Napoleon's Letters To Josephine Part 12

_July 4th.--Captures Alexandria._

_July 21st.--Defeats Mamelukes at Battle of the Pyramids, and enters Cairo the following day._

_August 1st.--French Fleet destroyed by Nelson at the Battle of the Nile._

_October 7th.--Desaix defeats Mourad Bey at Sedyman (Upper Egypt)._

GENERAL HISTORY.--_January 4th._--Confiscation of all English merchandise in France. Commencement of Continental system.

_January 5th._--Directory fail to float a loan of 80 millions (francs), and

_January 28th._--Forthwith invade Switzerland, ostensibly to defend the Vaudois, under a sixteenth-century treaty, really to revolutionise the country, and seize upon the treasure of Berne.

_February 15th._--Republic proclaimed at Rome. French occupy the Vatican, and

_February 20th._--Drive Pope Pius VI. into exile to the convent of Sienna.

_March 5th._--Capture of Berne by General Brune.

_April 13th._--Bernadotte, amba.s.sador, attacked at the French Emba.s.sy in Vienna.

_May 19th._--Fitzgerald, a leader in the Irish rebellion, arrested.

_August 22nd._--General Humbert and 1100 French troops land at Killala, County Mayo.

_September 8th._--Humbert and 800 men taken by Lord Cornwallis at Ballinamack.

_September 12th._--Turkey declares war with France, and forms alliance with England and Russia.

_November 19th._--Wolfe-Tone commits suicide.

_December 5th._--Macdonald defeats Mack and 40,000 Neapolitans at Civita Castellana.

_December 9th._--Joubert occupies Turin.

_December 15th._--French occupy Rome.

_December 29th._--Coalition of Russia, Austria, and England against France.

EVENTS OF 1799.

NAPOLEONIC HISTORY.--_January 23rd._--_Desaix defeats Mourad Bey at Samhoud (Upper Egypt). February 3rd.--Desaix defeats Mourad Bey at the Isle of Philae (near a.s.souan)--furthest limit of the Roman Empire. Napoleon crosses Syrian desert and takes El Arish (February 20th) and Gaza (February 25th), captures Jaffa (March 7th) and Sour, formerly Tyre (April 3rd). Junot defeats Turks and Arabs at Nazareth (April 8th), and Kleber defeats them at Mount Tabor (April 16th). Napoleon invests Acre but retires (May 21st), re-enters Cairo (June 14th), annihilates Turkish army at Aboukir (July 25th); secretly sails for France (August 23rd), lands at Frejus (October 9th), arrives at Paris (October 13th); dissolves the Directory (November 9th) and Council of Five Hundred (November 10th), and is proclaimed First Consul (December 24th)._

GENERAL HISTORY.--_January 10th._--Championnet occupies Capua.

_January 20th._--Pacification of La Vendee by General Hedouville.

_January 23rd._--Championnet occupies Naples.

_March 3rd._--Corfu taken from the French by a Russo-Turkish force.

_March 7th._--Ma.s.sena defeats the Austrians, and conquers the country of the Grisons.

_March 25th._--Archduke Charles defeats Jourdan at Stockach.

_March 30th._--Kray defeats French (under Scherer) near Verona,

_April 5th._--And again at Magnano.

_April 14th._--Suwarrow takes command of Austrian army at Verona;

_April 22nd._--Defeats French at Ca.s.sano, with heavy loss.

_April 28th._--French plenipotentiaries, returning from Radstadt, murdered by men in Austrian uniforms--Montgaillard thinks by creatures of the Directory.

_May 4th._--Capture of Seringapatam by General Baird.

_May 12th._--Austro-Russian army checked at Ba.s.signana.

_May 16th._--Sieyes becomes one of the Directory.

_May 20th._--Suwarrow takes Brescia,

_May 24th._--And Milan (citadel).

_June 5th._--Ma.s.sena defeated at Zurich by Archduke Charles; and Macdonald (_June 19th_) by Suwarrow at the Trebbia.

_June 18th._--Gohier, Roger-Ducos, and Moulin replace Treilhard, Lareveillere-Lepeaux, and Merlin on the Directory.

_June 20th._--Turin surrenders to Austro-Russians.

_June 22nd._--Turkey, Portugal, and Naples join the coalition against France.

_July 14th._--French carry their prisoner, Pope Pius VI., to Valence, where he dies (_August 29th_).

_July 22nd._--Alessandria surrenders to Austro-Russians.

_July 30th._--Mantua, after 72 days' siege, surrenders to Kray.

_August 15th._--French defeated at Novi by Suwarrow. French lose Joubert and 20,000 men.

_August 17th._--French, under Lecombe, force the St. Gothard.

_August 27th._--English army disembark at the Helder.