funnelled _Jeanne d'Arc_ got tired of this, and made a rush at her at her full speed of twenty-three knots, with the result that the _Ithuriel_ disappeared, and three minutes afterwards there came a shock under the great cruiser's stern which sent a shudder through her whole fabric. The engines whirled furiously until they stopped, and a couple of minutes later her captain recognised that she could neither steam nor steer. Meanwhile, the tide was setting strongly in towards Spithead, and the disabled s.h.i.+ps were drifting with it, either to capture or destruction.

The French centre had now, to all intents and purposes, ceased to exist.

Four out of six battles.h.i.+ps were sunk, and one had surrendered, and the _Jeanne d'Arc_ had gone down.

On the British side the _Hindustan_ had been sunk, and the _Dominion_, _Commonwealth_ and _Newfoundland_ very badly mauled, so badly indeed that it was a matter of dry-dock as quickly as possible for them. All the other battles.h.i.+ps, including even the _Britain_ herself, were little better than wrecks to look at, so terrible had been the firestorms through which they had pa.s.sed.

But for the presence of the _Ithuriel_, the British loss would of course have been much greater. It is not too much to say that her achievements spread terror and panic among the French torpedo flotilla. Under ordinary circ.u.mstances they would have taken advantage of the confusion of the battles.h.i.+p action to attack the line of armoured cruisers behind, but between the two lines there was the ever-present destroying angel, as they came to call her, with her silent deadly guns, her unparalleled speed, and her terrible ram. No sooner did a destroyer or torpedo boat attempt to make for a cruiser, than a sh.e.l.l came hissing along the water, and blew the middle out of her, or the ram crashed through her sides, and sent her in two pieces to the bottom.

The result was that when the last French cruiser had hauled down her flag, Admiral Beresford found himself in command of a fleet which was still in being. Of the French battles.h.i.+ps the _Justice_ and the _Democratie_ were still serviceable, and of the cruisers, the _Jules Ferry_, _Leon Gambetta_, _Victor Hugo_, _Aube_ and _Ma.r.s.eillaise_ were still in excellent fighting trim, although of course they were in no position to continue the struggle against the now overwhelming force of British battles.h.i.+ps and armoured cruisers. This was what Admiral Beresford had fought for: to break the centre and put as many battles.h.i.+ps as possible out of action. His orders had been to spare the cruisers as much as possible, because, he said, with a somewhat grim laugh, they might be useful later on.

The idea of their escaping to sea through the double line of British cruisers, to say nothing of the _Ithuriel_, with her speed of over fifty miles an hour, and her ability to ram them in detail before they were halfway across the Channel, was entirely out of the question. To have attempted such a thing would have been simply a form of collective suicide, so the flags were hauled down, and all that was left of the fleet surrendered.

Another circ.u.mstance which had placed the French fleet at a tremendous disadvantage was the absence of the three _Flying Fishes_, which were to have co-operated with the invading fleet, but of course neither Admiral Durenne, who had gone down with his s.h.i.+p, nor any other of his officers knew that the _Banshee_ had been blown up in mid-air, or that the _Ithuriel_ had destroyed the depot s.h.i.+p, and so forced Castellan, after his mad waste of ammunition in the destruction of Portsmouth, to wing his way to Kiel, with the _See Adler_, in order to replenish his magazines. Had those two amphibious craft been present at the battle, the issue might have been something very different.

The whole fight had only taken a couple of hours from the firing of the first shot to the hauling down of the last flag. Admiral Beresford made direct for Portsmouth to get his lame ducks into dock if possible, and to discover the amount of damage done. As they steamed in through the Spithead Forts, flags went up all along the northern sh.o.r.e of the Isle of Wight, and the guns on the Spithead Forts and Fort Monckton, which the _Banshee_ had been commissioned to destroy, roared out a salute of welcome.

The signal masts of the sunk battles.h.i.+ps showed where their shattered hulls were lying, and as the _Britain_ led the way in between them, Lord Beresford rubbed his hands across his eyes, and said to his Commodore, who was standing on what was left of the navigating bridge:

"Poor fellows, it was hardly fair fighting. We might have had something very like those infernal craft if we'd had men of decent brains at the War Office. Same old story--anything new must be wrong in Pall Mall.

Still we've got something of our own back this morning. I hope we shall be able to use some of the docks; if I'm not afraid our lame ducks will have to crawl round to Devonport as best they can. The man in command of those airs.h.i.+ps must have been a perfect devil to destroy a defenceless town in this fas.h.i.+on. The worst of it is that if they can do this sort of thing here they can do it just as easily to London or Liverpool, or Manchester or any other city. I hope there won't be any more bad news when we get ash.o.r.e."

CHAPTER XVI

HOW THE FRENCH LANDED AT PORTSMOUTH

All the s.h.i.+ps able to take their place in the fighting-line were left outside. The French prisoners were disembarked and their places taken by drafts from the British wars.h.i.+ps, who at once set about making such repairs as were possible at sea. Admiral Beresford boarded the _Ithuriel_, which, until the next fight, he proposed to use as a despatch-boat, and ran up the harbour.

He found every jetty, including the North and South Railway piers, mere ma.s.ses of smoking ruins: but the Ordnance Depot on Priddy's Hard had somehow escaped, probably through the ignorance of the a.s.sailants. He landed at Sheer Jetty opposite Coaling Point, and before he was half-way up the steps a short, rather stout man, in the undress uniform of a General of Division, ran down and caught him by the hand. After him came a taller, slimmer man with eyes like gimlets and a skin wrinkled and tanned like Russian leather.

The first of the two men was General Sir John French, Commander-in-Chief at Aldershot, and the second was General Sir Ian Hamilton, Commander of the Southern Military District.

"Bravo, Beresford!" said General French, quietly. "Scooped the lot, didn't you?"

"All that aren't at the bottom of the Channel. Good-morning, Hamilton.

I've heard that you're in a pretty bad way with your forts here,"

replied the Admiral. "By the way, how are the docks? I've got a few lame ducks that want looking after badly."

"We've just been having a look round," replied General Hamilton. "The town's in an awful state, as you can see. The Naval and Military barracks, and the Naval School are wrecked, and we haven't been able to save very much from the yards, but I don't think the docks are hurt much. The sweeps went more for the buildings. We can find room for half a dozen, I think, comfortably."